Open reduction and internal fixation with K-wires + plaster external fixation for old Gartland-Ⅲ supracondylar humeral fractures in children / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of open reduction and internal fixation with K-wires for old Gartland Ⅲ supracondylar fracture in children.Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted on 49 children with old Gartland Ⅲ supracondylar humeral fracture admitted from June 2012 to January 2017.There were 35 boys and 14 girls,with average age of 6.1 years (range,3.4-11.5 years).The duration from initial trauma to operation ranged from 22 days to 60 days (mean,29.8 days).There were five cases of radial nerve injury,one case of median nerve injury,and one case of Volkmann ischemic contracture.All patients were surgically treated with open reduction and internal fixation with K-wires + plaster external fixation.Six patients with nerve injury underwent neurological exploration and release.Nerve partial fracture was seen in one patient during operation,and nerve repair was performed.The fracture healing and complications were observed.At the final follow up,Flynn's criteria was applied to evaluate the elbow joint function.The humerus length and transverse diameter of humeral condyle between the healthy limb and the suffered one were compared to evaluate the humerus growth.Results All patients were followed up for 6-24 months,with an average of 12.5 months.All fractures were healed,with no fracture redisplacement or bone nonunion occurred.The neurological symptoms of six patients with nerve injury disappeared after two months.One patient had superficial skin infection at the incision and recovered after treatment.Six patients (12％) developed cubitus varus deformity after operation.At the final follow-up,the clinical and radiographic outcomes were assessed via Flynn's criteria,and the results were excellent in 37 patients,good in five,fair in one,and poor in six patients,with an excellent and good rate of 86％.There were no significant differences in the humerus length [(189.3 ± 27.8) mm vs.(190.6 ± 28.8) mm] and transverse diameter of humeral condylar [(29.5 ± 3.5) mm vs.(29.7 ± 3.6) mm] (P ＞ 0.05) between the healthy limb and the suffered one,respectively.Conclusion For old Gartland type Ⅲ supracondylar humeral fracture in children,open reduction and internal fixation with K-wires + plaster external fixation can attain satisfactory function recovery of elbow joint and reduce the incidence of cubitus varus deformity,without negative influence on children's humerus growth or development.

Cabozantinib inhibits Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To test the effect of the c-Met inhibitor cabozantinib in inhibiting infections by Listeria monocytogenes (LM) in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>C57BL/6 mice at 6 weeks of age were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of LM and randomized into 4 groups for treatment with intraperitoneal injection of PBS, intragastric administration of cabozantinib (20 µg/g), intraperitoneal injection of ampicillin (Amp, 20 µg/g), or cabozantinib plus Amp. The survival curves were drawn for each group, and the number of bacteria in the blood and brain tissues was determined; serum IL-10 level and NF-κB p65 level in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were assayed, and Evans Blue (EB) content and pathological changes in brain were examined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with PBS-treated mice, the mice treated with cabozantinib showed a significantly higher survival rate, lower bacterial counts in the blood and brain (P<0.05 or 0.001), lower IL-10 (P<0.05) and NF-κB p65 levels (P<0.01), lower brain EB content (P<0.001), and milder pathological changes in the brain. The blood and brain bacterial counts (P<0.001), IL-10 (P<0.01) and NF-κB p65 levels (P<0.001), and brain EB content (P<0.001) were all significantly lower in mice treated with the combination of drugs than in mice treated with cabozantinib alone.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cabozantinib can inhibit LM infection in mice and has important values in developing new anti-intracellular infection drug.</p>

Clinical efficacy of intensity modulated radiotherapy syn -chronization TP chemotherapy combined with af-terloading radiotherapy for advanced cervical cancer / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of intensity modulated radio-therapy(IMRT)syn -chronization TP chemotherapy combined with afterloading radiotherapy for advanced cervical cancer.Methods 58 cases of advanced cervical cancer patients were randomly divided into the chemotherapy combi-nation with radiotherapy(observation group,30cases)and radiotherapy alone(control group,28cases),Both groups were treated with external IMRT combined with afterloading radiotherapy,patients of the observation group were accepted concurrent chemoradiotherapy for TP regimen,and the patents of the control group were only accepted radio-therapy,the short -term curative effect,adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results The effective rate of the control group was 71.4%,which of the observation group was 83.3%.the observation group short -term curative effect was better than that of control group,with a significant difference(χ2 =4.247,P 0.05)no serious.Conclusion It can allow the patients with advanced cervi-cal cancer to benefit from the concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Clinical observation of the efficacy of intracavitary injection of endostar combined with chemotherapy on ma-lignant pleural effusion / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of intracavitary injection of endostar combined with chemotherapy of malignant pleural effusion.Methods 46 cases with malignant pleural effusion were divided into groups of intracavitary injection of endostar combined with chemotherapy of malignant pleural effusion (treatment group)and groups of intracavitary chemotherpy(control group)randomly,pleural effusion of the patients from the two groups were injected cisplatin(DDP)60mg into the thorax and 45mg of endostar,The same therapy applied to the control group except adding endostar,twice a week,in 2 -4 rounds,the efficacy and safety of the two groups were studied.Results The effective rate of the treatment groups was 58.3%,which was higher than 31.8%of the control group (χ2 =4.547,P<0.05).The improvement rate of quality of life was 75.0% in the treatment group,which was higher than 59.1% in the control group (χ2 =5.371,P<0.05).The toxicities of the treatment group were not increased significantly.Conclusion The therapy of intracavitary injection of endostar combined with chemotherapy of malignant pleural effusion is effective and secure.

