Efficacy comparison of intravitreal injection of Conbercept versus Aflibercept in the treatment of pachychoroid neovasculopathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To observe and compare the clinical efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of conbercept or aflibercept in the treatment of pachychoroid neovasculopathy(PNV).METHODS:Retrospective case-control study. A total of 33 patients(35 eyes)diagnosed as PNV in our hospital from February 2018 to October 2022 were divided into 14 cases(14 eyes)in conbercept group and 19 cases(21 eyes)in aflibercept group according to the treatment methods. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)and central macular thickness(CMT), injection times and clinical complications of the two groups were compared before and 1, 3 and 6mo after treatment.RESULTS:BCVA, CMT and SFCT in both groups were significantly improved after 1, 3 and 6mo of treatment(all P<0.05). During the whole follow-up period, the number of intravitreal injections in the two groups were 2(2, 3)and 2(1.5, 2)respectively, and there was no significant difference(P=0.423). No serious complications occurred during the treatment of the two groups.CONCLUSION:Both intravitreal injections of conbercept and aflibercept can treat PNV with similar therapeutic effects. The desired clinical outcome is achieved by improving the anatomy while improving visual acuity.

Mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome for alleviating hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury / 中华器官移植杂志

The review focuses upon the mechanism of exosome derived from mesenchymal stem cells in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)to provide references for clinical application of exosomes in alleviating hepatic IRI.

Progress of lipoxygenase in liver ischemia reperfusion injury / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Liver ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the main causes of liver dysfunction or functional failure after liver transplantation or liver resection. As the main organ of lipid metabolism, liver is closely related to lipid metabolic balance. Lipoxygenase is a non-heme iron-containing oxidases that oxidizes polyunsaturated fatty acids to produce hydroxy-eicosanotetraenoic acid. Lipoxygenase is excessively expressed during liver ischemia, causing lipid metabolic disorders. High expression of several proinflammatory cytokines induced by lipoxygenase during liver reperfusion. Lipid peroxidation induced by lipoxygenase leads to the production of lipid oxygen free radicals, which induces iron death mainly characterized by lipid peroxidation, thus affecting apoptosis and tissue damage. This review mainly introduces the latest progress of lipoxygenase in liver IRI.

Early Enteral Nutrition and Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: A Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study Based on the MIMIC-III Database

Purpose@#We aimed to analyze the optimal timing of enteral nutrition (EN) in the treatment of sepsis and its effect on sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI.) Materials and Methods: The MIMIC-III database was employed to identify patients with sepsis who had received EN. With AKI as the primary outcome variable, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to calculate the optimal cut-off time of early EN (EEN). Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to control confounding effects. Logistic regressions and propensity score-based inverse probability of treatment weighting were utilized to assess the robustness of our findings. Comparisons within the EEN group were performed. @*Results@#2364 patients were included in our study. With 53 hours after intensive care units (ICU) admission as the cut-off time of EEN according to the ROC curve, 1212 patients were assigned to the EEN group and the other 1152 to the delayed EN group. The risk of SA-AKI was reduced in the EEN group (odds ratio 0.319, 95% confidence interval 0.245–0.413, p<0.001). The EEN patients received fewer volumes (mL) of intravenous fluid (IVF) during their ICU stay (3750 mL vs. 5513.23 mL, p<0.001). The mediating effect of IVF was significant (p<0.001 for the average causal mediation effect). No significant differences were found within the EEN group (0–48 hours vs. 48–53 hours), except that patients initiating EN within 48 hours spent fewer days in ICU and hospital. @*Conclusion@#EEN is associated with decreased risk of SA-AKI, and this beneficial effect may be proportionally mediated by IVF volume.

Loss-of-function CFTR p.G970D missense mutation might cause congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens and be associated with impaired spermatogenesis / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) is observed in 1%-2% of males presenting with infertility and is clearly associated with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutations. CFTR is one of the most well-known genes related to male fertility. The frequency of CFTR mutations or impaired CFTR expression is increased in men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). CFTR mutations are highly polymorphic and have established ethnic specificity. Compared with F508Del in Caucasians, the p.G970D mutation is reported to be the most frequent CFTR mutation in Chinese patients with cystic fibrosis. However, whether p.G970D participates in male infertility remains unknown. Herein, a loss-of-function CFTR p.G970D missense mutation was identified in a patient with CBAVD and NOA. Subsequent retrospective analysis of 122 Chinese patients with CBAVD showed that the mutation is a common pathogenic mutation (4.1%, 5/122), excluding polymorphic sites. Furthermore, we generated model cell lines derived from mouse testes harboring the homozygous Cftr p.G965D mutation equivalent to the CFTR variant in patients. The Cftr p.G965D mutation may be lethal in spermatogonial stem cells and spermatogonia and affect the proliferation of spermatocytes and Sertoli cells. In spermatocyte GC-2(spd)ts (GC2) Cftr p.G965D cells, RNA splicing variants were detected and CFTR expression decreased, which may contribute to the phenotypes associated with impaired spermatogenesis. Thus, this study indicated that the CFTR p.G970D missense mutation might be a pathogenic mutation for CBAVD in Chinese males and associated with impaired spermatogenesis by affecting the proliferation of germ cells.

