Caffeine modulates the malignant biological behaviors of human brain glioma U-373MG cells by regulating the FAK/AKT/ROCK pathway / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#[摘 要] 目的：探讨咖啡因通过调节FAK/AKT/ROCK信号通路来影响人脑胶质瘤U-373MG细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力。方法：常规培养U-373MG细胞，将其分为对照组、咖啡因低剂量（1 mmol/L）组、咖啡因高剂量（2 mmol/L）组、PF573228组（FAK抑制剂，1 μmol/L）、咖啡因高剂量+SC79组（AKT激活剂，8 mg/L）。用CCK-8法、Transwell小室实验、流式细胞术和WB法分别检测各组U-373MG细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭及凋亡，以及U-373MG细胞中p-FAK、p-AKT、p-ROCK、Ki67、MMP-9蛋白表达水平。建立U-373MG细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型，观察咖啡因对移植瘤生长的影响，WB法检测移植瘤组织中相关蛋白的表达。结果：咖啡因、PF573228可显著抑制U-373MG细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭能力，促进U-373MG细胞凋亡，抑制p-FAK、p-AKT、p-ROCK、Ki67、MMP-9蛋白的表达（均P<0.05），SC79则可部分逆转咖啡因对U-373MG细胞的作用（均P<0.05）。咖啡因可显著抑制移植瘤的生长及移植瘤组织中上述相关蛋白的表达（均P<0.05）。结论：咖啡因可通过抑制FAK/AKT/ROCK信号通路抑制U-373MG细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力，并促进其凋亡。

A longitudinal study on association between puberty development and thyroid function of school aged girls in Minhang District, Shanghai / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To observe the association between puberty development and thyroid function among school-aged girls in Minhang District of Shanghai, in order to explore the effect of puberty development on thyroid function. @*Methods@#The study was based on a cohort of adolescent girls recruited in iodine-suitable areas of Minhang District, and the baseline and follow-up survey have been carried out from January to March 2019. The method of phased cluster sampling was used to select one junior high school in the east, south, north and middle of Minhang District, Shanghai, respectively. Finally, 464 new junior high school girls were included in the Cohort study for physical examination, and girls were followed up from January to March 2021. The Puberty Development Scale (PDS) was used to assess the stage of puberty. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) were determined for each participant. Thyroid homeostasis structure parameters (THSPs) was calculated. Changes of Thyroid hormones at baseline and follow-up were compared by Wilcoxon signed rank sum test. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of thyroid hormones (THs) and THSPs changes with pubertal develepment.@*Results@#Serum TSH levels of female studentds decreased significantly, while their FT3 and FT4 levels increased significantly during the study period ( Z=-10.53, -4.71, -12.46, P <0.01). In multiple linear regression analysis after adjustment for co-variables (including baseline age, change of BMI and waist circumference), FT4 and thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI) in the higher puberty category scores changes (△PCS) group were further reduced compared with those in the low △PCS group ( β =-0.66, -0.55 ). Compared to the late puberty at baseline and follow-up (BLFL) group, FT4 and TFQI showed higher decline in the pre-puberty at baseline and late puberty at follow-up (BPFL) group with the pre-puberty at baseline and end of puberty at follow-up (BPFT) group ( β =-0.55, -0.44)( P <0.05). There were no association of △TSH, △FT3, △FT4/FT3 and TSH index changes (△TSHI) with △PCS or the puberty pattern.@*Conclusion@#Serum TSH decreases while serum FT3 and FT4 increase among girls during puberty. Both the initial stage and the velocity of pubertal development are related to thyroid hormone fluctuations.

CDC20 expression in endometrial cancer and its effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of RL95-2 cells / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#[摘 要] 目的：评估细胞分裂周期蛋白20（CDC20）在子宫内膜癌（EC）中的表达，探讨其对EC细胞RL95-2周期和凋亡的影响及可能的机制。方法：从癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）数据库获取EC的mRNA表达矩阵以及患者的临床信息，通过R语言分析CDC20 mRNA的差异表达情况及其与肿瘤分期的相关性，qPCR及WB法检测CDC20在RL95-2细胞中的表达；向RL95-2细胞转染sh-CDC20以敲减CDC20的表达，采用CCK-8法和流式细胞术检测敲减CDC20对RL95-2细胞增殖活力、细胞周期分布和凋亡的影响，WB法分析对Mcl-1/p-Chk1信号活性的影响；建立RL95-2细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型，评估敲减CDC20对肿瘤生长的抑制作用及对移植瘤组织中Mcl-1/p-Chk1信号轴和细胞凋亡的影响。结果：CDC20在EC组织及RL95-2细胞中呈高表达（均P<0.01），且CDC20的高表达与EC的分期有关联。敲减CDC20可显著降低RL95-2细胞增殖活力（P<0.01），阻滞细胞周期于G1期（P<0.01），促进细胞凋亡（P<0.01），抑制细胞中Mcl-1和p-Chk1的表达（P<0.05或P<0.01）。敲减CDC20可显著抑制RL95-2细胞裸鼠移植瘤的生长（P<0.01），降低移植瘤组织内Mcl-1和p-Chk1的表达（P<0.01），促进移植瘤细胞凋亡（P<0.01）。结论：CDC20在EC组织中呈高表达且与肿瘤分期有关联，敲减CDC20能够抑制RL95-2细胞及其裸鼠移植瘤的生长而促进凋亡，这可能与Mcl-1/p-Chk1信号轴有关。

