RESUMO
Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Jinan City, and to provide targeted measures for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods Data were collected from the reporting system of two sentinel hospitals for active surveillance of foodborne diseases in Jinan City from 2013 to 2021, and pathogens were detected in stool/anal swab samples of the cases. Constituent ratio was used for enumeration data, and χ2 test was used for comparison of detection rates. Results A total of 5,417 cases of foodborne diseases were reported in the two sentinel hospitals in Jinan from 2013 to 2021, and most of them were children aged 0-5 years (48.57%). The high incidence period of foodborne diseases was from May to August (53.72%). The main clinical symptoms were digestive system symptoms. Meat and meat products accounted for the largest number of suspected exposed foods (13.89%), and home-made food was the main exposure source (45.83%). The total detection rate of pathogens was 38.40%, mainly Escherichia coli (24.22%), and the detection rate of norovirus was 17.76%. There was a significant difference in the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria before and after the establishment of Healthy City (χ2=107.22, P <0.001). Conclusion The high-risk population for foodborne diseases is children aged 0 to 5 years old. Summer and fall are the high incidence seasons, with E. coli and norovirus as predominant pathogens. It is necessary to continue to strengthen the monitoring of foodborne diseases in high-risk seasons and infants, improve the food safety awareness of high-risk groups, increase monitoring sentinel hospitals, and expand the coverage. In addition, relevant departments should take corresponding prevention and control measures to reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases.
RESUMO
Objective To analyze bacterial epidemiological characteristics of adult foodborne diarrhea cases in Jinan from 2013 to 2019, and to provide references for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods Using SPSS21.0, the pathogen detection results of 1513 adult diarrhea cases reported by the foodborne disease surveillance sentinel hospital in Jinan was analyzed. Results The positive detection rate of the pathogen of foodborne diarrhea in adults was 46.07%. Among these, the positive rate of bacterial infection was 30.60%, mainly Escherichia coli; the positive rate of norovirus infection was 20.29%, and the main infection genotype was GⅡ; and the positive rate of bacterial-virus infection was 4.82%. The difference in pathogen positive detection rates in different quarters was statistically significant (χ2=11.894, P=0.008). Bacterial infection was the main factor during the second to the fourth quarters, while viral infection became critical in the second and the fourth quarters. The top three suspected exposure foods were meat and meat products (18.77%), mixed foods (14.83%), and fruits and their products (14.35%). Conclusion The positive rate of adult foodborne diarrhea pathogens in Jinan is relatively high. It is recommended to increase sentinel monitoring hospitals. At the same time, the foodborne disease prevention and control measures should be developed based on seasonal changes, different age groups, and different characteristics of exposed food.