Neonatal Exposure to Propofol Interferes with the Proliferation and Differentiation of Hippocampal Neural Stem Cells and the Neurocognitive Function of Rats in Adulthood via the Akt/p27 Signaling Pathway / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#Neonatal exposure to propofol has been reported to cause neurotoxicity and neurocognitive decline in adulthood; however, the underlying mechanism has not been established.@*Methods@#SD rats were exposed to propofol on postnatal day 7 (PND-7). Double-immunofluorescence staining was used to assess neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). The expression of p-Akt and p27 were measured by western blotting. The Morris water maze, novel object recognition test, and object location test were used to evaluate neurocognitive function 2-month-old rats.@*Results@#Phosphorylation of Akt was inhibited, while p27 expression was enhanced after neonatal exposure to propofol. Propofol also inhibited proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and decreased differentiation to neurons and astroglia. Moreover, the neurocognitive function in 2-month-old rats was weakened. Of significance, intra-hippocampal injection of the Akt activator, SC79, attenuated the inhibition of p-AKT and increase of p27 expression. SC79 also rescued the propofol-induced inhibition of NSC proliferation and differentiation. The propofol-induced neurocognition deficit was also partially reversed by SC79.@*Conclusion@#Taken together, these results suggest that neurogenesis is hindered by neonatal propofol exposure. Specifically, neonatal propofol exposure was shown to suppress the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs by inhibiting Akt/p27 signaling pathway.

Analysis of lateral neck lymph node reoperation in papillary thyroid carcinoma / 中国实用外科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics,and discuss the prevention of lateral neck lymph node reoperation.METHODS: The clinical data of 31 cases of lateral neck lymph node reoperation performed between January2013 and December 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University were analyed retrospectively.RESULTS: All 31 patients accepted 1 to 3 times lateral neck lymph node dissection,but the extent of lymph node dissection was not described enough clear in 17 cases. Twenty-four of 31 cases were found within 12 months from last operation to abnormal lymph nodes. In imaging diagnosis,the rate of metastasis in level Ⅳ was 58.1%,level Ⅱ(outside the outer edge of internal jugular vein)was 41.9%,trigonum caroticum and level Ⅲ(outside the outer edge of internal jugular vein)were 22.6%,lymph node between sternocleidomastoid and sternohyoid muscle(LNSS)was 12.9%. In pathology after surgery the rate of metastasis at levels Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴb,LNSS was 64.0%,81.8%,68.4%,8.3%,13.6% respectively.CONCLUSION: The imaging assessment has significant effects on lateral neck lymph node dissection,within standardized procedure in surgery,which should help reduce the reoperation caused by human factor.

Pharmacokinetics of levornidazole disodium phosphate in monkey / 药学学报

This study was carried out to investigate the pharmacokinetics/bioequivalence of levornidazole disodium phosphate by using stable isotope labeled drug, evaluated the pharmacokinetic profile and confirmed the prodrug characteristics of levornidazole disodium phosphate in monkey. Levornidazole (Drug A) and stable isotope 15N labeled levornidazole disodium phosphate (Drug B) were mixed with equal mole amount (experiment I); stable isotope 15N labeled levornidazole disodium phosphate (Drug B) and levornidazole disodium phosphate (Drug C) were mixed with equal mole amount, respectively. After giving the mixed drugs to the monkey, the concentration of 15N-levornidazole disodium phosphate, levornidazole disodium phosphate, 15N-levornidazole and levornidazole in plasma samples of pre-dosing and 24 h after administration were analyzed by a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Pharmacokinetic calculations were performed through non-compartmental analysis using WinNonlin software. Two-sided 90% confidence intervals (CI) were used to evaluate the bioequivalence of two drugs. The results showed that levornidazole disodium phosphate was metabolized to levornidazole rapidly after administration, the body exposure were increased with the dosage. The method of bioequivalence used in this study was different from the traditional two periods, crossover design. By using the method of this study, the effects of administration period, intra-individual variability, and sequence of administration on bioequivalence were avoided. The results of this study had successfully supported the pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence study of this drug in human using the same approach.

