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Objective:To establish a hyperuricemia rat model through the high temperature-humidity treatment, and monitor its vital signs and biochemical indicator characteristics, as well as observe the changes of renal histomorphology and ultrastructure.Methods:Male SD rats were randomly divided into control(CON) group, potassium oxonate(PO) group and high temperature-humidity(HTH) group, 6 rats each. The experiment lasted for 6 consecutive weeks. Rats from PO group was given 250 mg/kg PO by gavage every day. The rats from HTH group were treated with a special thermostatic incubator for one hour each day after gavaging 250 mg/kg PO. Serum uric acid, creatinine and other indicators were detected every 2 weeks. After 6 weeks, the kidney tissues were collected. The morphological changes and urate crystal deposition of kidney tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson′s trichrome staining and gomori staining, while the ultramicrostructural changes of kidney were observed by transmission electron microscope.Results:Two weeks after the experiment, the average serum uric acid values of PO group and HTH group increased significantly, HTH group was higher than PO and CON groups[(133.9±17.8), (107.6±12.4), and (85.7±4.1) μmol/L, P=0.001]. And after 6 weeks, the HTH group was still higher than the other two groups[(115.1±27.8), (82.7±13.9), and (72.9±17.8) μmol/L, P=0.008). The average serum creatinine in HTH group was slightly higher than that in PO group and CON group at 6 weeks[(46.2±4.7), (38.1±6.0), and (28.3±6.3) μmol/L, P=0.001]. Light microscope showed partial renal tubular dilatation in PO group, but renal tubular epithelial cells swelling and inflammatory cells infiltration were more significant in HTH group. The ultrastructural changes such as glomerular podocyte swelling were found in HTH group by transmission electron microscope. Conclusion:In this study, we had successfully established a hyperuricemia rat model by simulating the high temperature-humidity environment combined with potassium oxyzinate after 2 weeks of experiment. After 6 weeks of modeling, it was found that the high temperature-humidity induced rat models possessed a relatively higher and stabler serum uric acid level than that of the traditional chemical medicine induced rats. The method can be applied to the research of pathogenesis and pharmacotherapy of hyperuricemia caused by high temperature-humidity environment.
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Objective To understand the cross-resistance of Culex pipiens pallens to common pesticides,so as to provide the evidence for improving the application of chemical pesticides. Methods The IV instar larvae of DDVP-resistant,propoxur-resistant and cypermethrin-resistant strains as well as the sensitive strain of Culex pipiens pallens were collected to detect the re-sistance to DDVP,propoxur and cypermethrin based on the WHO bioassay method. Results The resistance coefficients of DDVP-resistant strain to DDVP,propoxur and cypermethrin were 14.47,8.96 and 207.27 respectively. The resistance coeffi-cients of propoxur-resistant strain to DDVP,propoxur and cypermethrin were 3.27,6.93 and 8.65 respectively. The resistance coefficients of cypermethrin-resistant strain to DDVP,propoxur and cypermethrin were 2.93,1.61 and 501.11 respectively. Con-clusion The resistance and cross-resistance could be generated during the long-term application of a single kind of chemical pesticide,and we should pay more attention to the varieties and dosages of them.
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Objective To study the changes of cerebral function and pathological morphology before and after the antiparasit-ic treatment with albendazole and praziquantel in patients with cerebral cysticercosis. Methods The data of EEG and neuroimag-ing of 412 patients with cerebral cysticercosis were retrospectively analyzed. Results Before the treatment,the mild abnormali-ty,moderate abnormality,and severe abnormality were observed in 40.53%,45.63% and 13.84% of the patients respectively, which mainly showed the diffuse or focal irregular slow waves,or epileptiform discharges found in the abnormal brain waves. CT/MRI manifestation could be divided into six types,including single sacculus type(23.59%),multiple sacculus type(44.42%), encephalitis type(13.59%),coexistence of macrocyst and sacculus type(4.85%),calcification type(2.18%),and mixed type (11.41%). After 3 courses of the treatment,the normal and improved EEGs were observed in 79.85%and 20.15%,respectively. CT/MRI showed the foci being all absorbed(77.18%),being most absorbed(20.63%),and being no changes(20.18%)which were calcified focus. When cerebral cysticercosis were in acute stage(the single and multiple sacculus type,encephalitis type, and macrocyst and sacculus coexistence type),the therapeutic effect was good;while in the mixed type,the therapeutic effect was relatively poor. If cysticercosis were in the calcification stage,the patients only needed the heteropathy. Conclusions In the pa-tients with cerebral cysticercosis,EEGs show the mild to severe abnormalities,and CT/MRI mainly shows the multiple sacculus type. After the treatment,the abnormal EEGs are gradually recovered and the low density foci can be all absorbed,but some calci-fied focus still exist in some patients.
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ObjectiveTo observe the short term efficacy and safety of cryoplasty in treatment of lower extremity arterial occlusive disease. MethodsTwenty five patients (27 limbs) scheduled for lower extremity artery balloon angioplasty were randomized to cryoplasty [ group CRYO, 10 patients with 8 male,age ( 76 ± 8 ) years]or conventional balloon angioplasty [ group COBA, 15 patients with 13 male, age ( 68 ±4) years], In CRYO group, the average lesion length and stenosis were (6.7 ±0.9) cm and, (91±6)％, respectively. The average ankle-brachial index (ABI) was 0. 46 ±0. 07 before treatment. According to Fontaine clinical stages, 7 patients (7/10) in this group were staged Ⅱ and the other 3 (3/10) were staged Ⅲ. According to Trans Atlantic Inter Society Consensus (TASC), 8 patients (8/10) were classified as TASC type A and the other 2 (2/10) were TASC type B. In COBA group, the average lesion length and stenosis were (6. 5 ± 0. 7 ) cm and ( 89 ± 7 ) ％, respectively. The average ABI was 0. 48 ± 0. 08 before treatment.According to Fontaine clinical stages, 13 patients (13/15) were stagedⅡand the other 2(2/15) were staged Ⅲ. And, according to TACS, 13 patients (13/15) were classified as TASC type A and the other 2 (2/15) were TASC type B. The clinical symptoms and signs had no significant difference between the two groups ( P ＞ 0. 05 ).Clinical status was evaluated according to Rutherford classification.The clinical efficacy on the 2nd and 30 th day after the operation was compared using analysis of variance with repeated measurements. ResultsTechnical success was achieved in all patients both in CRYO group (10/10) and in COBA group (15/15). None patient in CRYO group occurred postoperative complication.One patient in COBA group ( 1/15 ) occurred vessel wall dissection. In CRYO group, clinical status were remarkably improved in 8 patients (8/10) and moderately improved in 2 patients (2/10) ; while, in COBA group, they were remarkably improved in 13 patients ( 13/15 ) and moderately improved in 2 patients ( 2/15 ). The average ABI was 0. 84 ± 0. 04 in group CRYO and 0. 84 ± O. 05 in group COBA ( P ＝ 0. 20).The average stenosis was (29 ± 4) ％ in group CRYO and (32 ± 4) ％ in group COBA ( P ＝ 0. 55 ). No significant difference was detected between the two groups.Both the average ABI and stenosis presented statistically significant difference between pre-operation and post-operation in both groups ( P ＜ 0. 01,respectively).Conclusions Cryoplasty is safe for the treatment of lower extremity arterial occlusive disease, which showed a good short-term result in this research.