Analysis of coping capacity and influencing factors of public health emergencies among college students in Shandong Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the current situation and influencing factors of coping capacity in public health emergencies among college students in Shandong Province, and to provide reference for public health emergencies responses.@*Methods@#Using stratified random sampling method, 7 719 students from 6 colleges and universities in Shandong Province were selected and investigated with self designed questionnaire from April to May 2020. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of coping capacity in public health emergencies.@*Results@#The overall coping capacity of college students in Shandong Province to public health emergencies scored (46.22±8.47), with dimension from high to low being personal prevention before the event (15.65±2.75), post event cooperation and disposal (15.18±3.08), incident personal precaution (15.01±3.23). Multiple linear regression showed that gender, major, only child, parental education level, knowledge of public health emergencies, emergency drill exercises, and health education for public health emergencies were associated with coping capacity among college students in public health emergencies ( B =-1.53, -1.78, -2.08, 0.60, 0.81, 1.11, 1.38, 0.78, 1.65, 1.86, 9.14, 2.00, 2.62, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The overall coping capacity in public health emergencies among college students in Shandong is at a good level, but still needs to be improved through strengthening emergency education and family support.

circRNA_000926 regulates proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by targeting miR-411-5p / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#[摘 要] 目的：探讨环状RNA _000926（circ_000926）对宫颈癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法: 收集2019年5月至2020年9月河北医科大学第一医院手术切除的30例宫颈癌患者的癌及癌旁组织标本，以及人宫颈癌细胞HeLa、SiHa和正常宫颈细胞Ect1/E6E7，用qPCR法检测组织和细胞中circ_000926和miR-411-5p的表达水平。将circ_000926过表达质粒及空白质粒、circ_000926小干扰RNA及阴性对照寡核苷酸、miR-411-5p mimic和阴性对照质粒分别转染HeLa和SiHa细胞，分为pc-circ_000926组、pc-NC组、si-circ_000926组、si-NC组、miR-411-5p mimic组和miR-NC组。通过CCK-8法检测转染细胞的增殖活力，TUNEL法检测细胞的凋亡水平。通过双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证circ_000926与miR-411-5p之间的靶向关系，WB法检测细胞中Ki67、BAX、Caspase-3和Caspase-9蛋白的表达。结果: 与癌旁组织和Ect1/E6E7细胞相比，宫颈癌组织和HeLa、SiHa细胞中circ_000926表达显著升高、miR-411-5p表达显著降低（均P<0.01）。与pc-NC组相比，pc-circ_000926组细胞增殖活力显著增强、细胞凋亡率显著降低（均P<0.01），细胞中miR-411-5p表达显著降低、Ki67蛋白表达显著升高，BAX、Caspase-3、Caspase-9蛋白表达显著降低（均P<0.01）。与si-NC组相比，si-circ_000926组细胞增殖活力显著降低、细胞凋亡率显著升高（均P<0.01），细胞中miR-411-5p表达显著升高、Ki67蛋白表达显著降低，BAX、Caspase-3和Caspase-9蛋白表达显著升高（均P<0.01）。双荧光素酶报告基因实验结果证实circ_000926靶向负向调控miR-411-5p表达，过表达miR-411-5p可逆转过表达circ_000926对宫颈癌细胞增殖和凋亡的作用。结论: circ_000926通过靶向吸附miR-411-5p促进宫颈癌细胞的增殖，并抑制细胞凋亡。

Association of raised serum progesterone level with ovulation trigger and histology of endometrium in stimulated cycles

