Incidence of leptospirosis in Fujian province, 2015-2020 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the incidence of leptospirosis in Fujian province from 2015 to 2020 and provide the scientific evidences for the risk assessment, prevention and control of leptospirosis. Methods: The incidence data of leptospirosis in Fujian during 2015-2020 were collected from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention for a descriptive analysis, and software ArcGIS 10.3.1 was used for spatial autocorrelation analysis, and rats were captured in 17 surveillance areas during the same period, and the rat organs were collected for pathogen culture, the level of Leptospira antibody was detected in serum samples of rats, healthy population and the serum samples of patients sent by the hospitals. The infection status of Leptospira in human and rats were analyzed. Results: The incidence of leptospirosis in Fujian showed a downward trend from 2015 to 2020. A total of 176 cases of leptospirosis were reported. There were obvious seasonality and bimodal distribution. The majority of cases were farmers, accounting for 49.43% (87/176). Most cases were aged 30-69 years (85.80%, 151/176). The male to female ratio of the cases was 3.51∶1 (137∶39). Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that leptospirosis had high or low clustering areas. From 2015 to 2020, the average capture rate of rats in 17 surveillance areas was 6.96% (1 519/21 838), Rattus losea, Rattus flavipectus and Niviventer fulvescens were the main species. The average positive rate of Leptospira antibody in rats was 28.64% (252/880). Java and Autumnalis were the predominant serogroups, accounting for 56.75% (143/252) and 17.46% (44/252), respectively. The average positive rate of Leptospira antibody in healthy population was 16.13% (254/1 575), and Autumnalis and Australis were the predominant serogroups, accounting for 71.65% (182/254). The confirmation rate of leptospirosis in patient serum samples sent by the hospitals was 2.23% (188/8 431), Autumnalis (56.38%, 106/188) and Hebdomadis (19.68%, 37/188) were the major serogroups. Conclusions: The incidence of leptospirosis in Fujian showed a downward trend from 2015 to 2020, there were obvious area clustering and seasonality. The high clustering areas were mainly distributed in northern, western and central Fujian. Java and Autumnalis were the predominant serogroups in rats. The infection rate in healthy population decreased year by year. Autumnalis and Hebdomadis were the main serogroups in population in Fujian.

Accuracy of lumbar pedicle screw implantation based on three-dimensional printing navigation modules / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: The surgical procedure of pedicle screw placement in the lumbar spine requires a long time to confirm the insertion position of the pedicle screw by using X-ray images. The clinical application of computer-aided navigation techniques is limited, due to the high cost of auxiliary navigation system and complicated operation. OBJECTIVE: Based on three-dimensional printing navigation module of lumbar pedicle screw implantation in patients with fracture of lumbar spine, to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the navigation module into lumbar pedicle screws. METHODS: According to CT data of 50 patients with fracture of lumbar vertebra, the data were loaded into Mimics to establish a three-dimensional model of the lumbar spine. On the basis of the established model of pedicle screw navigation module, lumbar entity model and navigation module were made using three-dimensional printing technology. First of all, navigation module was preoperatively embedded in the lumbar spine specimen entity to simulate pedicle screw test. Second, screw navigation module was applied to assist lumbar pedicle screw insertion in lumbar vertebra during the operation. After operation, the effectiveness of the screw implantation was assessed using CT examination and X-ray. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The designed navigation module with 12 pedicle screws was inserted into lumbar vertebra. CT examination showed that screw position was good on the internal side of lumbar pedicle; no screws perforated the pedicle cortex. (2) Experiments showed that the accuracy of pedicle screws inserted into lumbar vertebra was relatively high. The direction and the site of the screws were basically identical to the preoperative simulation results. (3) Based on three-dimensional printing navigation module, the accuracy of pedicle screw implantation into the vertebral vertebra was high, and could realize accurate implantation of individualized pedicle screws. The minimally invasive surgery method is relatively simple and has the very vital significance.

The effect of electromagnetic fields on gene expression profiles in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To screen for differential expression of genes in bone marrow mesenchymal stem ceils (MSCs) stimulated by electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and to study the mechanism of differentiation of the bone mar- row MSCs induced by EMFs.Methods Mouse bone marrow MSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro.The third- passage cells were stimulated by EMFs,then the total RNA was extracted,purified to cDNA and reversely transcribed to yield a cRNA probe.The cRNA probes from stimulated and control cells were labelled with Cy5 and Cy3,respec- tively.The two samples were hybridized with a mouse oligo microarray,and the hybridization signals were scanned. The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to identify the interesting genes:Duspl and Rabl.Results A total of 153 differentially expressed genes were found comparing the stimulated group and the control group.There were 74 up-regulated genes and 79 down-regulated genes in the stimulated group.Semi-quantita- tive RT-PCR confirmed that the Duspl and Rabl mRNA expression levels of the stimulated group were up-regulated. Conclusion The gene expression profiles of the bone marrow MSCs were altered after EMF exposure.The genes are involved in cell proliferation and differentiation,transcription control,metabolism and response to stress.These re- sults provide deeper insight into the mechanism of differentiation of the bone marrow MSCs.

Preliminary studies on the mechanisms of a new anti-tumor agent PH II-7 with special preference to multidrug resistant tumor cells / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the anti-tumor activity of PH II-7 in vitro and explore preliminarily its mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The anti-tumor activity was measured using colorimetric MTT assay. Apoptosis was determined with fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS), electron microscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis. The expressions of mdr1 and sorcin genes were determined by Northern blot assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PH II-7 inhibited the proliferation of various human tumor cells derived from different tumor cell lines. The IC50 values varied from 0.34-18.61 mumol/L. Especially, PH II-7 had strong inhibitory effect on multidrug resistant tumor cells, whereas adriamycin (ADR) was resistant. Apoptosis was induced in HL60 and HL60/ADR cells treated with 1 microgram/ml PH II-7, while PH II-7 inhibited the expressions of mdr1 and sorcin genes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PH II-7 is a new potential agent which has strong inhibitory effect on both multidrug resistant cells and their parental cells. PH II-7 may increase the intracellular drug concentration in MDR cells by inhibiting the expressions of the MDR-related genes mdr1 and sorcin and induce the apoptosis of MDR cells and their parental tumor cells.</p>