Dynamic changes of the PGAM1 expression in the mouse testis exposed to single heat stress / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the expression of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) in the mouse testis after exposure to single heat stress (SHS).@*METHODS@#We randomly assigned 32 C57 male mice to an SHS (n = 16) and a control group (n = 16), the former bathed in water at 43 ℃ and the latter at 25 ℃ for 15 minutes. At 1 and 7 days after exposure, we harvested the testicular tissue for observation of the morphological changes of testicular cells by HE staining and determination of the location and expression of the PGAM1 protein by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The testis volume of the mice were reduced significantly, the spermatogenic tubules were disorganized, and the cells were reduced in number after heat stress and basically disappeared after 7 days. Immunohistochemistry showed extensive expression of the PGAM1 protein in the testicular spermatogenic tubules of the SHS-exposed mice, significantly higher than in the control group at 1 day after exposure, which was down-regulated in the testis tissue at 7 days, but still markedly higher than that in the control. Western blot exhibited significantly up-regulated expression of the PGAM1 protein after heat stress compared with that in the control group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The expression of the PGAM1 protein undergoes dynamic changes in the mouse testis after exposed to single heat stress, which is related to heat stress-induced proliferation and division of testicular spermatogenic cells.

Fingerprint Analysis of Bupleurum chinense Roots from Different Origins by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: The fingerprint of Bupleurum chinense roots was developed with ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC/Q-TOF-MS),the main chromatographic peaks were preliminary identified,and combined with principal component analysis(PCA) pattern recognition method to evaluate the quality of this herb from different origins. Method: The chromatographic separation was performed on a ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18 column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm) with a gradient elution of acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid aqueous solution.The mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization(ESI) was used as detector and operated under the negative ion mode.Taking mass spectrometry data processing software of PeakView 1.2 and metabolomics analysis software of MarkerView 1.2.1,the different origins of B. chinense roots were analyzed by PCA. Result: The fingerprint of B. chinense roots was established within 35 min by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS.The samples from different origins were apparently classified by PCA.Eight compounds with significant differences were screened out,and the structures of three of them were identified as 3″-O-acetyl saikosaponin A,3″-O-acetyl saikosaponin D,6″-O-acetyl saikosaponin D. Conclusion: UPLC/Q-TOF-MS can be used for the rapid identification of fingerprint of B. chinense roots from different origins.IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 and PCA can comprehensively distinguish the differences of chemical components in B. chinense roots from different origins and can be used to evaluate the quality of this herb.

Role of exosome-associated microRNA in diagnostic and therapeutic applications to metabolic disorders / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Metabolic disorders are classified clinically as a complex and varied group of diseases including metabolic syndrome, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Fat toxicity, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress, which may change cellular functions, are considered to play an essential role in the pathogenetic progress of metabolic disorders. Recent studies have found that cells secrete nanoscale vesicles containing proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and membrane receptors, which mediate signal transduction and material transport to neighboring and distant cells. Exosomes, one type of such vesicles, are reported to participate in multiple pathological processes including tumor metastasis, atherosclerosis, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance. Research on exosomes has focused mainly on the proteins they contain, but recently the function of exosome-associated microRNA has drawn a lot of attention. Exosome-associated microRNAs regulate the physiological function and pathological processes of metabolic disorders. They may also be useful as novel diagnostics and therapeutics given their special features of non-immunogenicity and quick extraction. In this paper, we summarize the structure, content, and functions of exosomes and the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of exosome-associated microRNAs in the treatment of metabolic disorders.

Complete mesocolic excision in right hemicolectomy: comparison between hand-assisted laparoscopic and open approaches

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the feasibility, safety, and technical strategies of hand-assisted laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision (HAL-CME) and to compare oncological outcomes between HAL-CME and the open approach (O-CME) for right colon cancers. METHODS: Patients who were scheduled to undergo a right hemicolectomy were divided into HAL-CME and O-CME groups. Measured outcomes included demographic variables, perioperative parameters, and follow-up data. Demographic variables included age, sex distribution, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification, previous abdominal surgery, tumor localization, and potential comorbidities. Perioperative parameters included incision length, operative time, blood loss, conversion rate, postoperative pain score, postoperative first passage of flatus, duration of hospital stay, total cost, number of lymph nodes retrieved, TNM classification, and postoperative complications. Follow-up data included follow-up time, use of chemotherapy, local recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate, and short-term survival rate. RESULTS: In total, 150 patients (HAL-CME, 78; O-CME, 72) were included. The groups were similar in age, sex distribution, BMI, ASA classification, history of previous abdominal surgeries, tumor localization, and potential comorbidities. Patients in the HAL-CME group had shorter incision lengths, longer operative times, less operative blood loss, lower pain scores, earlier first passage of flatus, shorter hospital stay, higher total costs, similar numbers of lymph nodes retrieved, similar TNM classifications, and a comparable incidence of postoperative complications. The 2 groups were also similar in local recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate, and short-term survival rate. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that the HAL-CME procedure is a safe, valid, and feasible surgical method for right hemicolon cancers.