Abstract This was a forthcoming study of those patients, who undergo in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and freeze-all embryo, who acquiesce for the study. The number of participated patients (n=350) in this study, underwent for IVF. The blood sample was collected from patients to evaluate the level of serum progesterone in vacuum vials on the day of ovulation trigger. After 36 hrs of ovulation trigger, ovum picked up was done. Quantitative methods were used to estimate the level of serum progesterone through the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and correlation of serum progesterone with embryo transfer (ET) outcomes. Main outcome of this current study was to evaluate the value of mean serum progesterone level i.e.0.868± 0.712 ng/ml and 0.88±0.723 ng/ml was found in case of pregnancy positive and negative respectively, at p=0.216 value. In antagonist (n=40) and agonist (n=310) cases, it was 8(20%) and 37(11.94%) PL occurrence was noted at p=0.143 respectively. An overall value of the premature lutenization (PL) occurrences was 13.63% and 15.25% observed in both positive and negative cases of pregnancy at p=0.216 respectively. This study concluded that 12.66% of PL occurrences were recorded in the case of IVF. Study results proved, there were no significant effect of PL on pregnancy outcomes.

Analysis of thyroid hormone level and its influencing factors among pubertal girls in Minhang District of Shanghai / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate thyroid hormone concentration and associated factors among pubertal girls in Minhang District of Shanghai.@*Methods@#From January to March 2019, a stratified sampling method was used to select junior high schools from the east, south, north, and middle areas in Minhang district. A total of 386 girls of grade 6 in selected schools were included in the study. Physical examination was conducted, and their urine and blood samples were collected to determine urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and thyroid function. Puberty Development Self-rating Scale (PDS) was used to define the pubertal stage. Logistic regression models were conducted to analyze the associations between pubertal stage and thyroid function.@*Results@#The median urinary iodine concentration was 163.57(106.57, 232.96) μg/L. The geometric mean values of TSH, TT3, FT3 and FT4 were 0.29 mU/L, 0.26 nmol/L, 0.68 pmol/L and 1.18 pmol/L.The mean value of TT4 was 91.64 nmol / L. The abnormal rates of TGAb and TPOAb were 6.22% and 4.15%. The rate of abnormal TGAb combined with abnormal TPOAb was 3.68%. Girls in puberty and post-puberty had the lower level of TT4 (OR=0.47,0.43) as compared with girls in pre-puberty stage. Obese girls had higher level of TT3(OR=9.08, 95%CI=1.52-54.07). With the increase of exercise time(0.5-1, >1 h/d), FT4 level was increased (OR=2.45, 2.19). TSH levels were significantly higher in girls with higher TGAb and TPOAb. Girls had higher TT4 or FT4 levels if their TGAb levels were higher and TPOAb levels were normal.@*Conclusion@#There is an association between pubertal stage, obesity, exercise and thyroid function in school-aged girls during puberty in iodine sufficient areas. TSH, FT4 and TT4 levels are correlated with TGAb and TPOAb levels.

Evaluation and associated factors of the responses to public health emergencies among college students in Shandong Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To evaluate response to public health emergencies in colleges and universities and associated factors, and to provide references for emergency response mechanisms in colleges.@*Methods@#Using stratified random sampling, recruited 7 719 students in 6 universities in Shandong Province during April May 2020, and analyzed the data with SPSS 25.0 software.@*Results@#About 65.5% of college students reported response to public health emergencies in their college, 67.7% of the students reported that colleges have emergency plans, 53.9% of the students reported that colleges have carried out simulated emergency training, and 64.7% of the students reported that colleges have carried out health education. Evaluation from students for responding to public health emergencies in colleges and universities scored(24.15±4.59), of which measures and policies related to epidemic control were highest(4.05±0.81), while mental health education or counselling services were lowest (3.95±0.85). Gender, grade, major, type of household registration, emergency response measures, emergency response plan, emergency simulation training, health education were associated with the evaluation of the measures by college students(t/F=5.04，43.83，79.92，-3.40，26.86，34.83，29.35，35.01，P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#While recognizing the overall performance on public health responses in universities, college students believe certain limitations still exist; colleges and universities should continuously improve the emergency prevention and control system of public health emergencies in response to the effectiveness and deficiencies in the prevention and control process.

