Interpretation of the key points of the 2022 White Paper on the Quality of Life of Chinese Lung Cancer Patients / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Recently, sponsored by the Science Popularization Department of the China Anti Cancer Association, jointly organized by the Rehabilitation Branch of the China Anti Cancer Association and the Mijian Digital Cancer Patient Course Management Platform, and co-organized by the Science Popularization Special Committee of the China Anti Cancer Association, The "2022 White Paper on the Quality of Life of Chinese Lung Cancer Patients" has been officially released (herein after referred to as the "White Paper"), which mainly elaborates on the basic situation of Chinese lung cancer patients and the medical, social, and economic impacts caused by the disease. This article interprets the White Paper in order to help the public understand the real situation of lung cancer patients and provide important empirical evidence and valuable insights for the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of lung cancer in China.

The influence of different interventional injection routes of raltitrexed on the liver function, histology and pharmacokinetics in experimental rabbits / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To assess the influence of different interventional injection routes of raltitrexed on the liver function, histology and pharmacokinetics in experimental rabbits, and to discuss the feasibility, safety and advantages of local application of raltitrexed. Methods A total of 25 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly and equally divided into 5 groups with 5 rabbits in each group: group A (using peripheral intravenous injection), group B (employing hepatic arterial infusion), group C (adopting hepatic artery embolization with Lipiodol), group D (hepatic artery embolization with gelfoam particles), and group E (direct puncture of liver and injection). Clinical equivalent dose (0. 17 mg/kg) raltitrexed injection was given to each experimental rabbit. At 5, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min after the treatment, venous blood sample was collected for pharmacokinetic analysis. At 6 h and one week after administration of drug, liver functions were tested, and histological specimens of liver tissues were made at the same time. Results The peripheral blood drug concentrations at 5 and 60 min in group A were 0. 91 μg/mL and 0 μg/mL respectively, at 5 and 180 min in group B were 1. 73 μg/mL and 0. 37 μg/mL respectively, at 5 and 180 min in group C were 0. 82 μg/mL and 0. 08 μg/mL respectively, at 5 and 180 min in group D were 0. 94 μg/mL and 0. 08 μg/mL, and at 5 and 60 min in group E were 0. 39 μg/mL and 0. 13 μg/mL respectively. Six hours after administration of drug, the serum levels of AST, ALT in group C, group D and group E were significantly increased (P＜0. 0l), which returned to normal levels in one week after the treatment. The severity of liver tissue degeneration and necrosis detected in each group varied, in a severity - decreasing order, from group E, group C, group D, group B and group A. In group E, the surrounding normal liver tissue had no obvious necrosis. Conclusion The rabbit' s liver has no significant first pass elimination effect to raltitrexed. The equivalent dose of raltitrexed administered through the hepatic artery can cause obvious hepatocellular injury. Direct puncture and injection produce limited liver injury. Clinically, the dose of raltitrexed can be adjusted based on the degree of super selective catheterization condition and tumor size. (J Intervent Radiol, 2018, 27:247-251)

Safety and efficacy of transcatheter arterial angiography and embolization for endoscopic refractory gastrointestinal bleeding / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic value and safety of transcatheter arterial angiography and embolization in patients with endoscopic refractory gastrointestinal bleeding.Methods Thirty-one cases of endoscopic refractory gastrointestinal bleeding were performed DSA and treated with transcatheter arterial angiography and embolization.The safty and efficacy was evaluated.Results Angiographic positive rate of bleeding was 80.65％ (25/31);28 cases was treated with embolization.The success rate of first embolization was 75.00％ (21/28),and the total success rate was 82.14 ％ (23/28) by the second embolization.Seven patients received surgical resection after interventional therapy,including 2 cases of jejunal stromal tumors and 5 cases of gastric malignant tumors.Four cases of gastric cancer patients underwent rebleeding within 30 days after interventional therapy,of which 2 died of heart or lung function failure due to basic diseases.Except for 1 patient of anastomotic bleeding after gastrointestinal anastomosis occurred anastomotic fistula after embolization,who recovery with the support treatment,no other cases occurred serious gastrointestinal ischemic necrosis.Conclusion Interventional diagnosis and treatment for gastrointestinal bleeding hemostasis is effective and safety,and also can achieve good results especially for malignant gastric tumor hemorrhage,which can be used for endoscopic refractory gastrointestinal bleeding patients.

Comparison of two hepatic artery catheterization routes in rabbits / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To explore the feasibility of transauricular arterial access for hepatic artery catheterization in rabbits.Methods Thirty healthy New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n =6 in each group):transauricular vein injection group , transarterial infusion group , transarterial lipiodol group , transarterial gelfoam group and transhepatic puncture group .Every rabbit was prescribed elemene (20 mg/kg) via different access in 6 minutes. All the rabbits of hepatic artery catheterization were divided into two groups according to their serial number :transauricular arterial access group (odd, n=9) and transfemoral arterial access group (even, n=9).The arterial access could be changed each other due to the failure of one technique .The catheterization time , success rate and survival rate were compared between the two groups .Venous blood collection via auricular vein or jugular vein for pharmacokinetics was performed in each rabbit .Results Technical success rates of hepatic artery catheterization were 0% ( 0/9 ) and 88.9%( 16/18 ) for transauricular and transfemoral arterial access , respectively . The time duration of transauricular and transfemoral access groups was 28.4 ±13.6 and 33.9 ±19.6 minutes, respectively (P>0.05).The survival rates of the transauricular and transfemoral access groups were 100%(9/9) and 88.9%(16/18), respectively.Blood samples were collected via auricular vein in 4 and jugular vein in 23 rabbits.Conclusions Hepatic artery catheterization via transauricular arterial access is technically not feasible , while transfemoral access is simple and suitable in rabbits .Blood collection via the jugular vein may be a more reliable and valuable method for pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits .

