Evaluation of myocardial perfusion and systolic function in patients with coronary heart disease by myocardial contrast echocardiography and 2-dimensional speckle tracking imaging / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#The high prevalence and high fatality rate of coronary heart disease seriously endanger the safety of human life. The key to its treatment is to restore the perfusion of the narrowed coronary arteries as soon as possible. Two-dimensional echocardiography is limited for assessment of postoperative myocardial function. Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) and 2-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) possess good value in assessing myocardial perfusion and systolic function. We used MCE and 2D-STI to explore the changes of myocardial perfusion and systolic function after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease, and to evaluate the clinical value of MCE and 2D-STI.@*METHODS@#Twenty patients with coronary heart disease undergoing PCI were selected. MCE was performed before and one day after PCI, and 2D-STI and conventional ultrasound were performed before and a month after PCI. The recovery of left ventricular wall motion was used as a standard to evaluate the ability of MCE semi-quantitative analysis and to predict the recovery of myocardial segment motion.@*RESULTS@#The quantitative value of MCE (signal intensity of contrast medium in plateau phase, slope of curve, and their product) one day after PCI and the contractile function of one month after PCI were significantly improved (all @*CONCLUSIONS@#MCE and 2D-STI can evaluate the improvement of myocardial perfusion and systolic function in patients with coronary heart disease after PCI, and MCE semi-quantitative analysis can effectively predict the ability of ventricular wall recovery.

Evaluation of myocardial perfusion and systolic function in patients with different degree of coronary artery stenosis by MCE and 2D-STI / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#To study myocardial perfusion and systolic function in patients with different coronary artery stenosis by myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) and two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI).@*METHODS@#MCE, 2D-STI and coronary angiography were conducted in patients with coronary heart disease in our hospital. Myocardial segments were divided into 4 groups according to the degree of coronary artery stenosis: group A (normal group), group B (mild stenosis, 50%-75%), group C (moderate stenosis, 76%-90%) and group D (severe stenosis, 91%-100%). Blood volume, blood flow velocity, blood flow and longitudinal myocardial strain value (SL) in each group were measured by analysis software for MCE and 2D-STI. The differences in blood volume, blood flow velocity, blood flow and SL were evaluated.@*RESULTS@#The blood flow velocity and blood flow in B, C and D groups were decreased gradually, with significant difference (0.05). There were significant differences in SL among the 4 groups (<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a good correlation between coronary stenosis degree and myocardial perfusion or systolic function. The ability of 2D-STI to detect mild stenosis of coronary artery is better than MCE.

Clinical value of serum pepsinogen, carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of gastric cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective@#To investigate the clinical value of serum pepsinogen (PG), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and postoperative monitoring of gastric cancer.@*Methods@#A total of 100 patients diagnosed by the gastroscope in the Third People's Hospital of Hefei from January 2016 to October 2018 were selected. The patients were divided into the non-atrophic gastritis group (50 cases) and the gastric cancer group (50 cases) according to histopathological results. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of serum PGI and PGII. The ratio of PGI and PGII ratio (PGR) was calculated. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect CEA and CA19-9 levels.@*Results@#Serum PGI and PGR in the gastric cancer group were lower than those in the non-atrophic gastritis group [PGI: (96±35) μg/L vs. (144±44) μg/L; PGR: 7±3 vs. 11±5], and there was a significant difference (t = 3.861, P < 0.01; t = 3.043, P = 0.003]. Serum CEA and CA19-9 in the gastric cancer group were higher than those in the non-atrophic gastritis group [(7.5±4.8) ng/ml vs. (1.5±0.6) ng/ml, (49.7±29.4) U/ml vs. (8.7±2.6) U/ml], and there were statistical differences (t = 3.100, P = 0.003; t = 3.139, P = 0.002). Serum PGR of the gastric cancer group was decreased in TNM Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and lymph node metastasis (t = 2.185, P = 0.034; t = 2.197, P = 0.033; t = 2.130, P = 0.038); CA19-9 of the gastric cancer group was increased in TNM stage (Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage) and lymph node metastasis (t = 2.405, P = 0.020; t = 2.076, P = 0.043). There were no statistical differences in PGⅠ, PGⅡ and CEA of gastric cancer patients with different clinicopathological characteristics (all P > 0.05). Serum PGⅠ [(46±23) μg/L] and PGⅡ [(8±5) μg/L] were decreased in the postoperative gastric cancer group (t = 4.263, P < 0.01; t = 5.830, P < 0.01). Serum CEA and CA19-9 of the postoperative metastatic group were higher than those of the postoperative non-metastatic group [(35.3±14.5) ng/ml vs. (3.6±2.2) ng/ml, (126±57) U/ml vs. (27±12) U/ml].@*Conclusion@#Combined detection of serum PGⅠ, PGⅡ, CEA and CA19-9 could be used for the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of gastric cancer, and it has a certain clinical value for postoperative metastasis monitoring of gastric cancer.

