RESUMO
Objective:To explore the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and risk factors of hospital-acquired late-onset sepsis(LOS) in premature infants.Methods:The clinical data of 82 premature infants with hospital-acquired LOS(observation group) admitted to the Dali Maternal and Child Health Hospital from April 2017 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and 118 premature infants without sepsis during the same period were selected as the control group.The distribution of pathogenic bacteria in premature infants with hospital-acquired LOS was analyzed, and the risk factors of hospital-acquired LOS in premature infants were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results:A total of 89 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected among 82 children in the observation group, including 42 strains of gram-positive bacteria(47.19%), 39 strains of gram-negative bacteria(43.82%), and 8 strains of fungi(8.99%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age less than 32 weeks, birth weight less than 1 500 g, small for gestation age infants, tracheal intubation, central venous catheterization, parenteral nutrition time more than 7 days, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and antibiotic use time more than 7 days were independent risk factors for hospital-acquired LOS in premature infants( P<0.05). Conclusion:Coagulase-negative staphylococcus is the most common pathogen of hospital-acquired LOS in premature infants, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae.Low gestational age and low birth weight, mechanical ventilation, central venous catheterization, parenteral nutrition time and prolonged use of antibiotics can increase the risks of hospital-acquired LOS for premature infants.