One-stage apertura thoracis superior approach for four-vessel occlusion in rats / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>There are a great number of modified models based on the four-vessel occlusion (4VO) model of Pulsinelli and Brierley which has been used worldwide for brain ischemia research. However, up to now the problems of collateral circulations of 4VO and the difficulty in arranging a surgery to occlude the basilar artery in other models are not satisfactorily solved yet. In this study, an improved 4-vessel occlusion (I4VO) rat model which is easy to handle and able to decrease the effect of collateral circulation is reported.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The common carotid arteries and the beginning of the subclavical arteries of rats were occluded for different time by one-stage apertura thoracis superior approach. Neurological deficit scores defined by the modified Garcia scoring system and histopathological method were used to evaluate the effects of this model up to 7 days after reperfusion.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The neurological scores in the 15-min and 25-min groups decreased significantly at 24, 48 and 72 hours after reperfusion (P less than 0.05), and the histopathologic study showed that there were stable, symmetrical changes of lesions in bilateral hippocampus in all the ischemia samples from two ischemia groups compared with sham operated group (P less than 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This modified model is safe, easy, reliable, stable, mini-invasive as well as time-saving in making bilateral hemispheric ischemia, which can effectively decrease collateral circulations and meanwhile lead to stable lesions in hippocampus and cortex.</p>

Regulation mechanism of triterpenoid components from Prunella asiatica on phase II detoxifying enzymes in vitro and in vivo / 中国中药杂志

To study the effects of triterpenoid components from Prunella asiatica on phase II detoxifying enzymes and protein expression in vitro and in vivo. Normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cell model was used in vitro, and the mouse model of Kunming (KM) mice was used in vivo. CDNB assay was used to measure the activity of GST. NADPH and DCIP was used to detect the activity of NQO1. DTNB colorimetric assay was used to detect GSH. Western blot was use to detect the protein expression of NQO1. We found that triterpenoid components from P. asiatica could increase the activity of GST, NQO1 and GSH in NHBE cells and KM mice. NQO1 protein expression can also be increased in vitro. The study suggests that triterpenoid components from P. asiatica can prevent the lung cancer by regulating the body phase II detoxification enzyme activity and protein expression.

Genome sequencing and genetic analysis of a natural reassortant H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus possessing H9N2 internal genes / 病毒学报

Abstract:One H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus, A/duck/Shandong/009/2008 (Dk/SD/009/08), was isolated from apparently healthy domestic ducks in some live bird market in East China during our epidemiological surveillance. To investigate the genetic composition, Dk/SD/009/08 was subjected to genome sequencing. The amino acid motif of cleavage site was "PLRERRRK-R/GL", which was consistent with the characterization of the HPAIV. According to the newest unified nomenclature system of H5N1, Dk/SD/ 009/08 was classified into Clade 2.3.4. The BLAST results showed that four gene segments (HA, NA, NP and NS) had the highest nucleotide identities with H5N1 subtype AIVs whereas the remaining four (PB2, PB1, PA and M) displayed the closest relationship with H9N2 subtype. Therefore, Dk/SD/009/08 might be a natural reassortant virus. The phylogenetic analysis further indicated that G1-like H9N2 subtype AIVs which was prevalent mainly in quails of Southern China might provide the internal genes for Dk/ SD/009/08.

Biological characteristics and sequence analysis of fusion genes of Newcastle disease virus isolates / 病毒学报

Twenty Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains were isolated from chickens and geese in the field outbreaks during 2005 and 2006 in some regions of Jiangsu and Guangxi province. Assessment of the virulence by MDT and ICPI, RT-PCR and sequence analysis of fusion protein gene were used to compare the properties of NDV isolates. The results indicated that MDT and ICPI of the isolates were 45.3h - 58.2h and 1.61 - 2.00 respectively, which confirmed that the all NDV isolates were highly virulent. And their hemagglutinin were not resistant to heat and belonged to fast pattern of elution. The results of nucleotide sequencing and phylogentic analysis of fusion protein gene showed that the twenty strains shared homology from 79.7% to 100% among themselves, from 78.1% to 83.4% and from 80.2% to 90.1% with NDV LaSota, F48E8, respectively. The putative amino acid sequences of fusion protein at the cleavage sites of all the isolates were 112R-R-Q-R/K-R-F117, with the motif characteristics of the virulent NDV strain, which was in accordant with the results of assessment of the pathogenicity. The phylogentic tree based on sequences of fusion protein gene variable regions (47-420nt) revealed that the 18 strains belonged to sub-genotype VIId and the others belonged to an old genotype III of NDV, revealing that subgenotype VIId virus was responsible for the NDV outbreaks in some regions of Jiangsu and Guangxi promince recently.

