Effects of strength training on the female athlete's lower extremity / Efeitos do treinamento de força nas extremidades inferiores das atletas / Efectos del entrenamiento de fuerza en las extremidades inferiores de las atletas

ABSTRACT Introduction The innovation and development of complex movements in aerobic gymnastics present higher demands for the athletes' overall qualifications. Objective Analyze the effect of special lower limb strength training on the performance of female gymnasts. Methods Four female gymnasts from sports colleges were selected as research targets. The method is discussed using literature materials, expert interviews, experimental methods, and mathematical statistics. Results There was a significant difference in the athletes' body composition index before and after training (P<0.05). The exceptional quality of female aerobic gymnastics athletes after the special lower limb strength training was significantly elevated compared with that before the training. Conclusion The strength training method used in this paper significantly improves the individual strength of the lower limbs of female gymnasts. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução A inovação e o desenvolvimento de movimentos complexos na ginástica aeróbica apresentam maiores exigências para a qualificação geral das atletas. Objetivo Analisar o efeito do treinamento de força especial de membro inferior no desempenho das ginastas femininas. Métodos Foram selecionadas quatro ginastas femininas de faculdades de esportes como alvos de pesquisa. O método é discutido utilizando materiais de literatura, entrevistas com especialistas, métodos experimentais e estatísticas matemáticas. Resultados Houve uma diferença significativa no índice de composição corporal das atletas antes e depois do treinamento (P<0,05). A excepcional qualidade das atletas de ginástica aeróbica feminina após o treinamento especial de força dos membros inferiores foi significativamente elevada em comparação com aquela antes do treinamento. Conclusão O método de treinamento de força utilizado neste trabalho tem um efeito significativo na melhoria da força individual dos membros inferiores das ginastas femininas. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción La innovación y el desarrollo de movimientos complejos en la gimnasia aeróbica presentan mayores exigencias para la cualificación general de los atletas. Objetivo Analizar el efecto del entrenamiento especial de la fuerza de los miembros inferiores en el rendimiento de las gimnastas. Métodos Se seleccionaron cuatro gimnastas de escuelas deportivas como objetivos de la investigación. El método se discute utilizando material bibliográfico, entrevistas a expertos, métodos experimentales y estadísticas matemáticas. Resultados Hubo una diferencia significativa en el índice de composición corporal de los atletas antes y después del entrenamiento (P<0,05). La calidad excepcional de las atletas de gimnasia aeróbica tras el entrenamiento especial de fuerza de las extremidades inferiores fue significativamente mayor que antes del entrenamiento. Conclusión El método de entrenamiento de fuerza utilizado en este trabajo tiene un efecto significativo en la mejora de la fuerza individual de las extremidades inferiores de las gimnastas. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Improvement of motor coordination skills in gymnastics athletes / Aprimoramento da capacidade de coordenação motora nos atletas de ginástica / Mejora de la capacidad de coordinación motora en atletas de gimnasia

