Comparison of active components in different parts of Perilla frutescens and its pharmacological effects / 中国中药杂志

Perilla frutescens is a widely used medicinal and edible plant with a rich chemical composition throughout its whole plant. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia categorizes P. frutescens leaves(Perillae Folium), seeds(Perillae Fructus), and stems(Perillae Caulis) as three distinct medicinal parts due to the differences in types and content of active components. Over 350 different bioactive compounds have been reported so far, including volatile oils, flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenes, sterols, and fatty acids. Due to the complexity of its chemical composition, P. frutescens exhibits diverse pharmacological effects, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antidepressant, and antitumor activities. While scholars have conducted a substantial amount of research on different parts of P. frutescens, including analysis of their chemical components and pharmacological mechanisms of action, there has yet to be a systematic comparison and summary of chemical components, pharmacological effects, and mechanisms of action. Therefore, this study overviewed the chemical composition and structures of Perillae Folium, Perillae Fructus, and Perillae Caulis, and summarized the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of P. frutescens to provide a reference for better development and utilization of this valuable plant.

Fast Identification Analysis on Chemical Constituents in Mori Folium by Using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS Method / 中国中医药信息杂志

Obejective To conduct fast identification analysis on chemical constituents of Mori Folium UPLC-Q-TOF/MS method.Methods ACQUITY UPLC-Q-TOF/MS spectrometer was used, acetonitrile and water (containing 0.1％ formic acid) as mobile phase with gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min, with ESI negative ion mode detection, data analysis with Masslynx4.1 software.Results According to the retention time provided by the mass spectrometry, the exact molecular weight and the secondary mass spectrometry were used to analyze the fragments by referring to literature, and 19 chemical constituents of Mori Folium were identified and deduced.Conclusion The method can analyze the chemical constituents of Mori Folium rapidly, sensitively and comprehensively, and provide the basis for the study of the pharmacological basis of Mori Folium.

Study on dispensability of Chinese materia medica pharmaceutical system based on supramolecular imprinting template characteristics / 中草药

According to foundations of previous explications of basic theories of the Chinese materia medica (CMM) with supramolecular chemistry as “Qi chromatograpy”, we further analyzed the intrinsic characteristics of supramolecular “imprinting templates” aggregation, and then discussed on aspects of the development direction, characteristics, key issues to be solved as well as countermeasures by combining the historical development of CMM preparations. Under the guidance of supramolecular theories of CMM, CMM preparations can establish the system that are originated form the materials which are of “medical elements” direction with explicit reaction on supramolecular “imprinting templates” of human body and carrying out “Qi chromatography”, and implementing the integration of determinacy for single administration and compatibility for combination applications.

A systematic review of animal and clinical studies on the use of scaffolds for urethral repair / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Replacing urethral tissue with functional scaffolds has been one of the challenging problems in the field of urethra reconstruction or repair over the last several decades. Various scaffold materials have been used in animal studies, but clinical studies on use of scaffolds for urethral repair are scarce. The aim of this study was to review recent animal and clinical studies on the use of different scaffolds for urethral repair, and to evaluate these scaffolds based on the evidence from these studies. PubMed and OVID databases were searched to identify relevant studies, in conjunction with further manual search. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were systematically evaluated. Of 555 identified studies, 38 were included for analysis. It was found that in both animal and clinical studies, scaffolds seeded with cells were used for repair of large segmental defects of the urethra, such as in tubular urethroplasty. When the defect area was small, cell-free scaffolds were more likely to be applied. A lot of pre-clinical and limited clinical evidence showed that natural or artificial materials could be used as scaffolds for urethral repair. Urinary tissue engineering is still in the immature stage, and the safety, efficacy, cost-effectiveness of the scaffolds are needed for further study.

A systematic review of animal and clinical studies on the use of scaffolds for urethral repair / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Replacing urethral tissue with functional scaffolds has been one of the challenging problems in the field of urethra reconstruction or repair over the last several decades. Various scaffold materials have been used in animal studies, but clinical studies on use of scaffolds for urethral repair are scarce. The aim of this study was to review recent animal and clinical studies on the use of different scaffolds for urethral repair, and to evaluate these scaffolds based on the evidence from these studies. PubMed and OVID databases were searched to identify relevant studies, in conjunction with further manual search. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were systematically evaluated. Of 555 identified studies, 38 were included for analysis. It was found that in both animal and clinical studies, scaffolds seeded with cells were used for repair of large segmental defects of the urethra, such as in tubular urethroplasty. When the defect area was small, cell-free scaffolds were more likely to be applied. A lot of pre-clinical and limited clinical evidence showed that natural or artificial materials could be used as scaffolds for urethral repair. Urinary tissue engineering is still in the immature stage, and the safety, efficacy, cost-effectiveness of the scaffolds are needed for further study.