Correlation Between Functional Components in Codonopsis pilosula Roots and Soil Factors / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between the content of 4 functional components in Codonopsis pilosula roots from different areas and soil factors， and thereby to lay a theoretical basis for soil ecological regulation and improvement of quality of C. pilosula roots. MethodThe content of lobetyolin， atractylenolide Ⅲ， alcohol extract， and polysaccharides， as well as soil fertility and 16 soil factors in 24 batches of samples from different producing areas were determined. Principal component analysis （PCA） and Pearson's correlation analysis were used to explore the key soil factors leading to the variation of chemical component content in C. pilosula roots. ResultThe content of lobetyolin and atractylenolide Ⅲ in samples from Longxi was the highest， and the content of polysaccharides peaked in samples from Huguan. The content of lobetyolin was in positive correlation with soil total nitrogen， total phosphorus， total potassium， alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen， and available potassium （P<0.01）， as well as soil organic matter， pH， available manganese， and available zinc （P<0.05）. There was a positive correlation between pH and atractylenolide Ⅲ content （P<0.05）. Soil total potassium was in positive correlation with alcohol extract and polysaccharide content （P<0.01）. Soil available zinc was positively correlated with alcohol extract and the polysaccharide content （P<0.05）. Sample sites with higher PCA scores were Pingshun， Huguan， and Longxi， which were significantly positively correlated with the content of polysaccharides in C. pilosula roots in different habitats. ConclusionThe content of functional components in C. pilosula roots can be improved by raising soil organic matter content and applying specific fertilizers.

Isolation, structural identification of secondary metabolites from Pseudomonas aeruginosa HBD-12 with antibacterial and antitumor activities / 生物工程学报

To screen strains with antibacterial and antitumor activity, pregnenolone was used as the sole carbon source for screening bacteria from soil. Based on bacteriostatic activity assay, Pseudomonas aeruginosa HBD-12 was found to be effectively inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli, Bacillus thuringiensis, Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum, and its fermentation broth was separated and purified using column chromatography. Then, structure of the obtained monomeric compounds was analyzed by spectrum analysis, and their antitumor activity was measured using HTRF kinase detection kit. The isolated monomeric compounds 1-hydroxy-9,10-phenanthroline and 3-hydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthroline had significant antitumor activity. At 20 μg/mL, 1-hydroxy-9,10-phenanthroline and 3-hydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthroline inhibited 78.39±2.29% and 60.34±8.35% Aurora kinase A, respectively. Therefore, the secondary metabolites of Pseudomonas aeruginosa HBD-12 have the potential to develop antibacterial and antitumor drugs.

Serum proteomics analysis of feline mammary carcinoma based on label-free and PRM techniques

Background@#Feline mammary carcinoma is the third most common cancer that affects female cats. @*Objectives@#The purpose of this study was to screen differential serum proteins in feline and clarify the relationship between them and the occurrence of feline mammary carcinoma. @*Methods@#Chinese pastoral cats were used as experimental animals. Six serum samples from cats with mammary carcinoma (group T) and six serum samples from healthy cats (group C) were selected. Differential protein analysis was performed using a Label-free technique, while parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) was performed to verify the screened differential proteins. @*Results@#A total of 82 differential proteins were detected between group T and group C, of which 55 proteins were down regulated and 27 proteins were up regulated. Apolipoprotein A-I, Apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II), Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), Apolipoprotein C-III (ApoC-III), coagulation factor V, coagulation factor X, C1q, albumen (ALB) were all associated with the occurrence of feline mammary carcinoma. Differential proteins were involved in a total of 40 signaling pathways, among which the metabolic pathways associated with feline mammary carcinoma were the complement and coagulation cascade and cholesterol metabolism. According to the Label-free results, ApoB, ApoC-III, ApoA-II, FN1, an uncharacterized protein, and ALB were selected for PRM target verification. The results were consistent with the trend of the label-free. @*Conclusions@#This experimen is the first to confirm ApoA-II and ApoB maybe new feline mammary carcinoma biomarkers and to analyze their mechanisms in the development of such carcinoma in feline.

