Epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Shaanxi Province, 2012-2021 / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Shaanxi Province from 2012 to 2021. 【Methods】 We collected the information of pertussis cases in Shaanxi Province from 2012 to 2021 by the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System for analyzing the incidence and distribution characteristics. 【Results】 From 2012 to 2021, a total of 8270 cases of pertussis were reported in Shaanxi Province, with the incidence ranging from 0.21 to 6.20 per 100 000 persons, and for an annual average incidence of 2.17 per 100 000 persons. 44.81% (3 706/8 270) occurred from June to September. The annual average incidence in southern Shaanxi, Guanzhong, and northern Shaanxi was 1.78, 2.47, and 1.46 per 100 000 persons (χ2=289.638, P<0.001). The number of patients (proportions) with pertussis aged 0-1, 1-5, 5-10, and ≥10 years was 3 884 (46.96%), 2 869 (34.69%), 1 408 (17.03%), and 109 (1.32%), respectively. The number of patients (proportion) ≤ 2 months old, 3-5 months old, and ≥ 6 months old was 884 (22.76%),1 608 (41.40%), and 1 392 (35.84%) among pertussis patients under 1 year old. 【Conclusion】 The incidence of pertussis in Shaanxi Province basically showed an increasing trend with higher rates between June and September, higher rates in Guanzhong region of the province, and more patients over 5 years old.

A family of Alport syndrome with a novel dominant hereditary hematuria and a mutation in the COL4A4 gene / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective Alport syndrome was an inherited kidney disease caused by the mutation of COL4A3,COL4A4, or COL4A5. Whole-exome sequencing was used to detect the mutations on these genes for the molecular diagnosis of Alport syndrome. Methods A 6-year-old girl found accidentally with microscopic hematuria at the age of 4. The clinical data and blood sample of the family including proband, parents, brothers, and sisters were collected. Whole exome sequencing was conducted using their genomic DNAs. Results A novel heterozygous frameshift mutation c.1826delC (p.Pro609Glnfs*44) was found in the exon 25 of the COL4A4(NM_000092) in the proband, the father, and the sister, showing an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of Alport syndrome. This mutation of COL4A4 was confirmed by mutation analysis, and the mutation of c.1826delC was verified by Sanger sequencing. No mutations on COL4A3 and COL4A5 were detected in this family. And the mother and brother are normal wide-type. Conclusions This novel mutation is a valuable addition to the current genetic profile of Alport syndrome, and provide us a better understanding of the disease. Whole-exome sequencing is a power tool to identify the novel mutations of inherited disease and contribute to the molecular diagnosis of disease.

A family of Alport syndrome with a novel dominant hereditary hematuria and a mutation in the COL4A4 gene / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective@#Alport syndrome was an inherited kidney disease caused by the mutation of COL4A3, COL4A4, or COL4A5. Whole-exome sequencing was used to detect the mutations on these genes for the molecular diagnosis of Alport syndrome.@*Methods@#A 6-year-old girl found accidentally with microscopic hematuria at the age of 4. The clinical data and blood sample of the family including proband, parents, brothers, and sisters were collected. Whole exome sequencing was conducted using their genomic DNAs.@*Results@#A novel heterozygous frameshift mutation c.1826delC (p.Pro609Glnfs*44) was found in the exon 25 of the COL4A4 (NM_000092) in the proband, the father, and the sister, showing an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of Alport syndrome. This mutation of COL4A4 was confirmed by mutation analysis, and the mutation of c.1826delC was verified by Sanger sequencing. No mutations on COL4A3 and COL4A5 were detected in this family. And the mother and brother are normal wide-type.@*Conclusions@#This novel mutation is a valuable addition to the current genetic profile of Alport syndrome, and provide us a better understanding of the disease. Whole-exome sequencing is a power tool to identify the novel mutations of inherited disease and contribute to the molecular diagnosis of disease.