Clinical value of serum pepsinogen, carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of gastric cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum pepsinogen (PG), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and postoperative monitoring of gastric cancer. Methods A total of 100 patients diagnosed by the gastroscope in the Third People's Hospital of Hefei from January 2016 to October 2018 were selected. The patients were divided into the non-atrophic gastritis group (50 cases) and the gastric cancer group (50 cases) according to histopathological results. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of serum PGI and PGII. The ratio of PGI and PGII ratio (PGR) was calculated. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect CEA and CA19-9 levels. Results Serum PGI and PGR in the gastric cancer group were lower than those in the non-atrophic gastritis group [PGI: (96±35) μg/L vs. (144±44) μg/L; PGR: 7±3 vs. 11±5], and there was a significant difference (t=3.861, P<0.01; t=3.043, P=0.003]. Serum CEA and CA19-9 in the gastric cancer group were higher than those in the non-atrophic gastritis group [(7.5 ±4.8) ng/ml vs. (1.5 ±0.6) ng/ml, (49.7±29.4) U/ml vs. (8.7±2.6) U/ml], and there were statistical differences (t= 3.100, P= 0.003; t= 3.139, P= 0.002). Serum PGR of the gastric cancer group was decreased in TNM Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and lymph node metastasis (t= 2.185, P= 0.034; t= 2.197, P= 0.033; t= 2.130, P=0.038); CA19-9 of the gastric cancer group was increased in TNM stage (Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage) and lymph node metastasis (t= 2.405, P= 0.020;t= 2.076, P= 0.043). There were no statistical differences in PGⅠ, PGⅡand CEA of gastric cancer patients with different clinicopathological characteristics (all P> 0.05). Serum PGⅠ[(46±23)μg/L] and PGⅡ[(8±5)μg/L] were decreased in the postoperative gastric cancer group (t=4.263, P<0.01; t=5.830, P<0.01). Serum CEA and CA19-9 of the postoperative metastatic group were higher than those of the postoperative non-metastatic group [(35.3±14.5) ng/ml vs. (3.6±2.2) ng/ml, (126±57) U/ml vs. (27±12) U/ml]. Conclusion Combined detection of serum PGⅠ, PGⅡ, CEA and CA19-9 could be used for the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of gastric cancer, and it has a certain clinical value for postoperative metastasis monitoring of gastric cancer.