Loin-term outcomes and quality of Life after percutaneous lunlbar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To assess the long-term outcomes as well as the living quality of the patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) after the treatment of percutaneous lumbar discectomy (PLD), and to discuss the influential factors related to the long-term effectiveness. Methods During the period of January 2000 to March 2002, PLD was performed in 129 patients with LDH. By using self-evaluation questionnaires of Oswestry disability index (ODI), Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) through letter or telephone interviews as well as the patients' initial medical records, the related clinical data were collected. Statistical analysis was conducted by using Wilcoxon's rank sum test, Chi-square test. Results One hundred and eight patients (83.7%) were able to be followed up and 104 effective ques-tionnaires were collected. The mean follow-up time was (6.64 ± 0.67) years, the excellent rate (ODI score, 0 ～ 20%) was 71.15%. The average scores of the JOA and SF-36 was 23.66 ± 5.72 and 75.88 ± 25.57, respectively. The scores of quality of life were obviously improved in all follow-up subscales. Conventional operations were carried out subsequently in 9 patients as they failed to respond to PLD. No complications related to PLD occurred in this study. The age, course of the disease and the patient's condition at the time of discharge might bear a relationship to long-term effectiveness. Conclusion PLD is a safe and minimally-invasive technique for the treatment of LDH with quick and reliable effect, PLD can dramatically improve the quality of life. Many factors, such as the age, course of the disease and the patient's condition at the time of discharge, can affect the long-term outcomes.

Long-term outcomes and quality of life after percutaneous lumbar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To assess the long-term outcomes as well as the living quality of the patients with lumbar disc herniation(LDH) after the treatment of percutaneous lumbar discectomy(PLD),and to discuss the influential factors related to the long-term effectiveness.Methods During the period of January 2000 to March 2002,PLD was performed in 129 patients with LDH.By using self-evaluation questionnaires of Oswestry disability index(ODI),Short Form-36(SF-36) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA) through letter or telephone interviews as well as the patients’ initial medical records,the related clinical data were collected.Statistical analysis was conducted by using Wilcoxon’s rank sum test,Chi-square test.Results One hundred and eight patients(83.7%) were able to be followed up and 104 effective ques-tionnaires were collected.The mean follow-up time was(6.64 ? 0.67) years,the excellent rate(ODI score,0 ～ 20%) was 71.15%.The average scores of the JOA and SF-36 was 23.66 ? 5.72 and 75.88 ? 25.57,respectively.The scores of quality of life were obviously improved in all follow-up subscales.Conventional operations were carried out subsequently in 9 patients as they failed to respond to PLD.No complications related to PLD occurred in this study.The age,course of the disease and the patient’s condition at the time of discharge might bear a relationship to long-term effectiveness.Conclusion PLD is a safe and minimally-invasive technique for the treatment of LDH with quick and reliable effect.PLD can dramatically improve the quality of life.Many factors,such as the age,course of the disease and the patient’s condition at the time of discharge,can affect the long-term outcomes.

Interventional therapy of pseudoaneurysm in extremities or kidneys / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of covered metallic stent and arterial embolization in the management of pseudoaneurysm of extremities or kidneys.Methods Endovascular covered stent graft was inserted for isolation of peripheral extremity pseudoaneurysm in 3 patients and intraarterial embolization was performed with gelfoam in 2 patients for pseudoaneurysm in kidney.Results All 5 pseudoaneurysms kept occluded after the treatment.Distal arterial pulse was normal in 2 patients treated with stent graft;new thrombosis formed within the stent during the procedure but disappeared after thrombolytic therapy through catheter in 1 case;and still another new pseudoaneurysm presented at puncture site in 1 other case due to other factors.Conclusions Pseudoaneurysms in extremities or kidneys can be effectively treated with interventional techniques of covered stent graft and percutaneous arterial embolization.The long-term investigation is needed.

Clinical application of covered self-expending stent for malignant esophageal and duodenal strictures or fistulas / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of covered self-expending metallic stent in the management of malignant esophageal and duodenal strictures or fistulas and explore the treatment for the associated common complications.Methods With interventional procedure under fluoroscopic guidance,95 self-expending mesh stents were implanted in 87 patients,including esophageal carcinoma(50 cases),esophagogastric anastomotic stenosis(23 cases),gastroduodenal malignant stenosis(5 cases),esophagobronchial fistula(3 cases),esophagogastric anastomotic fistula(6 cases).Results Stent placement was successful in all patients at the first trial,having no instant complication except one acute bleeding during the procedure and all of them with relief of stenostic complaint,restoration of clictelic function and closure of fistulas.The long-term curative effect showed something to do with different kind of disease,and the related treatment.Conclusion Self-expending metallic covered mesh stent is safe,effective and less complication;and could be further promoted with addition of radiotherapy and(or)chemotherapy.