ABSTRACT Introduction The great difficulty and the high risk are inherent marks of artistic gymnastics. It demands motor coordination of large muscle groups. Objective Improve the training of body coordination control in gymnasts. Methods We randomly selected 16 gymnasts as research volunteers, randomly divided into two groups of the same age distribution. After the training period, a new training protocol was implemented, and motor coordination control was analyzed after this intervention. Results There was no significant difference in a one-sided comparative index (P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the balance index and the speed index in the fast touch point direction in the athletes (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, there was a significant difference in the overall test index between the experimental groups (P<0.01). The motor coordination of the experimental group had a significant improvement. Conclusion The techniques of cross-striking, fast pedaling, balance, jump rope, two-handed grip, two-handed dribbling, kicking, and seven other techniques evaluated showed a great relationship with the motor coordination of gymnastics athletes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução A elevada dificuldade e o alto risco são marcas inerentes da ginástica artística. Ela exige a coordenação motora de grandes grupos musculares. Objetivo Aprimorar o treinamento do controle da coordenação corporal dos ginastas. Métodos Selecionou-se aleatoriamente 16 ginastas como voluntários de pesquisa, divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos de mesma distribuição etária. Após o período de treinamento, implementou-se um novo protocolo de treino e analisou-se o controle da coordenação motora após essa intervenção. Resultados Não houve diferença significativa em um índice comparativo unilateral (P>٠,٠٥). Houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes no índice de equilíbrio e no índice de velocidade na direção de ponto de toque rápido nos atletas (P<0,05). Em comparação com o grupo controle, houve uma diferença significativa no índice geral de teste entre os grupos experimental (P<0,01). A coordenação motora do grupo experimental teve uma melhora significativa. Conclusão As técnicas de batida cruzada, pedalada rápida, equilíbrio, pular corda, pegada com duas mãos, drible com duas mãos, chute e outras sete técnicas avaliadas demonstraram uma grande relação com a coordenação motora dos atletas de ginástica. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción La alta dificultad y el alto riesgo son marcas inherentes a la gimnasia artística. Exige la coordinación motriz de grandes grupos musculares. Objetivo Mejorar el entrenamiento del control de la coordinación corporal en gimnastas. Métodos Se seleccionaron al azar 16 gimnastas como voluntarios de la investigación, divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos con la misma distribución de edad. Tras el periodo de entrenamiento, se aplicó un nuevo protocolo de entrenamiento y se analizó el control de la coordinación motora después de esta intervención. Resultados No hubo diferencias significativas en el índice comparativo unilateral (P>0,05). Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el índice de equilibrio y en el índice de velocidad en la dirección del punto de contacto rápido en los atletas (P<0,01). En comparación con el grupo de control, hubo una diferencia significativa en el índice de prueba global entre los grupos experimentales (P<0,01). La coordinación motora del grupo experimental tuvo una mejora significativa. Conclusión Las técnicas de golpe cruzado, pedaleo rápido, equilibrio, salto de cuerda, agarre con dos manos, regate con dos manos, patada y otras siete técnicas evaluadas mostraron una gran relación con la coordinación motora de los atletas de gimnasia. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Novel mutation of type-1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) gene in a severe short stature pedigree identified by targeted next-generation sequencing

Insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) deficiency is a rare form of short stature, and is difficult to clinically diagnose. Targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows for the rapid and inexpensive assessment of short stature. We identified mutations in the pedigree of a Chinese boy with severe short stature using targeted NGS; we then assessed the clinical characteristicsand evaluated the efficacy of growth hormone therapy. NGS analysis revealed a novel heterozygous missense mutation in exon3 (c.926C>T, p.S309L) of the type-I IGF-1R gene in the proband, which was inherited from the mother. The proband, mother and grandfather suffered from severe growth failure. After recombinant human growth hormone therapy, the patient’s growth rate increased. The novel missensemutation in IGF-1R (c.926C > T, p.S309L) is associated with severe short stature in Chinese individuals. Targeted NGS may enable efficient diagnosis and genetic consultation of children with short stature.

Genetic diversity analysis and germplasm identification of Paris species by CDDP markers / 中草药

Objective: To explore genetic diversity and phylogenic relationship among different types of Paris species and provide an effective method for the rapid identification of germplasm resources. Methods: CDDP marker was used to evaluate the genetic diversity and phylogenic relationship among 13 types of Paris species. And the coding of Paris genus plants was carried out based on method of CODE128 barcode. Results: Our results indicated that 73 polymorphic bands were amplified by 11 primers among 80 bands, and the ratio of polymorphic band was 91.25%. The observed number of alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), Nei’s gene diversity (H), and Shannon’s information index (I) was 1.912 5, 1.589 6, 0.342 3, and 0.507 0, respectively. The results of UPGMA analysis showed that there were great differences among 13 types of Paris species on genetic diversity. Based on CDDP markers, 13 barcode molecular identity cards were constructed for Paris species based on method of CODE128 barcode. Conclusion: There was abundant polymorphism among Paris species, and CDDP markers were effective to analyze the genetic diversity of Paris species, and the established barcode molecular identity for Paris species was sensitive and fast, which can be used for scientific research and industrial production of Paris genus.