Pathogenesis of uropathogenic Escherichia coli: role of outer membrane protein T and the mechanism / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the role of outer membrane protein T (OmpT) in the pathogenesis of uropathogenic Escherichia.coli.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In cultured human bladder epithelial cell line 5637, we examined the adhesion ability of wild-type (CFT073), ompT gene knockout (COTD), and revertant (pST) strains of E.coli to the cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The expressions of the adhesion gene iha and virulence gene iroN were detected by real-time PCR. Murine models of urinary tract infection with the 3 strains were established to evaluate the bacterial burden of the bladder and kidney tissue and bacterial counts in blood. We also detected the expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 in the bladder and kidney tissues of the mice.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The COTD strain showed a significantly lower cell adhesion rate than CFT073 strain [(4.62∓0.39)% vs (8.81∓1.13)%, P<0.05] with also a lower ECM-adhesion rate [(4.95∓0.59)% vs (8.85∓0.79)%, P<0.05]. The mRNA expressions of iha and iroN in CFT073 strain were 2.1 and 3.8 times that of COTD strain. In the mouse model, the mean bacterial load of CFT073 strain in the bladder tissue was 6.36∓0.06, significantly greater than that of COTD (6.01∓0.07) and revertant (6.29∓0.06) strains (P<0.05); the bacterial load of CFT073 strain in the kidney tissue was also significantly higher than that of COTD strain (6.25∓0.05 vs 5.87∓0.06, P<0.05). In mice infected with the wild-type, knockout, and revertant strains, the detection rates of IL-6, which were identical to those of IL-8, in the inflammatory bladder and kidney tissues were 60%, 12.5%, and 50%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>OmpT may regulate the expression of the adhesion gene iha and the transferrin gene iroN to affect the adhesion of uropathogenic E.coli to host cells.</p>

Role of MUC2 gene in the regulation of rat intestinal barrier function by probiotics / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate MUC2 expression in rat colons induced by probiotics and its effects on the inhibition of E.coli K1 (E44) penetration of the intestinal barrier by probiotics.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SD rats were subjected to intragastric administration of probiotics, E44, or probiotics +E44 on a daily basis for 7 days, and MUC2 expression in the colons was determined by RT-PCR. MUC2-targeted shRNA (shRNA MUC2) and scrambled shRNA plasmids (shRNA NC) were respectively transfected into Lovo cells, and the efficiency of MUC2 knockdown was determined using qRT-PCR. Competitive exclusion assay was used to evaluate the effects of the probiotics against E44 adhesion and invasion.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Intestinal MUC2 mRNA expression was up-regulated in the rats after intragastric administration of probiotics, while E44 administration caused significantly lowered MUC2 expression. MUC2 expression was down-regulated (by 66.7%) by transfection with shRNA MUC2 in Lovo cells as compared with the negative control and mock control cells. The inhibition of E44 adherence and invasion by probiotics was significantly attenuated in transfected Lovo cell culture (in which the relative adhesion and invasion rates of E44 were 56.64% and 66.64%, respectively) as compared with those in the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The up-regulation of MUC2 in rat colons can be one of the mechanisms of the probiotics in antagonizing the translocation of the pathogenic bacteria. Silencing MUC2 expression causes attenuated inhibitory effect of the probiotics on E. coli K1 penetration across human intestinal epithelial cells.</p>

Construction and functional studies of uropathogenic E. coli strains with ompT gene knockout / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of ompT gene in uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) CFT073 strain in urinary tract infection (UTI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An ompT deletion mutant (COTD) was generated by λ Red recombineering in the UPEC CFT073 strain, which was characterized by PCR and sequencing. C57B/L6 mouse models of acute UTI with the mutant and wild-type strains were established to compare the colonization abilities of the two strains in the bladder. The adhesion of CFT073 mutant to human unthelial 5637 cells was also investigated in vitro.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PCR and DNA sequencing confirmed the loss of ompT gene in the mutant COTD. The in vitro adhesion rate of the mutant strain COTD to 5637 cells was (6.7±2.2)%, significantly lower than that of (8.3±1.9)% of the wild-type strain (P<0.05). In the murine models of acute UTI, the mutant strain showed a mean colonization number of about (17±8)×10⁴ cfu, which was significantly lower than that of (7∓2)×10⁵ cfu of the wide-type CFT073 strain (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>OmpT gene can be involved in the colonization of UPEC in the bladder tissue and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UPEC-induced UTI.</p>

Chinese medicine for acute upper respiratory tract infection: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials / 中西医结合学报

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for acute upper respiratory tract infection (common cold).