Effect of LY249002 on myocardial structure and cardiac function in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To examine the role of LY294002 in cardiac function and myocardial structure in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) rats.Methods:Fifty-two male SD rats were randomly assigned to a control group (n=16) and a DCM group (n=36).The DCM rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin,and the control rats were given normal saline.After observation for 2 weeks,6 rats from each group were killed randomly.In the end of the 8th week,the 24 DCM rats were randomly assigned to a DCM group (n=12) and a LY294002 group (n=12),which were given normal saline and LY294002,respectively.In the end of the 8th week and 16th week,the cardiac function was analyzed by ultrasonic cardiogram (UCG) and the plasma was collected to test the level of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP).HE and Van Gieson (VG) staining were performed to calculate the collagen volume fraction (CVF).Results:Compared with the control group,the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD) and NT-proBNP level of in the DCM rats were increased obviously,while the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) in the DCM rats were decreased obviously (P＜0.01).These changes were consistent with DCM characteristics.Compared with the DCM group,the LVEDD,LVESD and NT-proBNP levels in the LY294002 group were decreased,while the LVEF and LVFS were increased (P＜0.05).Histopathology showed that the myocardium in the DCM rats was fibrotic and the CVF was increased compared with the control rats (P＜0.01).The myocardial structure was improved in the LY294002 group compared to the DCM group.Conclusion:LY294002 can reduce the myocardial fibrosis in the DCM rats and improve the cardiac function.

Evaluation of the volume and function of left atrial appendage and left atrium in patients with atrial fibrillation by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography and transthoracic echocardiography / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To evaluate the volume and function of left atrium and left atrial appendage in patients with atrial fibrillation by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography and transthoracic echocardiography.
 Methods: A total of 112 patients with atrial fibrillation were divided into two groups: a paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (ParAF) group (n=80) and a persistent atrial fibrillation (PerAF) group (n=32). Control group was people without atrial fibrillation (n=40). Clinical data of the participants were collected. Left atrial dimension (LAD), left atrial volume (LAV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) were measured by transthoracic echocardiography, while left atrial appendage peak emptying flow velocity (LAAeV), left atrial appendage peak filling flow velocity (LAAfV), left atrial appendage maximum volume (LAAVmax) and left atrial appendage minimum volume (LAAVmin) were measured by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. Left atrial volume index (LAVI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left atrial appendage ejection fraction (LAAEF) were calculated. 
 Results: Compared with the control group, LAAEF, LAAeV and LAAfV in the ParAF group were decreased obviously, while LAD, LAV, LAVI, LAAVmax and LAAVmin in the ParAF group were increased obviously (P<0.05). Compared with the ParAF group, LAAEF, LAAeV and LAAfV in the PerAF group were also decreased obviously, and LAD, LAV, LAVI, LAAVmax and LAAVmin in the ParAF group were also increased obviously (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in LVEDV, LVESV, LVEF between the ParAF group and the PerAF group (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: Left atrium and left atrial appendage were enlarged and the function of left atrial appendage was declined in patients with AF, and the changes were more obvious in patients with PerAF compared with patients with ParAF by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography and transthoracic echocardiography.

Evaluation of three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography to left ventricular rotation and twist in patients with silent myocardial ischemia / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the characteristics of left ventricular rotation and twist in patients with silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE), and to explore the diagnostic value of this method for SMI.
@*METHODS@#According to Gensini score, 66 patients with SMI were divided into 3 subgroups: a mild lesion group (n=16), a moderate lesion group (n=26) and a severe lesion group (n=24). Thirty patients with negative results in selective coronary angiography served as a control group. The parameters of wall motion score index (WMSI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), peak basal rotation (Ptw-B), peak apical rotation (Prot-A), left ventricular peak apical rotation (LVrot), left ventricular peak apical twist (LVtw) were measured.
@*RESULTS@#In the SMI group, with an increase in severity of myocardial ischemia, LVEF, Prot-A, Prot-B, LVrot, LVtw showed a decrease trend while WMSI exhibited an opposite phenomenon (P<0.05), and all of them displayed a significant corelation with Gensini score (P<0.05). In the diagnosis of SMI, all of the above-mentioned parameters were highly sensitive and specific. 3D-STE showed the highest diagnostic value for LVtw.
@*CONCLUSION@#Left ventricular rotation and twisting motion monitered by 3D-STE can evaluate the severity of myocardial ischemia in patients with SMI.