Impact of Cathepsins S on Aortic Ring-derived Micro Vascular Cavity Formation in Experimental Mice / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To investigate the impact of cathepsins S (CatS) on aortic ring-derived micro vascular cavity formation in experimental mice. Methods: Hindlimb ischemia model was established in CatS+/+ and CatS-/- mice, n=8 in each group. The blood flow in hindlimb was measured before ischemic surgery; immediately and 1, 4, 7, 14, 21 days after surgery. CatS+/+mice were further divided into 4 subgroups: Normal control subgroup, Selective CatS inhibitor (LHVS) subgroup, Non-selective CatS inhibitor (E64d) subgroup and MMP inhibitor (GM6001) subgroup; n=2 in each subgroup. The mice aortic ring-derived micro vascular cavity formation was observed by FITC-CD31 immunofluorescence method. Results: ① CatS-/- mice had inhibited blood flow recovery after ischemic surgery. Laser Doppler blood flow (LDBF) examination indicated that compared with CatS+/+group, CatS-/- group had slower hindlimb blood flow recovery, P<0.05;② CatS-/-group had the less aortic ring-derived micro vascular cavities, P<0.001. ③ Compared with Normal control subgroup, LHVS subgroup, E64d subgroup and GM6001 subgroup had suppressed micro vascular cavity formation, all P<0.05.④ Aortic ring-derived micro vascular cavity was composed by endothelial cells. Conclusion: CatS plays a beneficial role in ischemic vascular regeneration in experimental mice; it is not only increasing aortic ring-derived micro vascular cavity formation, but also promoting blood flow recovery in ischemic hindlimb. Our finding provides a theoretical basis for new therapeutic target in ischemic vascular regeneration.

Impact of Cathepsins S on Aortic Ring-derived Micro Vascular Cavity Formation in Experimental Mice / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To investigate the impact of cathepsins S (CatS) on aortic ring-derived micro vascular cavity formation in experimental mice. Methods: Hindlimb ischemia model was established in CatS+/+ and CatS-/- mice, n=8 in each group. The blood flow in hindlimb was measured before ischemic surgery; immediately and 1, 4, 7, 14, 21 days after surgery. CatS+/+mice were further divided into 4 subgroups: Normal control subgroup, Selective CatS inhibitor (LHVS) subgroup, Non-selective CatS inhibitor (E64d) subgroup and MMP inhibitor (GM6001) subgroup; n=2 in each subgroup. The mice aortic ring-derived micro vascular cavity formation was observed by FITC-CD31 immunofluorescence method. Results: ① CatS-/- mice had inhibited blood flow recovery after ischemic surgery. Laser Doppler blood flow (LDBF) examination indicated that compared with CatS+/+group, CatS-/- group had slower hindlimb blood flow recovery, P<0.05;② CatS-/-group had the less aortic ring-derived micro vascular cavities, P<0.001. ③ Compared with Normal control subgroup, LHVS subgroup, E64d subgroup and GM6001 subgroup had suppressed micro vascular cavity formation, all P<0.05.④ Aortic ring-derived micro vascular cavity was composed by endothelial cells. Conclusion: CatS plays a beneficial role in ischemic vascular regeneration in experimental mice; it is not only increasing aortic ring-derived micro vascular cavity formation, but also promoting blood flow recovery in ischemic hindlimb. Our finding provides a theoretical basis for new therapeutic target in ischemic vascular regeneration.

Hypomethylation of Interleukin-6 Promoter is Associated with the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease / Hipometilação do Promotor de Interleucina-6 Associada com Risco de Doença Arterial Coronariana

Abstract Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is implicated in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD), and IL-6 expression has associated with reduced DNA methylation of its gene promoter. However, there are no data on IL-6 promoter methylation and the risk of CHD. Objective: To examine whether IL-6 promoter methylation measured in blood leukocyte DNA is associated with CHD risk. Methods: A total of 212 cases with CHD and 218 controls were enrolled. Methylation at two CpG sites in IL-6 promoter was measured by bisulfite pyrosequencing, and the mean IL-6 methylation was calculated by averaging the methylation measures of the two CpGs. Results: Mean methylation level in IL-6 promoter in CHD cases was significantly lower than that in controls (p = 0.023). Logistic regression analysis showed that IL-6 methylation was inversely associated with the risk of CHD. The odds ratios (ORs) of CHD for subjects in the second and first (lowest) tertile of IL-6 methylation were 1.87 (95% CI = 1.10‑3.20) and 2.01 (95% CI = 1.19-3.38) (ptrend = 0.013), respectively, compared to subjects in the third (highest) tertile. The IL-6 hypomethylation-related risk estimates tended to be stronger for acute myocardial infarction (ptrend = 0.006). CpG position-specific analysis showed that hypomethylation of position 1 conferred a more pronounced increase in CHD risk than that of position 2. Conclusion: These findings suggest that DNA hypomethylation of IL-6 promoter is associated with the increased risk for CHD, especially for acute myocardial infarction. The two distinct CpGs in IL-6 may contribute differently to the development of CHD.