Dihydroartemisinin Induces AML cell Apoptosis by Inhibition of PTEN/AKT pathway / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on the proliferation and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells.@*METHODS@#The effects of DHA on the proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia cells and the inhibitory effect of Z-VAD-FMK on the DHA-induced cell apoptosis were detected by CCK-8 assay. The expression level of cleaved-caspased 3 was detected by indirect immunofluorescence. Western blot was used to quantify the protein expression of PTEN, p-Akt, AKT, β-actin, and the apoptosis-associated proteins, such as C-PARP, Cleaved-caspase3 and Caspase3 respectively.@*RESULTS@#DHA induced the AML cell apoptosis with concentration-dependent manner (r=-0.959, r=-0.956). The DHA could induce the accumulation of cleaved-caspase 3 and C-PARP in AML cells, activate PTEN gene and inhibited Akt phosphorylation. Apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK could partially restored the activity of DHA-inhibited cell proliferation.@*CONCLUSION@#Dihydroartemisinin induces AML cell apoptosis by inhibition of PTEN/AKT pathway. Dihydroartemisinin is expected to be a safe and effective drug for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Changes of inflammatory cytokines in rat liver transplantation model under different functional warm ischemic durations / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To explore the changes and significance of hepatic cytokines during ischemia and reperfusion in rats undergoing donation after circulatory death (DCD) liver transplantation in different functional warm ischemic durations.Methods Maastricht Ⅲ DCD liver transplantation was simulated and a rat model of functional warm ischemia established.DCD liver transplantation was established by cutting diaphragm.There were four groups of functional warm ischemia 0/15/30 min and living donor liver transplantation control.Liver tissues and serum samples were obtained after donor liver acquisition and 6-hour reperfusion respectively.Luminex liquid chip was employed for detecting the concentrations of 23 cytokines in liver tissue,superoxide dismutase or malondialdehyde (SOD/MDA) expression in liver tissue and alanine transaminase or aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) expression in sera.And hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was utilized for detecting liver tissue damage.Results The levels of cytokines in liver tissues during ischemia and reperfusion were significantly different in different functional warm ischemic durations.SOD/MDA in liver tissue,AST/ALT in sera and pathological examinations also showed that,with the prolongation of functional warm ischemic duration,the degree of liver tissue injury gradually aggravated.Conclusions Functional warm ischemic duration has a significant effect on cytokines during ischemia and reperfusion in rat DCD liver transplantation.This phenomenon can help us further elucidate the mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion injury and provide new ideas for preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury during DCD liver transplantation.

Evaluation value of echocardiographic index and serum myocardial enzyme level changes for gestational hypertension／ / 心血管康复医学杂志

To explore relationship among disease severity , serum myocardial enzyme levels and echocar‐diographic indexes in patients with gestational hypertension (GH).Methods : A total of 101 GH inpatients treated in our department of gynecology from 2015 to 2018 were divided into severe group (severe preeclampsia and eclampsia patients , n＝46 ) and mild group (mild preeclampsia patients , n＝ 55 ) , and another 60 normal pregnant women were simultaneously selected as normal control group .Heart indexes , serum levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK‐MB) and creatine kinase (CK ) were measured and compared among three groups .Results : Compared with normal control group , there were significant rise in LVESd , LVEDd , right ventricular diameter (RVD) , end‐di‐astolic interventricular septal thickness (IVSTd ) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT ) in mild group and severe group , and above indexes of severe group were significantly higher than those of mild group , P＜0.01 all.Compared with normal control group , there was significant rise in transmitral late diastolic peak flow ve‐locity (A) , and significant reductions in LVEF , cardiac output (CO) , cardiac index (CI) , transmitral early dias‐tolic peak flow velocity (E) and E／A in mild group and severe group ;compared with mild group , there was signifi‐cant rise in A , and significant reductions in LVEF , CO , CI , E and E／A in severe group , P＜0. 01 all .Compared with normal control group , there were significant rise in serum levels of CK‐MB [ (6.2 ± 2.5) IU／L vs.(9.4 ± 3.2) IU／L vs.(15. 3 ± 5. 7) IU／L] and CK [(41.8 ± 7.9) IU／L vs.(61.7 ± 12. 5) IU／L vs.(88. 7 ± 20. 4) IU／L] in mild group and severe group , and those of severe group were significantly higher than those of mild group , P＝0.001 all.Conclusion : Echocardiography and myocardial enzyme examination in GH patients help to understand functional state and structure of heart , which possess important significance for early identification and treatment .