Influence of "Mental Health Law of the People's Republic of China" on psychological counseling in colleges and universities: An interview study on the heads of psychological counseling centers in colleges and universities in Beijing / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To investigate the impact of China's Mental Health Law on the work of psychological counseling in colleges and universities, and to explore ways to improve the law. Methods: Totally 12 heads of college and university counseling centers in Beijing were conducted with semi-structured interviews. The average age of the interviewees was (40 ±7) years old, with master or doctor degrees in psychology or related disciplines. The method of content analysis was used to analyze the interviewees' understanding of the " Mental Health Law". Results: All of the 12 interviewees had gained some understanding of the "Mental Health Law", and accordingly amended the regulation of their counseling centers. Also, interviewees suggested the positive and negative impacts brought by the law, such as enhancing practitioners' legislative sense, clarifying their responsibilities and boundaries as college and university counseling, as well as difficulties to distinguish psychotherapy and psychological counseling, ambiguity in the legality of working with students who were diagnosed with mental disorders. Moreover, interviewees threw out suggestions on improving the law from the aspect of industry standard, supervision department and vocational qualification. Conclusion: The execution of "Mental Health Law" improves practitioners' legislative sense, clarifies their responsibility. Nevertheless, it does not clearly distinguish psychotherapy from psychological counseling, and be lack of regulation on the psychological counseling industry.

Detection and significance of cytokines related to NF-κB signaling pathway in patients with different TCM syndrome types of diabetic nephropathy / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the expression difference of cytokines related to nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway among different traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes in the patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN).Methods Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-1 (IL-1),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in 146 patients with DN and 62 individuals undergoing healthy physical examination in the control group were measured.Results The levels of serum TNF-α,IL-1,IL-6 and IL-8 in various DN groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05).The levels of serum TNF-α,IL-1,IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly different among groups of different TCM syndromes (P＜0.05).With the progression of DN,all cytokines levels showed a gradually increasing trend,moreover the increased extents and time were different in different TCM syndrome types of DN.Conclusion The levels of serum TNF-α,IL-1,IL-6 and IL-8 related to NF-κB signaling pathway are correlated with different TCM syndromes types and may play a role in the occurrence and progression of different TCM syndrome types of DN.

Progress of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of human steroid hormones / 中华检验医学杂志

Steroid hormones are fat soluble molecules produced by cholesterol through a series of enzymatic catalysis.These low-level steroid hormones in body fluids generally play an important role in the regulation of metabolism and sexual function.Therefore,accurate quantification of these hormones is crucial for both diagnosis and treatment of endocrine disorder disease.At present, automated immunoassays are commonly used for the measurement of steroid hormone.However,only one analyte can be detected in one assay.More importantly, a lot of steroid hormones still cannot be detected by immunoassays due to the limitation of specific antibody.Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)has high sensitivity and high specificity,and can simultaneously detect a variety of steroid hormones in one injection. LC-MS/MS has become a hot research topic in clinical research.

Correlation between ApoE gene polymorphism and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and car-dio-cerebrovascular diseases. Methods Gene chip method was used to determine ApoE genotypes in 1427 pa-tients with cardiovascular disease and 450 health controls. Levels of serum lipid were compared. Results The highest genotype frequency of ApoE was ε3/3 in the patient group and control group. The allele frequency of ApoE from high to low wasε3,ε2 andε4. The genotype ofε3/3 in patient group was significantly lower than that in con-trol group(χ2 = 12.562,P 0.05). The level of TCH and LDL-c significantly decreased in patients with E2 genotype,and increased in patients with genotype E4(P 0.05). Positive relationship was found between ApoE geno-type and phenotype of ApoE and LDL-c. Conclusions ApoE gene polymorphism plays an important role in the oc-currence and development of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.

Application of serum IgG4 and IgE in children with allergic asthma and rhinallergosis / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To detect serum IgG4 and IgE levels in children with allergic asthma and rhinallergosis to provide an im-portant laboratory evidence for its diagnosis ,treatment and prevention.Methods The serum IgG4 and IgE levels were detected in 118 children patients with allergic asthma ,167 children patients with rhinallergosis and 150 healthy children(control group) under-going physical examination in the same period.Results The levels of serum IgG4 and IgE in the allergic asthma group and rhinal-lergosis group were significantly higher than those in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P0.05).Conclusion Serum IgG4 and IgE have a certain clinical significance in the occurrence ,treatment and surveillance of allergic asthma and rhinallergosis in children.