Effectsof shear stress at physiological level on mechanical sensitivity, adhesion and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells in three-dimensional porous scaffold / 医用生物力学

Objective To construct the three-dimensional (3D) fluid model at the physiological level of shear stresses and study the effects of fluid shear stress (FSS) on adhesion, differentiation and mechanical sensitivity of osteoblasts. Methods The MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts cultured on β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds were subjected to various FSSs in the perfusion flow chamber for 6 hours to compare cell adhesion in FSS-loading groups and control group. Nitric oxide (NO) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were detected to compare mechanical sensitivity and cell differentiation. The FSS magnitude and distributions corresponding to various fluid rates were calculated with nonlinear fluid-structure coupling analysis. Results Cell adhesion rate was up to 74%~81% when the average FSS magnitude was lower than 0.4 Pa, but reduced to 60.22% when the average FSS was 0.41 Pa. The NO production rate reached the maximal concentration after loading for 5 min, then significantly reduced at 15 min, and gradually diminished to none at 30 min. ALP level significantly increased (P0.05) with the increase of shear stress. Conclusions Majority of the cells kept a normal adherence to the scaffold at the physiological level of shear stresses. The mechanical sensitivity of the cells under 3D condition was dependent on the FSS rate, which was consistent with two-dimensional (2D) condition. When the average FSS was lower than 0.304 Pa in the scaffold, FSS could significantly promote cell differentiation, but no significant change in cell differentiation could be found when FSS was higher than 0.304 Pa. The present study is expected to accelerate the realization of bone tissue engineering.

Numerical computation on the scaffolds models with regular square holes using nonlinear fluid-solid-coupling approaches / 医用生物力学

Objective The influencing parameters of solid and fluid computing fields for the scaffolds models with regular square holes were discussed by nonlinear fluid-solid-coupling approaches.The numerical computational resuits of which the models were regarded as both rigid body and non-linear elasticity were compared as well.Method One direct fluid-solid-coupling approach and two indirect fluid-solid-coupling approaches were adopted,and the calculating reliability of three kinds of fluid-solid coupling methods was verified.Rasults The solid-fluidcoupling computational results are obtained in light of 12 kinds of scaffolds models which are constructed by 3 groups of square side length(50,100 and 150 μm)and 4 groups of porosity(61%,65%,77%and 84%).The field parameters of those solid models including stress,strain and displacement and those fluid models including static pressure,velocity,wall shear stress and strain rate are achieved and compared.Conclusion There appear some difference between the results of porous scaffold models as a rigid body and as non-linear elasticity.The different porosity with the same pore radius or the different pore radius with the same porosity would affect the field parameters of solid models and fluid models in varying degrees.

Numerical computation on the scaffolds models with regular square holes using nonlinear fluid-solid-coupling approaches / 医用生物力学

Objective The influencing parameters of solid and fluid computing fields for the scaffolds models with regular square holes were discussed by nonlinear fluid-solid-coupling approaches.The numerical computational resuits of which the models were regarded as both rigid body and non-linear elasticity were compared as well.Method One direct fluid-solid-coupling approach and two indirect fluid-solid-coupling approaches were adopted,and the calculating reliability of three kinds of fluid-solid coupling methods was verified.Rasults The solid-fluidcoupling computational results are obtained in light of 12 kinds of scaffolds models which are constructed by 3 groups of square side length(50,100 and 150 μm)and 4 groups of porosity(61%,65%,77%and 84%).The field parameters of those solid models including stress,strain and displacement and those fluid models including static pressure,velocity,wall shear stress and strain rate are achieved and compared.Conclusion There appear some difference between the results of porous scaffold models as a rigid body and as non-linear elasticity.The different porosity with the same pore radius or the different pore radius with the same porosity would affect the field parameters of solid models and fluid models in varying degrees.

Numerical computation on the scaffolds models with regular square holes using nonlinear fluid-solid-coupling approaches / 医用生物力学

Objective The influencing parameters of solid and fluid computing fields for the scaffolds models with regular square holes were discussed by nonlinear fluid-solid-coupling approaches, the numerical computational results of which the models were regarded as both rigid body and non-linear elasticity were compared as well. Method one direct fluid-solid-coupling approach and two indirect fluid-solid-coupling approaches were adopted, and the calculating reliability of three kinds of fluid-solid coupling methods were verified. Results The solid-fluid-coupling computational results are obtained in light of 12 kinds of scaffolds which were constructed by 3 groups of square side length (50,100 and 150μm) and 4 groups of porosity (61%,65%,77% and 84%). The field parameters of those solid models including stress, strain and displacement and those fluid models including static pressure, velocity, wall shear stress and strain rate are achieved and compared.Conclusions A quiet difference between the results of porous scaffold models as a rigid body and that of non-linear elasticity. The different porosity with the same pore radius or the different pore radius with the same porosity effected the field parameters of solid models and fluid models in varying degrees.