Associations between CYP11B2 gene -344T/C polymorphism and essential hypertension in the Han nationality in Shandong province / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether the -344T/C polymorphism of CYP11B2 gene is associated with essential hypertension in the Hans in Shandong province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) were measured with radioimmunoassays; the hypertensives were classified as low-renin and normal- or high-renin group by PAC/PRA ratio. -344T/C polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in controls and hypertensives.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant differences were found in genotype distribution or allele frequency between groups of control and primary hypertension or between groups of control and normal- or high-renin hypertension. The C allele frequency in low-renin hypertension group was significantly higher than that in normotensives and normal- or high-renin hypertension group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These results suggest that -344T/C polymorphism of CYP11B2 gene may be associated with low-renin essential hypertension in the Han nationality in Shandong province.</p>

Influence of chemotherapy on Th1/Th2 cytokine switching in stomach cancer patients / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the influence of chemotherapy on the switching of Th1/Th2 cytokines in stomach cancer patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Th1/Th2 cytokine genes expressed by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of stomach cancer patients before and after chemotherapy were detected by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of Th2 cytokines was dominant in patients before chemotherapy, and the dominancy became less marked after chemotherapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The immune deviation with Th2 predominance in stomach cancer patients has a tendency to become reversed after chemotherapy.</p>

Identification of serum biomarkers for rheumatoid arthritis using protein fingerprint / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To identify serum biomarkers for rheumatoid arthritis(RA)by protein finger- print pattern. Methods One hundred and forty-one serum samples of 90 RA patients, 20 systemic lupus ery- thematosus(SLE)patients, and 31 healthy individuals were randomly divided into training set(n=93, 60 RA patients, 13 SLE patients and 20 healthy individuals)and test set(n=48, 30 RA patients, 7 SLE patients and 11 healthy individuals). They were detected by surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight- mass spectrometry(SELDI-TOF-MS). The protein fingerprint pattern obtained from SELDI-TOF was trained by a multi-layer artificial neural network(ANN)to establish a diagnostic model. Results The detective mod- el obtained by ANN was used to detect the 48 unknown serum samples. The sensitivity and specificity for RA detection was 90% and 90.9% respectively. Conclusion In comparison with traditional methods, SELDI- TOF-MS could identify new serum biomarkers in RA. Combined with ANN, it provides high sensitivity and specificity for RA diagnosis.

Genetic Characterization and Antigenic Analysis of Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase Glycoprotein of Newcastle Disease Virus Isolates / 微生物学通报

Twenty Newcastle disease virus(NDV)strains were isolated from diseased chicken and geese in field outbreaks during 2005 and 2006 in some regions of Jiangsu and Guangxi,and the antigenic analysis of the all NDV isolates had been done based on the reaction spectrum with a panel of monoclonal antibodies to the HN glycoprotein.The entire ORFs encoding HN protein of these NDV isolates were amplified by RT-PCR successfully,cloned and sequenced.The resultant sequences of HN genes of 13 isolates of chicken origin and 7 isolates of goose origin were gained and analyzed.The results of reaction spectrum showed that there were some distinct differences in the antigenic epitopes among the 20 NDV isolates.And the sequences revealed that the coding regions of the HN genes of these isolates all consisted of 1716 nt characteristic of virulent strains of NDV,coding for 571 amino acids.Neucleotides sequence homology were found to be from 94.8%to 100%among 18 NDV isolates of genotypeⅦ,and the neucleotides sequence homology between all the isolates and the other genotypeⅦstrains of recent years in China ranged from 92.1%to 99.6%.The deduced amino acid sequences and the receptor-binding regions of HN proteins between the NDV isolates of chicken origin and of goose origin were compared and analyzed.The results showed that some unique amino acid substitutions were found in the genome of the NDV isolates,and the close genetic similarity provided evidence for epidemiological linkage between the NDV isolates of chicken origin and of goose origin in the same period.