Percutaneous one-way long tail pedicle screw internal fixation treatment thoracolumbar spine fractures single section / 国际外科学杂志

Objective Explore the spine fractures treated by percutaneous one-way pedicle screws surgery compared with curative effect of traditional open surgery.Methods From October 2012 to October 2015,to collect 61 patients with single segmental thoracolumbar fractures were retrospectively analyzed,respectively for percutaneous minimally invasive one-way long tail pedicle screw(Observation group,n =32) of internal fixation were compared with traditional open surgery (control group,n =29).Compare two groups of paticnts in the differences of operation time,amount of operative bleeding,operative wound,postoperative VAS scores,the ratio of postoperative injured vertebral front height,and hospitalization expenses.Results All patients were followed up for an average of 9.6 months (from 7 to 14months),neither of the groups showed internal fixation of related complications.Time of operation(min):observation group(87.4 ± 13.6) min,control group (92.3 ± 10.3) min,(t =-1.648,P ＞ 0.05);Mount of operative bleeding:observation group (73 ± 8.8) mL,control group (352 ± 63.7) mL,(t =-23,385,P ＜ 0.05);Wound of operative (cm2):observation group (12.3 ± 2.30) cm2,control group (81.5 ± 14.2) cm2,(t =-25.937,P ＜ 0.05);Expenses of hospitalization (RMB ten thousand):observation group (3.5 ± 0.3),control group(2.3± 0.5),(t =-11.223,P ＜ 0.05);VAS score 2 days and 6 months after surgery:observation group (3.0±0.4) and (1.3±0.6),controlgroup(4.2±0.5) and (2.7±0.7),(t=-10.396 and-8.409,P＜ 0.05),and comparcd with the preoperative also statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);2 days and 6 months after surgery in the ratio of injured vertebral front height:observation group(89.6 ±7.2)％ and (84.2 ±5.7)％,control group (91.3 ± 5.8) ％ and (86.3 ± 4.6) ％,(t =-1.009 and-1.573,P ＞ 0.05),but in the same group recovery of injured vertebral leading edge height ratio compared with preoperative postoperative were significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion For a single section of thoracolumbar spine fracture,Compared with the control group,Percutaneous one-way long tail pedicle screw internal fixation technology have the advantage of little trauma,less sequel,rapid postoperative recovery,also in the recovery of vertebral body height and loss of late has achieved the same cur-ative effect,but patients with costly.

3-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography for left ventricular rotation and twist in patients with hypertension / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the characteristics of left ventricular rotation and twist in patients with essential hypertension (EH) of different left ventricular configurations by 3-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE).@*METHODS@#A total of 106 EH patients were divided into 4 groups: a left ventricular normal configuration (LVN) group (n=30), a concentric remodeling (CCR) group (n=31), a concentric hypertrophy (CCH) group (n=29), an eccentric hypertrophy (ECH) group (n=16), and a control group of 30 healthy subjects. The parameters of LVEF, peak basal rotation (Prot-B), peak apical rotation (Prot-A), left ventricular peak apical rotation (LV-rot), and left ventricular peak apical twist (LV-tw) were compared.@*RESULTS@#The left ventricular mass index in the EH groups, which kept increasing, was higher than that in the normal control group (P0.05), but LVEF was lower in the ECH group than in other groups (P<0.05). Compared with the normal control group, Prot-B, Prot-A, LVrot and LVtw were significantly higher in the LVN, CCR and CCH group (P<0.05), but decreased in the ECH group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#3D-STE can evaluate the left ventricular rotation and twist in EH patients with different configurations, and reflect changes in the left ventricular systolic function in EH of different configurations.