Association between health literacy and health related quality of life among primary and middle school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the association between health literacy (HL) and health related quality of life (HRQoL) among primary and middle school students in Nanjing,and to provide a reference for improving health literacy and health related quality of life among children.@*Methods@#In this cross sectional study, by using a multi stage rondom duster sampling method,a total of 4 388 primary (4-6), junior (grades 7-9) and senior (grades 10-12) high school students were randomly selected in Nanjing during May and June of 2018. HRQoL was measured as continuous variable with the validated Chinese version of Child Health Utility 9D (CHU9D CHN); the relationship between health literacy level and HRQoL was examined using mixed effect linear regression models and reported as mean difference ( MD ) and 95% confidence interval( CI ).@*Results@#There were 85.8% participants who obtained adequate health literacy level, while the mean score of CHU9D CHN was (0.78±0.17) for overall participants. After control for potential confounding factors and class level clustering effects, participants who self reported adequate HL recorded an increased HRQoL scores of 0.08 (95% CI =0.06-0.10) units relative to those self reporting inadequate HL. According to the stratified analysis of students gender, school type and place of residence, the results show that after adjusting the relevant confounding factors and the aggregation of class level, compared with the students without health literacy, the score of health related quality of life of those with health literacy increased significantly.@*Conclusion@#Health literacy of primary school students in Nanjing is positively related to health related life qualities.Therefore,there is a need to promote student s health related quality of life through health literacy.

Application value of magnetic resonance hydrography of the inner ear in cochlear implantation

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the application value of magnetic resonance (MR) hydrography of the inner ear in cochlear implantation. METHODS 146 patients were enrolled. MR hydrography and spiral CT examinations for the intracranial auditory canal were performed before surgery, and all imaging results were statistically analyzed in order to explore the application value of MR hydrography of the inner ear in cochlear implantation. RESULTS 146 patients (292 ears) were examined. Among these patients, 13 were diagnosed with abnormal vestibular aqueducts (20 ears) by MR hydrography, while five were diagnosed with this disease by CT; 15 patients were diagnosed with inner ear malformation (19 ears) by MR hydrography, while 11 were diagnosed by CT (four were misdiagnosed); five patients were diagnosed with internal acoustic canal stenosis (eight ears) by MR hydrography, while two were diagnosed by CT (three were misdiagnosed); and four patients were diagnosed with cochlear fibrosis (five ears) by MR hydrography, while four were diagnosed by CT (four ears). The correct rate of diagnosis was 77.40% (113/146) based on CT, while the rate was 93.84% (137/146) based on MR hydrography. CONCLUSIONS MR hydrography imaging technique can be applied to the preoperative evaluation of cochlear implantation, providing accurate and reliable anatomic information on the inner membranous labyrinth and nerves in the internal acoustic canal and an accurate basis for the diagnosis of cochlear fibrosis and nerve development. This has a guiding significance for the selection of treatment schemes.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Este estudo visa investigar o valor da aplicação da hidrografia por ressonância magnética (RM) do ouvido interno no implante coclear. MÉTODOS Cento e quarenta e seis pacientes foram inscritos. Os exames da hidrografia por RM e do CT espiral para o canal auditivo intracraniano foram executados antes da cirurgia, e todos os resultados da imagem foram analisados estatisticamente, a fim de explorar o valor da aplicação da hidrografia por RM do ouvido interno no implante coclear. RESULTADOS Centro e quarenta e seis pacientes (292 ouvidos) foram examinados. Dentre esses pacientes, 13 foram diagnosticados com aquedutos vestibulares anormais (20 ouvidos) pela hidrografia por RM, enquanto cinco pacientes foram diagnosticados com esta doença pelo CT; 15 pacientes foram diagnosticados com malformação do ouvido interno (19 ouvidos) pela hidrografia por RM, enquanto 11 pacientes foram diagnosticados por CT (quatro foram diagnosticados erroneamente); cinco pacientes foram diagnosticados com estenose de canal acústico interno (oito ouvidos) pela hidrografia por RM, enquanto dois pacientes foram diagnosticados por CT (três foram diagnosticados erroneamente); e quatro pacientes foram diagnosticados com fibrose coclear (cinco ouvidos) pela hidrografia por RM, enquanto quatro foram diagnosticados por CT (quatro ouvidos). A taxa correta de diagnóstico foi de 77,40% (113/146) com base no CT, enquanto a taxa foi de 93,84% (137/146) com base na hidrografia por RM. CONCLUSÕES A técnica de imagem da hidrografia por RM pode ser aplicada à avaliação pré-operatória do implante coclear, que pode fornecer informações anatômicas precisas e confiáveis sobre o labirinto membranoso interno e os nervos no canal acústico interno, além de uma base exata para o diagnóstico da fibrose coclear e do desenvolvimento do nervo. Isso tem um significado orientador para a seleção de esquemas de tratamento.

