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Objective To compare acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI)and supersonic shear imaging (SWE) in diagnosis of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods Eighty patients with chronic hepatitis B having underwent ARFI and SWE examination were enrolled in this study.The elastic modulus E value(EI)was measured by SWE.The liver shear wave velocity(VTQ)was measured by ARFI.All patients underwent liver biopsy.The diagnostic values of SWE and ARFI for liver fibrosis were analyzed with Sperman correlation and the ROC curve.Results The values of EI and VTQ were increased with the pathological stage determined by liver biopsy and there were significantly differences(P<0.01).The correlation coefficient of SWE and ARFI was 0.651,P<0.01.The correlation coefficient of SWE, ARFI and pathological stage determined by liver biopsy were 0.784 and 0.683 and there were significant differences(P<0.01).The areas under ROC for diagnosing liver fibrosis≥S2,≥S3 and =S4 by using SWE were 0.912, 0.934 and 0.955 respectively and those by using ARFI were 0.870, 0.892 and 0.884. The sensitivity of ARFI in diagnosing liver fibrosis was similar with SWE, but SWE showed higher specificity (Z=8.756,P < 0.01; Z=10.802,P < 0.01; Z=15.871,P < 0.01). Conclusions Both SWE and ARFI can be effectively used in the evaluation of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B.The SWE technology has more advantages.
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Objective:To make an assessment on the genotoxicity caused by black carbon ( BC ) and ozonized black carbon (O3-BC).Methods: In this study, 74 healthy male ICR mice [weighed (28 ± 1.5) g] were randomly divided into 7 groups, including one phosphate buffer solution ( PBS) control group and six particles exposed groups by intratracheal instillation with either BC or O 3-BC at the doses of 50, 100, 200 μg/mouse, respectively.There were 12 mice in the groups of 200μg/mouse and 10 mice in others.The mice were sacrificed 24 h after four intratrachealinstillations .The activities of catalase ( CAT) in serum and the levels of malondialdehyde ( MDA) in lung tissue homogenate were measured . As the DNA damage mark , 8-hydroxyguanosine ( 8-OHdG ) in urine and serum were quantified with ELISA method.Micronucleus test was used for potential genotoxicity of BC and O 3-BC.Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to stain lung paraffin section .Results:The mice were in good condition during instillation , and the liver coefficient of the test groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).The activities of CAT in serum significantly increased in the 100 μg/mouse and 200μg/mouse groups after being exposed to these two kinds of particles .The micronucleus rate in allthe BC and O3-BC exposed groups increased ( P <0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference among the groups in the levels of 8-OHdG in serum and urine and MDA in lung tissue homogenate .In-flammatory response was found in the lung tissue under the microscope after exposure to BC and O 3-BC. Conclusion:Intratracheal instillation of BC and O 3-BC induced increasing of oxidative stress and genetic damage in mice .But there was no significant difference between these two particles in toxicity .Whether the genotoxicity of O 3-BC is higher than that of BC or not is uncertain .Further research is needed .