Effects of Enhanced External Counterpulsation on Diabetic Retinopathy / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To observe the effect of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods 179 patients who accepted EECP combined with medication were as group A and the other 190 patients who accepted medication only were as group B. Their visual acuity, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical hemodynamics were compared. Results There was significant improvement in group A with visual acuity, FFA and optical hemodynamics (P<0.05), and the incidence of improvement was more in group A than in group B (P<0.05). Conclusion EECP is effective on diabetic retinopathy.

Analysis of Refraction Status of Low Vision Children / 中国康复理论与实践

@# Objective To investigate the refraction status of low vision children aged 4~14 years old. Methods 228 children (376 eyes) with low vision aged 4~14 years old were recruited with retinoscopy optometry under ciliary muscles paralysis. Results 53% (72 eyes) of the preschool group had hyperopia, 41.2% (56 eyes) had myopia, and 6.0% (8 eyes) had mix astigmia. 40.0% (96 eyes) of the school-age group had hyperopia, 55.0% (132 eyes) had myopia, and 5.0% (12 eyes) had mix astigmia. The incidence of hyperopia was higher in the preschool group than in the school-age group (P<0.05). The majority of the refraction status in both groups were ranged in high level. After refraction correction and using visual aid device, 27.4% of the low vision children improved, and the number was higher in children who had better naked vision (P<0.01). Conclusion The refraction status of pre-school children with low vision is mainly hyperopia. For school-aged children, the refraction status shows a majority of myopia. The refraction errors of low vision children are mainly ranged in high level and partial low vision children improved after refraction correction

Clinical application of the 3-dimensional speckle tracking imaging in coronary artery disease / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the 3-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (3D-STI) in clinical diagnosis of coronary artery disease by quantitatively evaluating left ventricular segmental and global systolic function.@*METHODS@#According to the selective coronary artery angiography, 150 inpatients suspected of coronary artery disease were divided into 5 groups according to the distribution of the affected coronary arteries: a left anterior descending coronary artery group (LAD, n=46), a left circumflex coronary artery group (LCX, n=25), a right coronary artery group (RCA, n=23), a multivessel group (n=26), and a normal group (n=30). Gensini score was calculated according to coronary artery angiography. Conventional echocardiography was applied in each patient and wall motion score index (WMSI) was calculated. 3D-STI was applied in each patient to evaluate the segmental and global systolic function in the left ventricle.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the normal group, ejection fraction was decreased in the multi-vessel group alone (P<0.05). Peak systolic 3D strains in all segments were decreased in the multi-vessel group (P<0.01), while peak systolic 3D strains in the main blood-supply segments were decreased significantly in the rest of the groups (P<0.05). Global 3-dimensional strain (G3DS) was negatively correlated with Gensini score in patients with coronary artery disease (r= -0.76, P<0.01). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that G3DS was more sensitive and accurate in clinical diagnosis of coronary artery disease.@*CONCLUSION@#3D-STI can quantitatively evaluate the segmental and global systolic function of the left ventricle, and reflect the extent of coronary artery stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease.