Quality evaluation of Liver-protection Agent based on HPLC fingerprint and simultaneous determinations of multiple components / 中草药

Objective To establish HPLC fingerprint strategy to simultaneously determine nine components in Liver-protection Agent, including loganin, paeonflorin, scutellarin, baicalin, baicalein, deoxyschizandrin, schisandrin, schizandrin C, and ursolic acid, and provide a scientific basis for the quality control of Liver-protection Agent and related medicinal preparations. Methods The analytical analysis was performed on an Agilent 1260-HPLC system equipped with a VWD detector and SB-C18 reversed phase column (Zorbax 150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The analytes were eluted using a gradient mixture of two solvent: solvent A was distilled deionized water containing 0.1% ortho-phosphoric acid and solvent B was 100% acetonitrile. The mobile phase flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The separation temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelengths were 236, 280, and 210 nm. The injection volume was 5 μL. Common patterns of HPLC fingerprints for 10 batches of Liver-protection Agent medicinal preparations were established, and chemometric analysis method was employed to analyze the hidden information. At the same time, methodological study was conducted for determinations of multiple components including loganin, paeonflorin, scutellarin, baicalin, baicalein, deoxyschizandrin, schisandrin, schizandrin C, and ursolic acid. Results The HPLC fingerprint strategy of Liver-protection Agent medicinal preparation had been set up, and 37 common peaks had been identified with the similarity of more than 0.9. Moreover, the samples were roughly divided into four categories by the methods of the systematic cluster analysis and principle component analysis. After validating the multiple component quantitative analysis condition through methodology, the average recovery rate was between 95.13% and 104.8%.The average mass concentration of loganin, paeonflorin, scutellarin, baicalin, baicalein, deoxyschizandrin, schisandrin, schizandrin C, and ursolic acid in ten batches of Liver-protection Agent was 216.3-223.0, 126.1-137.1, 144.7-149.0,1 623.1-1 992.7, 481.9-520.0, 14.9-18.7, 33.8-37.0, 2.9-3.7, and 39.7-43.6 mg/L, respectively. Conclusion The combination methods of HPLC fingerprint and simultaneous determinations of multiple components are rapid, simple, and reproducible, which can be adopted as one of the quality control methods for Liver-protection Agent and related medicinal preparations.

Analysis on dynamic variations of plasma metabolites of CUMS-induced depression rats by GC-MS metabolomics / 药学学报

To compare static and dynamic metabolomics data analysis of CUMS (chronic unpredictable mild stress)-induced depression, GC-MS spectrometry was conducted on the plasma metabolome. S-Plot and ANOVA (analysis of variance)-simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) were respectively applied to static and dynamic analysis of metabolomics data. Static metabolomics data analysis revealed three typical plasma metabolites including propionic acid, D-allose, and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, while dynamic me-tabolomics data analysis found seven typical metabolites including propionic acid, D-allose, My-inositol, me-thylamine, etc. The abundances of typical metabolites observed by dynamic metabolomics data analysis were consistent with the variation trends of body weight and sugar water preference rate of CUMS rats. In conclusion, dynamic metabolomics analysis revealed more typical plasma metabolites, which have the potential to explain variations of body weight and behavior parameter of CUMS-induced depression rats. Combination of static and dynamic metabolomics data analysis may provide a strong support to the pathological study of complex diseases.

Current progress in single sperm cryopreservation / 中华男科学杂志

Sperm cryopreservation has been widely used in assisted reproduction, but conventional techniques are not suitable for the cryopreservation of small numbers of sperm. The application of the single sperm cryopreservation technique has significantly improved the clinical treatment of cryptozoospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia. Ever since Cohen et al first developed the method of single sperm cryopreservation in 1997, constant efforts have been made to develop the carriers for this technique. In this review, we mainly discuss the existing methods and clinical outcomes of single sperm cryopreservation.

Quantitative analysis on contents of four alkaloid components in Calonyction muricatum by QAMS / 药物评价研究

Objective To develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) for simultaneously determining four compounds in Calonyction muricatum.Method An HPLC method was developed as QAMS to determine ipalbidine,ipalbidinium,and ipalbinium in C.muricatum,using ipalbine as the intermal reference substance,the relative correction factor (RCF) of the three components was determined by HPLC with good reproducibility.Their contents in six batches of samples were determined by both extemal standard method and QAMS.Result No significant differences were found in the quantitative results of three alkaloid compounds in six batches of C.muricatum determined by external standard method and QAMS.Conclusion It is feasible and suitable to evaluate the quality ofcurcuma aromatic by QAMS.

