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Objective:To construct an evidence-based phased swallowing training program for patients after partial laryngectomy applying the Delphi method.Methods:Evidence was screened systematically applying evidence-basing principles to construct a first draft of a phased swallowing training program for patients after partial laryngectomy. After two rounds of Delphi expert consultation a final draft was formed.Results:The protocol was composed of 27 items covering 5 aspects of the gastrointestinal decompression period, the first- and second-stage continuous tube feeding periods, trial feeding of the intermittent tube feeding period and the oral feeding stage.Conclusion:The phased swallowing training program is scientifically sound and feasible in clinical practice. It can provide references for clinic staff to improve swallowing management.
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Objective To assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese Heartburn Version of Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia Questionnaire (QOLRAD) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.Methods 130 patients with symptoms of heartburn completed the Chinese version of QOLRAD,the Short-Form-36 (SF-36).30 of them received proton pump inhibitors (PPI) for 8 weeks,which was used to test responsiveness of the Chinese heartburn version of QOLRAD.Results The Chinese version of QOLRAD had acceptable internal consistency.The overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.89 and the internal consistency of dimensions ranged from 0.70～0.90.Content validity index (CVI) was 0.82.Confirmation factor analysis revealed a 5 factor solutions accounting for 62.02％ and most of items in their dimensions had acceptable loads (＞0.4).There was acceptable concurrent validity with correlations between the Chinese heartburn version of QOLRAD and Short Form-36 health survey ranging from 0.172～0.613.As to responsiveness,after therapy of PPI for 8 weeks,except the dimension of sleep disturbance,scores for dimensions of vitality,food/drink problems,physical/social functioning,emotional distress had significant changes.Conclusions The Chinese version of QOLRAD has a good reliability,validity and responsiveness to therapy,which can be used to assess the quality of life in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
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Objective To investigate the levels of sICAM 1 and sE selectin in patients with chronic hepatitis(CHC) and to study their roles in judge of response to IFN ? 2b treatment. Methods sICAM 1 and sE selectin levels were measured in 32 cases of CHC before and after treatment of IFN ? 2b by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), levels of HCV RNA was detected by quantitative PCR and serum ALT activity was also detected. Results Levels of sICAM 1 and sE selectin in CHC patients were significantly higher than those in normal controls(P