Resumo Fundamento: Interleucina-6 (IL-6) está implicada na patogênese de doença arterial coronariana (DAC), sendo sua expressão associada com redução da metilação de DNA do promotor do seu gene. Entretanto, não há dados sobre metilação do promotor de IL-6 e risco de DAC. Objetivo: Verificar se a metilação do promotor de IL-6 medida no DNA de leucócitos sanguíneos acha-se associada com risco de DAC. Métodos: este estudo arrolou 212 casos com DAC e 218 controles. Metilação em dois sítios de CpG no promotor de IL-6 foi medida por pirosequenciamento de bissulfito, sendo a metilação média de IL-6 calculada pela média das medidas de metilação dos dois CpGs. Resultados: A média do nível de metilação no promotor de IL-6 nos casos de DAC foi significativamente mais baixa do que nos controles (p = 0,023). Análise de regressão logística mostrou associação inversa entre metilação de IL-6 e risco de DAC. As razões de chance (OR) de DAC para indivíduos no segundo e no primeiro (mais baixo) tercis de metilação de IL-6 foram 1,87 (IC 95%: 1,10-3,20) e 2,01 (IC 95%: 1,19-3,38) (ptrend = 0,013), respectivamente, comparadas à de indivíduos no terceiro (mais alto) tercil. As estimativas de risco relacionado à hipometilação de IL-6 tenderam a ser mais fortes para infarto agudo do miocárdio (ptrend = 0,006). Análise com especificidade de posição de CpG mostrou que hipometilação na posição 1 conferiu maior elevação no risco de DAC do que na posição 2. Conclusão: Tais achados sugerem que a hipometilação de DNA do promotor de IL-6 está associada com elevado risco de DAC, especialmente para infarto agudo do miocárdio. Os dois CpGs distintos no promotor de IL-6 podem contribuir de modo diferente para o desenvolvimento de DAC.

Successful endoscopic treatment of fecalith blocking sinus in a patient with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis / Tratamento endoscópico bem-sucedido de fecálito bloqueando seio em paciente com anastomose bolsa ileal-anal

Background: Ulcerative colitis patients who underwent restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis can develop various mechanical complications. Among them is presacral sinus resulting from chronic anastomotic leak. Methods: We present a symptomatic patient with a large fecalith blocking the sinus which was successfully treated with Doppler ultrasound guided endoscopic needle knife sinusotomy along with fecalith extraction. Results: A 67-year-old female presented with a 4-month history of perianal pain and urgency. Pouchocopy showed a 3-cm deep wide-mouthed anastomotic sinus, the orifice of which was blocked by a large hard fecalith. Removal of the fecalith using RothNet, Tripod, or Basket were made but failed. Then needle knife was applied to cut the orifice to enlarge the opening of the sinus. One month later, the patient returned and the fecalith was successfully removed with two Baskets and two Rothnets. Six months after fecalith extraction, pouchoscopy showed a compartalized distal pouch sinus with two cavities, which was treated by two sessions of Doppler ultrasound guided endoscopic needle knife sinusotomy. Six months following the treatment, the sinus was completed healed. The patient tolerated all procedures well without any complication. Conclusion: Fecalith blocking pouch anastomotic sinus is a rare complication in patients with restorative proctocolectomy. In our case, this surgical complication was successfully treated with a carefully planned, stepwise endoscopy approach. (AU)

Experiênria: Pacientes com colite ulcerativa tratados por proctocolectomia restauradora com anastomose bolsa ileal-anal podem ser acometidos por diversas complicações mecânicas. Entre elas, cita-se o seio pré-sacral resultante de vazamento crônico pela anastomose. Métodos: Apresentamos uma paciente sintomática com um grande fecálito bloqueando o seio, com tratamento bem-sucedido com sinusotomia por bisturi-agulha guiado por ultrassom, juntamente com a extração do fecálito. Resultados: Mulher, 67 anos, apresentou-se com história de 4 meses de dor perianal e urgência. A avaliação endoscópica da bolsa ileal revelou um seio anastomótico com grande abertura situada a 3 cm de profundidade, cujo orifício estava bloqueado por um grande fecálito endurecido. Foi tentada sem sucesso a remoção do fecálito com a ajuda de Roth-Net, Tripod, ou cestos recuperadores. Depois dessas tentativas, aplicamos um bisturi-agulha com o objetivo de seccionar o orifício com vistas à ampliação da abertura do seio. Um mês depois, a paciente retornou, e o fecálito foi removido com sucesso com dois cestos recuperadores e dois RothNets. Transcorridos seis meses após a remoção do fecálito, uma avaliação endoscópica da bolsa ileal revelou um seio distal compartimentado com duas cavidades, tratado por duas sessões de sinusotomia endoscópica por bisturi-agulha guiado por ultrassom. Seis meses depois do tratamento, o seio estava completamente curado. A paciente tolerou satisfatoriamente todos os procedimentos, sem qualquer complicação. Conclusão: A presença de um fecálito bloqueando o seio anastomótico de bolsa ileal é complicação rara em pacientes submetidos a uma proctocolectomia restauradora. Em nosso caso, essa complicação cirúrgica foi tratada com sucesso com uma abordagem endoscópica em etapas, cuidadosamente planejada. (AU)