Screening of antigenic epitope of neutrophil-activating protein of Helicobacter pylori by phage display peptide Hbrary / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To identify epitope of neutrophil-activating protein(NAP) of Helicobacter pylori(Hp).Methods Using the mouse monoclonal antibodies against NAP as selective molecular and immunoscrcening phage-display random 7-peptides library.The positive clones were sequenced and analyzed.Phage clones were chosen to immunize mice and to evaluate the potential of phagotopes as effective vaccines.Results One mimotope(FAHLATQ)showed a good match with the NAP at 140-143 AA(AHLA)and the serum of mice induced by the phage clone clearly recognized NAP.Conclusion This study suggests thatthe antigenic epitope could be mapped through screening the phage-display peptide library with monoclonalantibody and a mimotopo of NAP providing an ahernative approach for the diagnosis and development of avaccine for Hp.

The Evolution of Echinoderm Immunology / 生物化学与生物物理进展

Echinoderms are deuterostome, and occupy the top taxonomic position of invertebrates, where is the evolutionary linkage between invertebrates and vertebrates.This is a critical phylogenetic vantage point to infer both the early evolution of bilaterian immunity and the underpinnings of the vertebrate adaptive immune system.The available published literatures on echinoderm immunological mechanisms are compiled and discussed here to understand its evolution process and the hot spots or directions in future investigations.Echinoderms have an innate immune system like vertebrates but their adaptive attributes have not been observed.Its immune responses are based on coelomocytes activity working in parallel with a variety of humoral factors that react directly with invading pathogens.Comparative studies of immune functions in echinoderms have demonstrated that there is a complement system in echinoderms that appears to have alternative pathway and lectin pathway but lack classical pathway and terminal pathway.The sea urchin innate immune system has a number of large gene families.Further investigations are needed to understand the unknown immune-associated genes, proteins, immune signaling pathways and effector molecules, and to know the origin, the underlying mechanisms and evolution of innate immune system.

Study on all-round evaluation of biocompatibility of biomaterial / 生物医学工程学杂志

Biocompatibility has always been the focal point in the study of biomaterials applied to medical apparatus. But at present, the standard system hasn't formed completely to evaluate the biomaterials. In recent years scientists tend to use general standard of evaluation. In this article, based on the recalcification time, the adhesion of platelets as well as the total quantity of plasma protein and some other evidences, combining with the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the method of general evaluation on the biocompatibility of anticoagulant biomaterials was discussed.

Acupuncture Treatment of 51 Cases of Menopausal Perspiration / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Fifty-one cases of menopause syndrome were randomly divided into three groups, 21 cases in the acupuncture and cupping group, 10 cases in the acupuncture group, and 20 cases in the ear acupuncture group, and were respectively treated by acupuncture plus cupping therapy, acupuncture,and ear acupuncture. The total effective rate was respectively 80.9%, 20.0% and 80.0%. The therapeutic effect was better in the treatment of menopause syndrome by acupuncture plus cupping therapy than by single acupuncture treatment or ear acupuncture (P＜0.05).

THE STUDY OF HUMAN PARVOVIRUS B19 INFECTION IN PERINATAL TRANSMISSION AND ABNORMAL FETUSES AND NEONATES IN GUANGDONG / 中国人兽共患病学报

This study was undertaken to investigate mother-to-infant transmission of human parvovirus B19 and the significance of prevalence of B19 virus in abnormal fetuses in Guandong. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)was established to detect parvovirus B19 DNA in 700 sera from 350 maternal-infant pair groups. The prevalence of B19 virus DNA was 1.14％ (4/350)and 0.28％(1/350)in the sera of pregnant women and cord blood of their neonates respectively. Parvovirus B19 DNA sequences were also detected in abnormal fetuses and new-born by PCR. The positive results were obtained in 5 samples of fetal tissues from 17 abnormal fetuses and in 3 those of neonatal tissues from 7 cases of neonatal death. The amplified products of PCR were identified to be the target DNA with Hae Ⅲ digestion. By in situ hybridization ,parvovirus DNA could be detected mainly in the nuclei of immature hematopoetic cells within fetal brain or spleen whose PCR tests were positive. The study results suggest that human parvovirus B19 infection does exist in maternal-infant transmission in Guangdong and might lead to harm on fetuses,but the prevalence rate of B19 virus may be very low. The evaluation of B19 virus infection might depend on reliable assay to determine present infection or past infection.

TOPOGRAPHICAL ORGANIZATION OF THE LOCUS COERULEUS-SPINAL PROJECTIONS IN RAT——A FLUORESCENCE HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY COMBINED WITH HRP METHOD / 解剖学报

After HRP was injected into the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral segments of the spinal cord of the rat, the spinal projections of the locus coeruleus were studied by means of fluorescence histochemistry. The NAergic fibers arising from the locus coeruleus (LC) projected to the various levels of the spinal cord, and the topographical organization was observed, the neurons of the LC-spinal projections were located predominantly in the ventral part of the LC, but a few cells were also found in the dorsal part which projected to the cervical cord. The neurons projecting to the cervical cord from the LC were mainly located in the caudal part of the LC and the neurons projecting to the sacral cord were mainly located in the rostral part of the LC, but some overlapping existed.