Combined association of physical activity and screen time with healthrelated quality of life among primary and middle school students in China / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the association of physical activity and screen time with health-related quality of life among students in China.@*Methods@#A total of 4 388 students (graders 4-12) were randomly selected from primary, junior and senior high schools in Nanjing, China, to take part in this cross-sectional questionnaire survey in 2018. The associations of physical activity and screen time with health-related quality of life were assessed using mixed-effects linear regression models and reported as mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval(CI).@*Results@#After adjustment for potential confounders and class-level clustering effects, students with sufficient physical activity reported an increased 0.03 (95%CI=0.01-0.05) unit of the Child Health Utility 9D (CHU9D) scores compared to their counterparts with insufficient physical activity, while participants with short screen time also recorded higher CHU9D scores 0.05(95%CI=0.02-0.08) than those with prolonged screen time. Relative to those with insufficient physical activity and prolonged screen time, students with insufficient physical activity and short screen time 0.05(95%CI=0.02-0.09), or students with sufficient physical activity and prolonged screen time 0.03(95%CI=-0.03-0.10), or students with sufficient physical activity and short screen time 0.08(95%CI=0.05-0.12), respectively, reported increased CHU9D scores.@*Conclusion@#Health-related quality of life was positively associated with physical activity, but negatively with screen time. Moreover, these two factors may have a combined effect on health-related quality of life.

Effects of different developmental patterns on thyroid morphological changes among children in pre-puberty and puberty / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the effects of different developmental patterns on the increases of thyroid volume in children from different genders and periods, and to explore whether there is a synergistic effect on the initiation of puberty in girls, so as to provide a theoretical basis for reducing the risk of thyroid abnormalities in adulthood.@*Methods@#A multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select a primary school in Minhang District of Shanghai, Haimen City of Jiangsu Province and Yuhuan city of Zhejiang Province. A total of 784 children aged 8-10 years old were included in "8-10 years school-aged children cohort". At the same time, a total of 491 girls aged 11-13 years were included in the "11-13 years adolescent girls cohort". The content of survey on follow-up was consistent with the one on baseline. B-ultrasonography was used to measure thyroid volume. The physical development indexes such as height (H), weight (W) and waist circumference (WC) were measured. The morning urine samples were collected and the urinary iodine content was detected. The changes of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and thyroid volume (V) were calculated (d BMI, d WC, and d V, respectively). According to the changes of BMI and WC, the subjects were classified into four types of developmental changes, namely "B-LW-L (low d BMI, low d WC)" "B-LW-H (low d BMI, high d WC)" "B-HW-L (high d BMI, low d WC)" and "B-HW-H (high d BMI , high d WC)". Results In partial correlation analysis, thyroid volume was significantly correlated with BMI and WC at baseline or follow-up(P<0.05). The changes of thyroid volume in 8-10 years old boys were related to the changes of BMI and WC (P<0.05), the changes of thyroid volume in 8-10 year old girls were only associated with the changes of WC (P=0.03), and no association was found in 11-13 year old girls(P>0.05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for baseline age, region, and differences of urinary iodine, the risk of thyroid volume increasing in B-HW-H was 2.70 times (95%CI=1.29-5.66) higher than that of B-LW-L in boys aged 8-10 years; among girls aged 11-13 years, the risk of thyroid volume increasing in B-LW-H, B-HW-L and B-HW-H were 2.46 times (95%CI=1.31-4.61), 2.16 times (95%CI=1.15-4.03) and 1.79 times (95%CI=1.07-2.99), respectively; there was no interaction between menarche age and developmental pattern on thyroid volume change trend (P=0.49).@*Conclusion@#The thyroid volume in children and adolescents increases with the development of physical development. Different developmental patterns and estrogens have certain effects on thyroid morphological changes. To avoid obesity in childhood (especially with central obesity), timely identify and effectively intervene thyroid morphological abnormalities in childhood，and to reduce the risk of thyroid diseases in adulthood.

Cloning, characterization and promoter analysis of common carp hairy/Enhancer-of-split-related gene, her6.

Some members of hairy/Enhancer-of-split-related gene (HES) family have important effects on axial mesoderm segmentation and the establishment and maintenance of the somite fringe. In fishes, the her6 gene, a member of the HES family, is the homologue of hes1 in mammals and chicken. In this study, the her6 gene and its full-length cDNA from the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were isolated and characterized. The genomic sequence of common carp her6 is approximately 1.7 kb, with four exons and three introns, and the full-length cDNA of 1314 bp encodes a putative polypeptide of 271 amino acids. To analyse the promoter sequence of common carp her6, sequences of various lengths upstream from the transcription initiation site of her6 were fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (eGFP) and introduced into zebrafish embryos by microinjection to generate transgenic embryos. Our results show that the upstream sequence of 500 bp can direct highly efficient and tissue-specific expression of eGFP in zebrafish embryos, whereas a fragment of 200 bp containing the TATA box and a partial suppressor of hairless paired site sequence (SPS) is not sufficient to drive eGFP expression in zebrafish embryos.