Needle knife-assisted polypectomy in hot snare-resistant fibrotic inflammatory polyps / Polipectomia assistida por bisturi-agulha em pólipos inflamatórios fibróticos resistentes à cauterização por laço

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory polyps are common sequelae in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Those polyps can usually be removed with snare polypectomy. There were limited data evaluating the management of hot snare-resistant inflammatory polyps. METHODS: We reported on two cases with hot snare-resistant inflammatory polyps, one was a Crohn's disease (CD) patient with the polyp at the ileo-colonic anastomosis (ICA) and the other one was an ulcerative colitis (UC) patient with polyp at the pouch inlet. RESULTS: Sedated endoscopy was performed, which showed a large 2.5 cm pedunculated polyp at the ICA in the first patient and a large 5 cm pedunculated polyp at the pouch inlet in the second patient. Hot snare polypectomy was initially attempted, but failed in both patients. Then endoscopic needle knife polypectomy was performed, which helped complete polypectomy. Both procedures took approximately 25 minutes each. The patients tolerated the procedure well and continued to do well after the procedure. The final pathological diagnoses for both patients were inflammatory polyps with extensive fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic needle knife-assisted polypectomy appeared to be an effective technique for the management of hot snare-resistant inflammatory polyps. (AU)

EXPERIÊNCIA: Pólipos inflamatórios são sequelas comuns em pacientes com doença intestinal inflamatória (DII). Geralmente esses pólipos podem ser removidos pela polipectomia por cauterização com laço. São limitados os dados que avaliam o tratamento de pólipos inflamatórios resistentes à cauterização por laço. MÉTODOS: Descrevemos dois casos com pólipos inflamatórios resistentes à cauterização por laço; um deles se tratava de paciente com doença de Crohn (DC) com o pólipo na anastomose íleo-colônica (AIC), e o outro era paciente de colite ulcerativa (CU) com pólipo na entrada da bolsa. RESULTADOS: Foi efetuada uma endoscopia com o paciente sedado, demonstrando um grande pólipo pedunculado (2,5 cm) na AIC do primeiro paciente e um grande pólipo pedunculado (5 cm) na abertura da bolsa no segundo paciente. Inicialmente, foi tentada polipectomia por cauterização com laço, que falhou nos dois pacientes. Foi então executada a polipectomia assistida por bisturi-agulha, que ajudou na polipectomia completa. Os dois procedimentos levaram 25 minutos cada. Os pacientes toleraram satisfatoriamente o procedimento e, depois da polipectomia, ficaram bem. Os diagnósticos patológicos finais para os dois pacientes foram pólipos inflamatórios com fibrose extensa. CONCLUSÕES: Ao que parece, a polipectomia endoscópica por bisturi-agulha é técnica efetiva para o tratamento de pólipos inflamatórios resistentes à cauterização por laço. (AU)

Effect of adjuvant therapy with Dingguier umbilical paste on intestinal flora of diarrhea infants and its action characteristics / 中国中药杂志

The applicator therapy is a unique method to treat infant diarrhea in traditional Chinese medicines and widely applied in clinical practice. Currently, many researchers have proved the rationality of the therapy based on the traditional Chinese medicine mechanism and on the data from clinical practice, but its action mechanism is uncertain at present. In this study, with the assistance of pediatric practitioners, the automated ribosomal intergenic-spacer analysis (ARISA) was adopted to study the effect of the adjuvant therapy with Dingguier umbilical paste on intestinal flora of diarrhea infants, in which Dingguier umbilical paste served as the adjuvant therapy in oral traditional Chinese medicines and fecal samples of infants with different diarrhea symptoms were collected and used as the study materials. The results showed that the adjuvant therapy had a significant effect on the shift of intestinal flora, which was associated with the decrease in the similarity difference to the normal control group and the increase in the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) shared with the normal control group. Additionally, adjuvant therapy with Dingguier umbilical paste also showed long action duration and increased OTUs number. These results indicated that Dingguier umbilical paste has the effect in restoring the micro-ecosystem of unbalanced intestinal bacteria. Intestinal flora may be one of major targets for the applicator therapy for the infant diarrhea, but not for the single oral traditional Chinese medicine for infant diarrhea.

