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Home environment assessment tools for people with disabilities can be classfied into those based on classical test theory and item response theory. This paper reviewed the content, methods, target population, reliability and validity of the two types of home environment assessment tools and summarized their advantages and disadvantages.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of bone metastases in colorectal cancer patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 104 cases of colorectal cancer with bone metastasis were collected and retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among all the 104 patients included, 45 (43.3%) patients had multiple bone metastases, and 59 (56.7%) patients had single bone metastasis. Pelvis (46.1%) was the most common site, followed by thoracic vertebrae (41.3%), lumbar vertebrae (40.4%), sacral vertebrae (29.8%) and ribs (29.8%). One hundred and two patients (98.1%) were complicated with other organ metastases. The median time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to bone metastasis was 16 months, and the median time from bone metastasis to first skeletal-related events (SREs) was 1 month. The most common skeletal-related events (SREs) were the need for radiotherapy (44.2%), severe bone pain (15.4%) and pathologic fracture (9.6%). The median survival time of patients with bone metastases was 10.0 months, and 8.5 months for patients with SREs. ECOG score, systemic chemotherapy and bisphosphonate therapy were prognostic factors by univariate analysis (all P < 0.05). ECOG score and systemic chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors by Cox multivariate analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Bone metastasis in colorectal cancer patients has a poor prognosis and the use of chemotherapy and bisphosphonates may have a benefit for their survival.</p>
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Usos Terapêuticos , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea , Usos Terapêuticos , Neoplasias Ósseas , Tratamento Farmacológico , Radioterapia , Neoplasias Colorretais , Tratamento Farmacológico , Patologia , Radioterapia , Cirurgia Geral , Difosfonatos , Usos Terapêuticos , Seguimentos , Fraturas Ósseas , Vértebras Lombares , Patologia , Dor , Ossos Pélvicos , Patologia , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Costelas , Patologia , Sacro , Patologia , Compressão da Medula Espinal , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral , Tratamento Farmacológico , Radioterapia , Vértebras Torácicas , PatologiaRESUMO
An HPLC method was established for the determination of the related substance in erdosteine. Waters ODS-SunFire (250 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 5 microm) column was used, the mobile phase was composed of methanol-acetonitrile-0.01 mol x L(-1) citric acid (20:4:76, the pH value was adjusted by triethylamine to 2.5). The flow rate was 1 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength was 254 nm. The related substances in the sample of erdosteine taken were calculated by self control with or without the response factor of impurity relative to that of erdosteine. Under the chromatographic condition developed, the impurities in erdosteine were isolated well. The detection limit was 0.2 microg x mL(-1) (signal/noise = 3) by principal component calculated. The method can be adopted to control the related substances in erdosteine.