Treatment of antipsychotics induced mild hepatic damage by Dangfei Liganning Tablet: an efficacy observation / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic efficacy of Dangfei Liganning Tablet (DLT) in the treatment of antipsychotics induced mild hepatic damage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 80 mental inpatients with antipsychotics induced mild liver injury were randomly assigned to two groups, the treatment group (40 cases) and the control group (40 cases). Patients in the treatment group took DLT, two tablets each time, three times per day, while those in the control group took Liver-protecting Tablet (LT), four tablets each time, three times per day. The treatment course was 4 weeks for all. Changes of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (AST) were observed before treatment, week 1, 2, and 4 after treatment. The therapeutic efficacy was compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the former time point, ALT and AST gradually decreased in the two groups at week 1, 2, and 4 (P <0. 05). The cured rate was 72. 5% and the total effective rate was 97. 5% in the treatment group. They were 62. 5% and 90. 0% respectively in the control group. There was no statistical difference in the two indices between the two group (P >0.05). No obvious adverse reaction occurred in the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DLT could treat antipsychotics induced mild hepatic damage in a safe and effective way.</p>

Effects of partial portal vein arterialization on liver regeneration after hepatectomy in minipigs with obstructive jaundice / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor that is difficult to cure. The aim of this study was to observe the effects of flow-controlled partial portal vein arterializations (PPVA) on liver regeneration after hepatectomy in minipigs with chronic obstructive jaundice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eight minipigs were made into chronic obstructive jaundice models. United semi-hepatectomy, which imitates extended radical surgery for treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma, was then performed. The eight minipigs were randomly divided into groups A and B (n = 4 minipigs each). PPVA was performed in Group A but not in Group B. The effects of flow-controlled PPVA on live regeneration after hepatectomy were observed for 30 days after hepatectomy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The portal vein PO(2) at the immediate time point and on postoperative day 30 was higher in Group A ((47.33 ± 2.43) and (48.50 ± 4.44) mmHg) than in Group B ((35.38 ± 4.06) and (35.55 ± 2.55) mmHg respectively, all P < 0.01). The mitotic index of liver cells on postoperative days 14 and 21 was higher in Group A (12.55% ± 2.85% and 15.25% ± 1.99% respectively) than in Group B (6.85% ± 2.10% and 11.88% ± 1.15% respectively, all P < 0.05). The regeneration rate of residual liver on postoperative days 14 and 21 was higher in Group A (24.56% ± 6.15% and 70.63% ± 9.83% respectively) than in Group B (11.96% ± 5.43% and 44.92% ± 7.42% respectively, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Flow-controlled PPVA can promote liver regeneration after hepatectomy and prevent liver failure in minipigs with chronic obstructive jaundice.</p>

Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery in radical resection of rectal cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the application experience and clinical effects of hand-assisted laparoscopic radical resection for rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 156 patients with rectal cancer treated with hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery between August 2009 and April 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The operative procedures of 156 patients were completed successfully and 1 case was converted to laparotomy (0.6%). The mean operation time was (125 ± 35) minutes; the mean intraoperative blood loss was (118 ± 60) ml; the mean time of bowel function recovery was (60 ± 8) hours; the median postoperative hospital stay was (9.5 ± 2.2) days. The mean number of lymph nodes dissection was (14 ± 5). Five patients (3.2%) had postoperative complications. All the patients were followed up. There had been no local recurrence or trocar site implantation metastasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery approach for the curative resection of rectal cancer is safe and effective and has broad prospects in clinical application.</p>

Absorbable bandage wrapping in treatment of severe blast liver injury: a miniature swine model / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The aim of this research was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of absorbable bandage wrapping in the treatment of cases of severe liver trauma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Electric firecrackers were detonated in 16 miniature swine to produce a severe blast liver injury. After fluid resuscitation, the animals were randomly divided into two groups (n = 8 each) and were either treated with absorbable bandage wrapping of the injured lobe of liver (Group B) or hepatic lobectomy (Group H). Time to hemostasis, blood loss during the treatment period, and other parameters were compared, including postoperative serum total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Blood loss during the treatment period was significantly lower in Group B than that in Group H ((81.3 ± 26.0) ml vs. (130.8 ± 29.5) ml, P = 0.0031). Serum AST and ALT were transiently increased post-surgically. These transient increases were significantly higher in Group B. No difference in time to hemostasis was noted ((8.70 ± 2.27) minutes vs. (10.28 ± 1.93) minutes, P = 0.1559) in Groups B and H, respectively. Two pigs were humanely euthanized 28 days post-surgically and the wrapped liver lobes appeared atrophies. Microscopically, there was evidence of emerging and mature fibrous tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Absorbable bandage wrapping is both feasible and effective in the treatment of severe blast liver injury.</p>