Changes of homocysteine,renal function and serum lipid levels in renal transplantation / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To discuss the application and significance of homocysteine (Hcy),renal function and serum lipid levels in renal transplantation,by testing those from patients after renal transplantation.Methods Hcy,creatinine (Cr),urea nitrogen (BUN),uric acid (UA),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were detected in transplantation group(n=63) and control group(n=60).Serum Hcy,Cr and BUN of transplantation group were continuously monitored before and 1,3,7,14 days after operation,and the relationship between Hcy and renal function before and after renal transplantation were compared.Results Compared with control group,Hcy,Cr and BUN in transplantation group all increased and the difference between two groups was statistically significant (P0.05).Conclusion Hcy,Cr and BUN can be used as monitoring indicators of efficacy after renal transplantation,also which can be used to observe the incidence and severity of hyperlipidemia.

Comparison and evaluation of three assays in preliminary screening of dengue infections / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To compare and evaluate the performance and applications of three assays in preliminary screening of dengue infections.Methods This study was designed as a retrospective study.Clinical data were obtained from 2 137 borderline cases from September to October in 2014 and 2015.Markers of dengue infections of serum samples were detected by NS1 antigen captured ELISA, dengue NS1 detect rapid test and dengue IgM detect rapid test, respectively.Chi square test was used to compare the preliminary screening value of these 3 methods.Forty-eight diagnosed patients were also examined in the 1st-3rd day, 4th-5th day, 6th-7th days and 14th day after infection to access the sensitivities and specificities of three assays.Results Nine hundred and fifty-seven ( 57.2%) cases in 2014 and 48 ( 10.4%) cases in 2015 were diagnosed to be Dengue fever of 2 137 borderline cases.The overall sensitivity of NS1-ELISA was superior to NS1 and IgM rapid detect test (χ2 =40.865,P<0.001;χ2 =151.383,P<0.001).No significant differences were found in specificity between three assays(χ2 =0.661,P=0.416;χ2 =0.548,P=0.459; χ2 =2.397,P=0.122).The NS1 detecting assays were sensitive in 7 days after infection, but the sensitivity of IgM detecting assay increased over time.Conclusions NS1 detecting assays had good sensitivities and specificities, which can be used as an important method in preliminary screening of dengue infection.ELISA or rapid test can be selected according to epidemic situation.

The diagnostic value of urine C polysaccharide antigens for Streptococcus pneumoniae infection / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the value of urine C polysaccharide antigens for the diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumonia in‐fection .Methods 372 cases of patients with community‐acquired pneumonia were selected ,and their urine C polysaccharide antigens were tested by using BinaxNOW kit .Results The sensitivity and specificity of urine C polysaccharide antigens were 63 .0% and 85 .3% ,respectively .The positive rate of urine C polysaccharide antigens in patients diagnosed with Streptococcus pneumonia infec‐tion was 84 .0% ,and that in patients suspected with Streptococcus pneumonia infection was 57 .4% .Conclusion The test of urine C polysaccharide antigens can be a diagnostic adjunct for Streptococcus pneumonia infection .

ADR Reports in Our Hospital:Analysis of 311 Cases / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the features of adverse drug reactions(ADR) occurred in out hospital.METHODS: A total of 311 ADR cases collected in our hospital from Jan 1,2006 to Nov 20,2008 were analyzed statistically in respect of the number of case reports,source of reports,drug categories,routes of administration,distribution of western and Chinese medicines organs and systems involved and the clinical manifestations etc.RESULTS: 78.8% of the total 311 cases were reported by physicians and 18.0% by pharmacists;Of all the drugs involved in ADR,anti-infective drugs accounted for 36.90%,and 64.9% of the western medicines and 64.8% of the Chinese medicines were administered via intravenous drip.Lesions of skin and the appendants represented 30.53% of the total ADR.CONCLULSION: ADR monitoring and medication intervention should be further strengthened in our hospital to promote rational drug use.