Periodontal health condition among 12-15 years old adolescents in Shenzhen / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#This epidemiology survey is intended to assess the periodontal health conditions of 12 to 15-year-old adolescents and the associated factors in Shenzhen.@*Methods@#The study utilized a multistage stratified cluster method and recruited 5 509 middle school students aged 12 to 15. Gingival bleeding and calculus were conducted and a self-reported questionnaire was administered. Additional periodontal pocket depth and attachment loss examination were performed in the 15-year-age group. Periodontal conditions and the associated factors were analyzed by t-test, Chi-square method and Logistic regression.@*Results@#The prevalence of gingival bleeding and calculus among adolescents was 43.95% and 44.25%, and the prevalence of periodontal pockets ≤3 mm was 0.57%. No periodontal pockets ≥6 mm or attachment loss ≥4 mm were detected. Gender, family income and frequency of teeth brushing were significantly associated with calculus detection (P＜0.05). The use of fluoride had an significant effect on gingival bleeding detection and calculus detection (χ 2=9.70，6.16，P＜0.05).@*Conclusion@#The periodontal health condition among 12-15 years old adolescents in Shenzhen is generally better than the national level. Adolescents living in high-economic districts and females had better periodontal health condition. The government can promote health education in schools and popularize the use of fluoride to improve the periodontal health condition among adolescents.

Expression of NF-κB, NR2B and iNOS in spinal cord in a rat model of neuropathic pain / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To observe the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B ( NF-κB) , N-methyl-D-aspartic acid re-ceptor 2B (NR2B) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the spinal cord in a rat model of chronic constriction in-jury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve.METHODS:Fifty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180~220 g were random-ly divided into sham group (n=8) and CCI group (n=48).The mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and paw with-drawal latency (PWL) of the hind paws were measured 1 d before CCI and 1 d, 4 d, 7 d, 14 d and 21 d after surgery.The L4~L6 segment of the spinal cord was taken for determining the expression of NF-κB, NR2B and iNOS by RT-PCR and Western blotting.RESULTS:At 1 d, 4 d, 7 d, 14 d and 21 d after surgery, the MWT and PWL in CCI group were obviously lower than those in sham group .The expression of NF-κB, NR2B and iNOS at mRNA and protein levels in-creased significantly.Positive correlations were found between the mRNA expression of NF-κB and iNOS (r=0.842, P<0.05), and between the mRNA expression of NR2B and iNOS (r=0.833, P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The generation and maintenance of hyperalgesia in sciatic nerve injury rats may attribute to the activation of NF -κB and NR2B and concom-itant increase in iNOS .

Carotid body function in health and disease / 复旦学报（医学版）

Peripheral chemoreceptors in the carotid body play a significant role in the transduction of chemical stimuli in the arterial blood notably hypoxia,hypercapnia and acidosis to the central for eliciting the chemoreflex,which is central to the hypoxic ventilatory response and is also important for the circulatory responses to hypoxia.It is known that interactions between the peripheral and central chemoreceptors are crucial to the magnitude of the reflex response for the ventilatory control.In addition,the carotid chemoreceptor activity contributes to the ventilatory and humoral responses to exercise and also significantly to the ventilatory acclimatization to chronic hypoxia at high altitude.Under diseased conditions,there are augmented chemoreceptor activity and chemoreflex sensitivity in patients with hypertension or sleep-disordered breathing including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and congestive heart failure and also in experimental animal models mimicking these diseases.Thus,the carotid body functions to maintain the oxygen homeostasis； whereas anomalous carotid chemoreceptor activities associated with diseases could be both adaptive and pathogenic in nature,for which cellular and molecular mechanisms have been proposed for the pathophysiogical consequences.

Study on Pharmacokinetics and Relative Bioavailability of Racemic Benzeneacetic Acid of Chirality Sus-tained Release Tablet in Human Body / 中国药房

OBJECTIVES:To study the pharmacokinetics of racemic benzeneacetic acid of chirality(RBAC)sustained re-lease tablet in human body of healthy volunteers,and to evaluate the bioequiavailability of RBAC and benzeneacetic acid of chirality(BAC)sustained release tablet.METHODS:18healthy volunteers studies were administered with multidoses of RBAC or BAC by randomized crossover and own control,the plasma concentrations of RBAC and BAC were determined by RP-HPLC,the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and ANOVA and two&one side t tests were carried out as well.RESULTS:The pharmacokinetic parameters of RBAC and BAC were respectively as follows:t 1/2 were(8.14?1.95)h and(8.81?2.27)h;t max were(3.44?0.62)h and(3.44?0.70)h;C ss max were(3.69?0.50)mg/L and(3.68?0.76)mg/L,AUC 0～t were(23.49?2.53)(mg?h)/L and(22.48?2.59)(mg?h)/L;DF were(138.21%?23.10)%and(134.53%?28.14)%;C ss were(1.96?0.21)mg/L and(1.85?0.22)mg/L;The relative bioavailability of RBAC to BAC was(102.45?8.07)%.CON-CLUSION:RBAC and BAC were bioequivalent.