Preparation and in vitro drug release performance of morphine-loaded chitosan microspheres / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare morphine-loaded chitosan microspheres by emulsion ionic cross-linking and investigate the effect of initial morphine quantity and different cross-linking degrees on drug loading, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chitosan (with a relative molecular mass of 50,000 and deacetylation degree no less than 90%) at 100 mg and morphine at 20, 30, 40, or 50 mg were dissolved by 2% acetate and dripped slowly into 15 ml soy-bean oil containing 0.75 ml Span80. After full emulsification at 35 degrees C; for 1.5 h, the mixture was dripped slowly into sodium tripolyphosphate (10 mg/ml) at the mass ratio of 5:1, 7:1, or 9:1 to allow cross-linking for 2 h. The drug loading, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release of the preparations were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The drug loading in the microsphere increased while the encapsulation efficiency reduced with the increment of the initial morphine quantity. High cross-linking degree resulted in prolonged release time of the drug loaded in the preparations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The microspheres loaded with morphine allows sustained release of morphine.</p>

Observation of post-operation endometriosis treated by combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the effect of combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine on the treatment of post-operation endometriosis.Methods 60 cases with post-operation endometriosis were randomly divided into two groups.Patients in control group(n=30)were treated only by routine therapy (gestrinone twice a week).Patients in treatment group(n=30)were treated by combination of traditional Chinese medicinc(a decoction promoting blood flow)and western medicine.The effects were observed before and after treat- merit in both groups for 3 months.Results The accumulative total recurrence rate in treatment group(13.33 %) was lower than that in control group(30.00%,P

The value of orthotopic liver transplantation in the treatment of Klatskin tumor / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To document the indication and value of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for the patient with Klatskin tumor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty patients of Klatskin tumors, including 5 patients with liver transplantation (LTx) and 35 without LTx (WLTx) from Jan 1992 to Dec 2003 were enrolled for analysis retrospectively. The TNM stages were comparable in both groups. In LTx group, 4 patients were Klatskin tumor including 1 recurrence 5 months later after resection, and 1 cancerization from Caroli's disease. Biliary duct anastomosis was performed by Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy in two, end-to-end choledochocholedochostomy in 3 cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In LTx group, the total resection rate and radical resection rate were both 100%. Four cases survived for 48, 38, 21 and 5 months, respectively, except that the other one died from bile leakage at the 40th day after transplantation. All 4 survivors had good life quality without tumor in local or distant site, even though 3 of 4 cases developed biliary stricture, which was cured by radiological intervention therapy. The overall 1, 3-year survival rates were both 4/5 in LTx. The total resection rate and radical resection rate in the WLTx group were 63.0% (17/27) and 40.7% (11/27) and, the 1, 3, 5-year survival rates were 32.2%, 8.0% and 0, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups in radical resection rate and survival rate (P = 0.016). In the routine radical resection group, the 1, 3-year survival rates were 54.5% (6/11) and 18.% (2/11), which were not significantly different from those in LTx.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>OLT is a good choice for the patients with advanced stage of unresectable Klatskin tumor by routine modalities, and the prognosis was exciting.</p>

Arresten expressed in vivo suppresses the growth of SGC-7901 tumor xenografts in nude mice / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the inhibitory effect of arresten on the growth of SGC-7901 tumor xenograft nude mice model with the localized expression of arresten.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The secretable eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 (+)-ss-arresten was constructed by molecular clone strategy, and then was transfected into human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 using liposome. The Western blot method was used to examine whether the protein was secreted into cell medium, and the biological behaviors of genetically modified SGC-7901 cell clone was further investigated with MTT and flow cytometry analysis system (FCAS). At last, the SGC-7901 cells expressing arresten were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice, and the weights of tumor xenografts were recorded and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The eukaryotic expression vector containing secretable arresten cDNA was constructed successfully. The SGC-7901 cell line with the character of expression of arresten was obtained. The growth of arresten cDNA genetic-modified SGC-7901 tumor xenograft was suppressed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The anti-tumor effect of arresten in the SGC-7901 xenograft is by inhibition of the proliferation of vascular endothelial cell of the tumor.</p>