A study on innovation incentive policy of pharmaceutical industry in China: A review / 中国卫生政策研究

Based on the typical characteristics of existing incentive and regulation in the pharmaceutical industry in China,the innovation incentive policy of the pharmaceutical industry can be divided into two types:incentive policy,and regulatory policy.This paper reviewed the research progress on the influence of price regulation policy,health insurance payment policy,centralized procurement regulation and incentive policy on the innovation of pharmaceutical industry.The present paper puts also forward the future research direction.Based on the literature review,it has been found that the futnre researches in this field should be based on the management practice situation in China,and make a breakthrough from the following three aspects-asymmetric information,comprehensive action mechanism from variable policy instruments,and introduction of new research paradigm.This research provides a theoretical reference for the research and decision-making of the innovation incentive policy in the pharmaceutical industry.

Cost-effectiveness Analysis of the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis with Moxibustion / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of moxibustion in treating knee osteoarthritis (KO) and analyze its cost-effectiveness.Method Fifty-eight KO patients were randomized into a moxibustion group and an electroacupuncture (EA) group, 29 cases in each group. The two groups were treated 3 times a week, for successive 4 weeks. The knee joint function and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for knee joint pain were scored before and after the treatment, and the two groups were analyzed by using health economic methods.Result The knee joint function scores were significantly changed after the treatment in the two groups (P<0.05); the excellent rate was 96.6％ in EA group versus 75.9％ in moxibustion group, and the general excellent rate in EA group was markedly higher than that in moxibustion group (P<0.05); the total effective rate for pain was 93.1％ in moxibustion group versus 96.6％ in EA group, and the between-group difference was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). The cost-effectiveness ratio was 6.42 in moxibustion group versus 16.86 in EA group; the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 298.55 in EA group. Conclusion Moxibustion and EA both can effectively improve knee joint function and mitigate knee joint pain, while compared with EA, moxibustion has a higher health economic value.

Quantitative analysis on content of different components in Curcumae Aromaticae Radix by QAMS / 药物评价研究

Objective To develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) for simultaneously determining five compounds in Curcumae Aromaticae Radix.Methods An HPLC method was developed as QAMS to determine curcuma diol,ocathydro-1,4-dihydroxy-1,4-dimethyl-7-(propan-2-ylidene)azulen-5(1H)-one,original curcumol and curcumin in Curcumae Aromaticae Radix,using curdione as intermal reference substance,and the relative correction factor (RCF) of the four components was determined by HPLC with good reproducibility.Their contents in 10 batches of samples,collected from different areas,were determined by both external standard method and QAMS.Result No significant differences were found in the quantitative results of four compounds in 10 batches of Curcumae Aromaticae Radix determined by external standard method and QAMS.Conclusion It is feasible and suitable to evaluate the quality of Curcumae Aromaticae Radix by QAMS.

Quantitative analysis on contents of four alkaloid components in Calonyction muricatum by QAMS / 药物评价研究

Objective To develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) for simultaneously determining four compounds in Calonyction muricatum.Method An HPLC method was developed as QAMS to determine ipalbidine,ipalbidinium,and ipalbinium in C.muricatum,using ipalbine as the intermal reference substance,the relative correction factor (RCF) of the three components was determined by HPLC with good reproducibility.Their contents in six batches of samples were determined by both extemal standard method and QAMS.Result No significant differences were found in the quantitative results of three alkaloid compounds in six batches of C.muricatum determined by external standard method and QAMS.Conclusion It is feasible and suitable to evaluate the quality ofcurcuma aromatic by QAMS.

A study on innovation incentive policy of pharmaceutical industry in China: A review / 中国卫生政策研究

Based on the typical characteristics of existing incentive and regulation in the pharmaceutical industry in China,the innovation incentive policy of the pharmaceutical industry can be divided into two types:incentive policy,and regulatory policy.This paper reviewed the research progress on the influence of price regulation policy,health insurance payment policy,centralized procurement regulation and incentive policy on the innovation of pharmaceutical industry.The present paper puts also forward the future research direction.Based on the literature review,it has been found that the futnre researches in this field should be based on the management practice situation in China,and make a breakthrough from the following three aspects-asymmetric information,comprehensive action mechanism from variable policy instruments,and introduction of new research paradigm.This research provides a theoretical reference for the research and decision-making of the innovation incentive policy in the pharmaceutical industry.