Clinical analysis of retinal hemorrhages in high-risk infants / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective To investigate the related factors of the retinal hemorrhage in high-risk infants (HRI).Methods Eight hundred and sixty HRI with histories of high-risk pregnancy and/or neonatal asphyxia after 1-5 days of birth were enrolled in this study.In 860 cases of HRI,498 infants were vaginal delivery and 362 infants were delivered through cesarean sections.Among 498 vaginal delivered infants,407infants were eutocia and 91 infants were with forceps delivery; 298 infants were born following normal labor,102 infants experienced prolonged labor,and 98 infants were urgent birth.The retinal hemorrhages were observed and conditions were graded into three degrees of Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ.Conditions of neonatal asphyxia were evaluated based on criteria of Apgar score.The incidence of retinal hemorrhage in the different types of deliveries and labor processes were compared,and the relationship between degree of retinal hemorrhage and grade of neonatal asphyxia were analyzed.Results In 860 cases of HRI,retinal hemorrhages were found in 202 infants (23.5％).Within these 202 infants,75 infants (37.1％) were Ⅰdegree retinal hemorrhage,75 infants (37.1％) were Ⅱ degree retinal hemorrhage,and 52 infants (25.8％)were Ⅲ degree retinal hemorrhage.In these 202 infants of retinal hemorrhage,172 infants (85.1 ％) had histories of asphyxia; 119 infants (69.2％) were graded as mild asphyxia-risk,and 53 infants (30.8％)were graded as severe asphyxia-risk.There was a statistical difference of the degree of the retinal hemorrhage between the mild and severe asphyxia-risk infants (x2 =34.61,P＜0.01).The incidence of retinal hemorrhage after vaginal delivery was higher than cesarean section delivery with significant statistical difference (x2 =30.73,P＜ 0.01).The incidence of retinal hemorrhage after forceps delivery was significantly higher than eutocia with statistical difference (x2 =62.78,P＜0.01).Both prolonged and urgent childbirth had statistically significant higher incidences of retinal hemorrhage compared to normal labor in the process of vaginal delivery (x2＝45.86,71.51; P＜0.01).Asphyxia,types of delivery,prolonged and urgent labors were risk factors of retinal hemorrhage for HRI (r=7.46,4.87,15.03,6.47;P＜ 0.01).Conclusions The incidence of retinal hemorrhage in high-risk infant was 23.5％.And,asphyxia,types of delivery,prolonged and urgent labors may play roles of risk factor in retinal hemorrhage of HRI.

Evaluation of intraventricular dyssynchrony by quantitative tissue velocity imaging in rats of post-infarction heart failure / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate intraventricular systolic dyssynchrony in rats with post-infarction heart failure by quantitative tissue velocity imaging combining synchronous electrocardiograph.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 male SD rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: a 4 week post-operative group and an 8 week post-operation group (each n=25, with anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery ligated), and a sham operation group (n=10, with thoracotomy and open pericardium, but no ligation of the artery). The time to peak systolic velocity of regional myocardial in the rats was measured and the index of the left intraventricular dyssynchrony was calculated.@*RESULTS@#All indexes of the heart function became lower as the heart failure worsened except the left ventricle index in the post-operative groups. All indexes of the dyssynchrony got longer in the post-operative groups (P0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Quantitative tissue velocity imaging combining synchronous electrocardiograph can analyse the intraventricular systolic dyssynchrony accurately.

Evaluation of myocardial systolic function of heart failure induced by myocardial infarction in rats with strain and strain rate imagine / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To quantitatively detect variation in regional myocardial systolic function in heart failure rat model induced by myocardial infarction by strain and strain rate imaging.@*METHODS@#Seventy 2-month-old adult male SD rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: a 4-week and a 8-week group after the operation (each n = 25) had thoracotomy, the pericardium opened and the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery ligated; a sham operation group (n = 10) had thoracotomy and the arcula cordis opened, but did not ligate the artery; a control group (n = 10) had no treatment. The changes of general state of health of the rats were observed and recorded every day. To assess the change of heart function, echocardiography was used at the end of the 4th week and 8th week after the surgery. To evaluate the change of heart function in heart failure rats, we quantitatively analyzed the regional myocardial systolic function in all rats by strain and strain rate imaging and myocardium to detect the level of MMP-9 at the end of the 4th week and 8th week. The repeatability and discrepancies of the results were all analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Obviously objective signs of heart failure manifested themselves in the survived mice 10 to 14 days after the surgery. Compared with the control group and the sham operation group, the fraction shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) of the 4-week group after the operation were lower (P < 0.05), the left ventricle index (LV index) of the 8-week group after the operation was higher, left ventricle posterior wall index (LVPW index), interventricular septum index (IVS index), FS, and EF of the 8-week group after the operation were lower (P < 0.05), EF and FS of the 8-week group after the operation were lower than those of the 4-week group. Except the mid-inferior wall and base-inferior wall, the systolic peak strain, systolic peak strain rate, the strain of end-systole in all segments of the operation group were lower than those of the other 2 groups (P < 0.05). The post-systolic strain index of the operation group was higher than that of the other 2 groups (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Strain and strain rate imaging of echocardiography can quantitatively evaluate the changing of regional myocardial systolic function in the heart failure rat model induced by myocardial infarction, with good repeatability.

