Association of gestational diabetes mellitus and blood glucose level during the second trimester with neonatal birth weight: A study based on birth cohort / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the association of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and blood glucose level with birth weight of the newborns in Northwest China. 【Methods】 Pregnant women in their first trimester who joined the birth cohort of Northwest Women and Children’s Hospital from July 2018 to July 2019 were consecutively enrolled. We collected their basic demographic characteristics, lifestyle behavior and other data. We followed up the results of the OGTT test and pregnancy outcomes. The generalized linear model was used to analyze the effects of GDM and blood glucose levels on the birth weight of newborns. 【Results】 A total of 2 422 subjects were included in this study, and 656 (27.09%) pregnant women had GDM during pregnancy. Pregnant women with GDM increased the birth weight (β=50.00, 95% CI: 17.48-82.51), Z-value (β=0.11, 95% CI: 0.03-0.19) and Z Centile value (β=3.22, 95% CI: 0.88-5.55), and increased the risk of macrosomia (OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.04-2.28). Abnormal FPG value during the second trimester would increase the risk of macrosomia and LGA. With the increase of OGTT blood glucose value in the second trimester, the birth weight value and the incidence of macrosomia and LGA showed an upward trend. 【Conclusion】 Pregnancy in women with GDM might increase the birth weight of newborns and the risk of macrosomia, especially FPG. We should vigorously control the blood glucose level of GDM patients to promote the health of mothers and infants.

Effects of gestational diabetes mellitus and mid-pregnancy blood glucose levels on gestational weeks based on birth cohort study / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the effects of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and mid-pregnancy blood glucose levels on gestational weeks in Northwestern China. 【Methods】 For this prospective cohort study, we recruited the first-trimester pregnant women who underwent obstetrical examinations at Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital from July 2018 to July 2019 as the cohort. We investigated their socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Additionally, we collected the OGTT test results of pregnant women in mid-pregnancy and followed up their pregnancy outcomes. The relationship of GDM and blood glucose levels with gestational weeks was analyzed by using the generalized linear model. 【Results】 A total of 2 434 subjects were included in this study. There were 668 pregnant women with GDM, with a ratio of 27.44%. GDM in pregnant women shortened the gestational weeks (β=-0.17, 95% CI: -0.28—-0.05). Fasting blood glucose, OGTT-1 h blood glucose, and OGTT-2 h blood glucose increased by 1 mmol/L; gestational weeks were shortened by 0.17 (95% CI: -0.28—-0.05), 0.05 (95% CI: -0.09—-0.02) and 0.07 (95% CI: -0.12—-0.03). Fasting blood glucose and OGTT-1 h blood glucose abnormalities shortened gestational weeks by 0.18 (95% CI: -0.31—-0.05) and 0.28 (95% CI: -0.47—-0.10) respectively. An increase by 1 mmol/L or abnormality of fasting blood glucose would increase preterm delivery risk by 1.44 (95% CI: 1.01-2.06) and 1.73 times (95% CI: 1.10-2.69), respectively. 【Conclusion】 GDM in pregnant women may shorten their gestational weeks; the abnormal and elevated fasting blood glucose, in particular, would increase the risk of preterm delivery. Therefore, we should carry out active health education to control the blood glucose and other risk factors of GDM patients and promote healthy pregnancy.

Analysis of transcriptional factors expression profile during dedifferentiation of liver cell cultured in vitro / 生物工程学报

Primary hepatocytes are widely used in drug metabolism and toxicity assessment. As the culture of primary hepatocytes in vitro is a process of dedifferentiation, hepatocytes lose normal metabolic detoxification function gradually. The mechanism of hepatocyte dedifferentiation has been not clear so far. TFs play an important role in the dedifferentiation and non-parenchymal cells can maintain the function of hepatocytes in vitro. However, the current methods cannot be used in effective identification and quantitative analysis of a large number of TFs. In this paper, the mo-culture system (only primary hepatocytes) and co-culture system (primary hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells) were established. The cells were cultured for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h as monolayer. The changes of TFs during the culture were obtained by TOT (Transcription factor response elements on tip) transcription factor enrichment method and mass spectrometry. A total of 219 TFs were identified in three individual replicates. The result revealed that up-regulated TFs were enriched in cell proliferation, death and immune response pathways, and down-regulated TFs were involved in metabolism pathway. The establishment of such culture-TFs identification system is of great significance to reveal the mechanism of primary hepatocyte dedifferentiation and crosstalk between hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells.

Establishment of dual reverse phase chromatography combined parallel reaction monitoring for targeted quantitative proteomics / 生物工程学报

Steady improvement in mass spectrometers technology has transformed the targeted proteome analysis into a new stage. Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) technology has evolved from the basic multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) targeted proteomics methods in recent years. PRM performs with a higher sensitivity, throughput and reproducibility in targeted quantification, however its limitations in effectiveness and accurate quantification of samples with higher complexity still remain unsolved. In this study through improving the chromatographic conditions of PRM we established a simple and robust platform for targeted proteomic quantification. The newly established PRM system is equipped with columns with increased inner diameter (150 μm) and decreased total length (8 cm); faster liquid phase elution rate (800 nL/min) and shortened elution gradient (35 min). These modifications enable PRM platform to combine with dual reverse phase chromatography, to quantify up to 400 low abundance peptides in human 293T cells whole cell extract. Our findings would benefit the promotion of PRM technology, especially providing a technical option for accurate quantification of low abundance proteins.

Investigation of intermediate care cognition and care needs in patients with fracture / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the cognition and care needs of the patients with acute stage fracture thus providing reference for the construction of intermediate care model. Methods The data of 504 patients with acute stage fracture from December 2014 to April 2015 were investigated through questionnaire, and analyzed. The issues included gender, age, marital status, cultural level, degree of understanding of intermediate care, care needs, etc. Results 63.29%(319/504) of the patients didn′t know intermediate care before they filled in the questionnaire,only 3.97%(20/504) of the patients understood the conception of intermediate care; different stage of age had different cognition towards intermediate care, the differences were statistically significant( χ2=148.771, P<0.01); different stage of age, sex, marital status, cultural level had different care needs, the differences were statistically significant (H/u=9.692-129.097, P<0.05). Conclusions At present, the majority of patients have no conception about intermediate care, so it is necessary to build the model of intermediate care. As nursing staff we should provide different help according to different type people, thus we can promote patients' physical and mental health, improve patient satisfaction to the greatest extent.