Clinical characteristic of glenoid labral tears combined with rotator cuff tear / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of glenoid labral tear combined with rotator cuff tear so as to provide references for arthroscopic surgery.Methods A total of 50 patients (28 males and 22 females)at mean age of 45 years old(ranged from 30 to 58 years)were enrolled in the study.Clinical data including the mechanism and time of injury,symptoms,results of physical examination,X-ray and MRI were collected.Location and degree of rotator cuff and glenoid labral tears found during arthroscopic surgery were also recorded.There were 37 patients with anterior labral tears,eight with superior labrum tears and five with posterior labral tears.The rotator cuff tear was slight in 36 patients,moderate in 10 and severe in three.One patient had extra-large tear.Anterior part of rotator cuff was found torn in 21 patients,middle part in 16 and posterior part in 13.MRI of glenoid labral tears manifested disappearance of triangular appearance and enlarged joint capsule.MRI manifestations of rotator cuff tear were high signal in torn part and continuity loss.Results All patients were followed up for average 36 months(6-72 months),which showed satisfactory results.UCLA score was(15±3)points preoperatively and(32±3)points postoperatively(P＜0.01).Conclusions More attention should be paid to glenoid labral tear to avoid misdiagnosis and delayed treatment,for it is usually combined with rotator cuff tear.Location of rotator cuff tear has some relation to the range of glenoid labral tear,ie,the larger range of glenoid labral tear may induce more posterior part of rotator cuff torn.

Evaluation of heart function in heart failure rat model by echocardiography / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To detect variation in cardiac function in heart failure rat model by echocardiography, and to explore the relationship between cardiac function and blood serum B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP).@*METHODS@#A total of 120 two-month-old male SD rats (body mass 200 approximately 220 g) were randomly assigned to 3 groups: an operation group (80 rats) had thoracotomy, with open pericardium and ligature of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery; a sham operation group (20 rats) had thoracotomy and open pericardium but no ligature of the artery; and a normal group (20 rats) had no treatment. We observed the general state of the rats every day after the operation, and we measured the rats' body mass the day before the operation and at the end of 6th week after the operation. To evaluate the change of heart function in heart failure rats, echocardiography was used to detect the level of BNP after the operation.@*RESULTS@#The operation group that survived showed obvious objective sign of heart failure about 10 days after the surgery. Compared with the normal group and the sham operation group, left ventricle index in the operation group got higher, left ventricle posterior wall index and interventricular septum index got lower, fraction shortening and ejection fraction got lower(P0.05). The BNP level was significantly increased (P<0.05), which was inversely related to ejection fraction and fraction shortening (r=-0.927,r=-0.894,P<0.05, respectively). The BNP level also had a positive relationship with the left ventricle index(r=0.409,P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Ligature of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery in rats can successfully create heart failure model. Echocardiography can well evaluate the heart function in heart failure rat models.

Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography on grading extracranial carotid stenosis / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To assess value of contrast enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)in diagnosis of extracranial carotid stenosis.Methods Baseline ultrasonography and CEUS were performed in 108 patients with extracranial carotid stenosis.The location and degree of stenosis were judged and compared with the results of digital subtraction angiography(DSA).Results Of 108 patients,DSA diagnosed 81 vessels in 62 cases of mildintermediate stenosis which consisted of 33 common carotid arteries(CCAs),43 internal carotid arteries(ICAs)and 5 external carotid arteries(ECAS),51 vessels in 39 cases Of severe stenosis(46 ICAs and 5 CCAs)and 7vessels in 7 cases of complete occlusion(7 ICAs).The surface of intima and the interface of media-adventitia were depicted clearly by CEUS.The consistent rates in diagnosis on mild-intermediate stenosis,severe stenosis and complete obstruction by baseline ultrasonography and CEUS were 76.5%and 9 1.4%(P＜0.05).60.8%and94.1%(P＜0.001),28.6%and 100%(P＜0.05)respectively when judged by DSA as the golden standard.CEUS and DSA were correlated significantly on calculating the stenosis rate(r=0.975,P＜0.001).Conclusions CEUS can assess the degree of extracranial carotid stenosis accurately and non-invasively which is superior to baseline ultrasonography and correlated significantly with DSA.

Preliminary study on hepatic perfusion disorders in small focal liver lesions with contrast-enhanced ultrusonography during arterial phase / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To investigate the imaging characteristics and differentiating value of hepatic perfusion disorders(HPD)in small focal liver lesions(≤3 cm),the transient hepatic hyperechoic enhancement(THHE),with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)during arterial phase and explore the potential mechanism.Methods Two hundred and sixty-eight small foeal liver lesions found in 215 patients who had undergone CEUS were retrospectively evaluated in this study.Hepatic parenchymal THHEs around those lesions were diagnosed and the CEUS characteristics as well as the detecting rate related to different lesions were analyzed.Results Forty-five among 268 lesions(16.8%)showed surrounding THHEs during CEUS and they exhibited fast wash-in to form hyperechoic area of different shape and range and then those area became fast washout to be isoechoic in contrast with peripheral liver parenchyma.According to the imaging morphology,THHEs could be divided into four types:type Ⅰ,wedge-or fan-shaped(51.1%);type Ⅱ,encircling-shaped(20.0%);type Ⅲ,nodule-like-shaped(11.1%);type Ⅳ,irregular-shaped(17.8%).According to the pathology,the liver focal lesions could be divided into three groups:benign group,which consisted of 88 lesions and 8(9.1%)lesions showed surrounding THHEs of which 87.5% presented type Ⅲ and Ⅳ;malignant group,which consisted of 141 lesions and 31(22.0%)lesions showed surrounding THHEs of which 67.7% presented type Ⅰ;tumor-like lesions group,which consisted of 39 lesions and 6(15.4%)lesions showed surrounding THHEs of which 66.7% presented type Ⅱ.There was significant difference in the composition of THHEs type among three groups(P＜0.001).The detecting rate of THHEs in benign group was lower than that in other groups(P＜0.05).Conclusions THHEs showed with CEUS in small liver focal lesions are representation of HPD and have different detecting rate and imaging morphology type in different lesions.It is very important to recognize and distinguish THHEs surrounding focal lesions,which could help to make differential diagnosis,avoid incorrect diagnosis and judge the size of lesions correctly.

Arthroscopic repair of meniscal tears by FasT-Fix technique: a report of 36 cases / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To assess clinical outcomes of FasT-Fix technique in repair of meniscal injury under arthroscope. Methods A total of 36 cases (37 knees) of mensical tears were repaired with FasF-Fix technique. There were 26 males and 10 females, at mean age of 26 years (14-51 years). Eighteen meniscal tears were located in zone Ⅱ, 16 in zone Ⅲ and 3 in zone Ⅳ. The average length of the tear was 2.2 cm (1.0-3.0 cm). Results There were no any signs of early complications after sur gery. All cases were followed up For 6-26 months (mean 16 months). According to Lysholm scoring scale system ,the average score of operated knees was increased from preoperative 44.13+12.56 to postopera tive 80.24+12.67 (P<0.01). After operation, all the patients could move the knee joint at normal range, except for one case who had a limitation of 20 degree flexion, with no pain or interlocking symptom. All cases returned to original work and/or could continue sports game. Conclusion The FasT-Fix technique is a simple, safe and effective method for repair of properly selected meniscal tears.