Management of ileal pouch prolapse with endoscopic hot snare / Tratamento de prolapso da bolsa ileal com alca diatermica endoscopica

Pouch prolapse is a complication following the creation of restorative proctocolectomy. There is a paucity of information in the literature pertaining to its management. An ileal J pouch patient with dyschezia presented to our Pouch Center. Under sedation, pouchoscopy was performed with a gastroscope. We detected an anterior distal pouch mucosal prolapse, 1.5 cm in diameter, blocking the anal canal. The prolapsed mucosa was excised with hot snare under a retroflex view. There was no bleeding or perforation. The entire procedure took 25 minutes. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was discharged home 30 minutes after post-procedural observation. The patient reported the resolution of the dyschezia symptom. The histopathological examination of excised specimen showed small bowel mucosa and sub-mucosa with changes compatible with mucosal prolapse. Endoscopic hot snare appears to be feasible in the management of pouch mucosal prolapse. (AU)

O prolapso da bolsa ileal é uma complicação que pode surgir após a criação da proctocolectomia restauradora. As informações na literatura são escassas quanto ao tratamento. Um paciente com bolsa ileal em "J" e apresentando disquezia deu entrada em nosso centro médico. Sob sedação, realizamos uma endoscopia da bolsa ileal. Detectamos uma bolsa distal anterior com prolapso da mucosa, com 1,5 cm de diâmetro, bloqueando o canal anal. O prolapso da mucosa foi retirado com alça diatérmica sob visão retroflexa. Não houve sangramento ou perfuração. A duração de todo o processo foi de 25 minutos. O paciente tolerou bem o procedimento e recebeu alta após 30 minutos de observação pós-procedimento. O paciente relatou a resolução do sintoma de disquezia. O exame histopatológico do espécime extirpado mostrou a mucosa e submucosa do intestino delgado com alterações compatíveis com o prolapso da mucosa. A alça diatérmica endoscópica parece ser viável no tratamento de prolapso da mucosa da bolsa ileal. (AU)

Endoscopic management of anastomotic bleeding in the ileal pouch with staples removal and clipping / Abordagem endoscópica do sangramento anastomótico da bolsa ileal com a remoção dos grampos e clipagem

OBJECTIVE: Postoperative pouch bleeding is a rare but detrimental complication following ileal pouch surgery. It is usually self-limited, however continuous bleeding requires intervention. There is limited published data on its management. DESIGN: Ileoscopy via stoma for loop ileostomy and pouchoscopy via anus for ileal pouch were performed under sedation for the purpose of diagnosis and management of postoperative bleeding. RESULTS: Ileoscopy demonstrated a large, long blood clot in the lumen of efferent limb, but no sign of active bleeding was identified. Pouchoscopy showed that lumen of pouch body as well as afferent limb was filled with maroon-colored liquid stool. Pouch and neo-terminal ileum mucosa was normal. Two dislodged staples at the anastomotic line with sharp tips towards the lumen were found, with activating bleeding at one site. The staples were removed by biopsy forceps, and active bleeding was successfully controlled by the deployment of one endoclip. CONCLUSIONS: We reported the first case that postoperative pouch bleeding, which was caused by dislodged staples, was successfully managed by endoscopic removal of the staples combined with clipping. (AU)

OBJETIVO: O sangramento pós-operatório da bolsa ileal é uma complicação rara, mas prejudicial após abordagem cirúrgica da bolsa ileal. Esse sangramento é geralmente autolimitado, porém, requer intervenção quando contínuo. Não há dados publicados sobre o tratamento. MÉTODO: Ileoscopia através de estoma para ileostomia em alça e endoscopia via ânus para a bolsa ileal foram realizadas sob sedação para diagnóstico e tratamento do sangramento pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: A ileoscopia demonstrou um grande e longo coágulo sanguíneo no lúmen do ramo eferente, mas nenhum sinal de sangramento ativo foi identificado. A endoscopia da bolsa ileal mostrou que os lumens do corpo da bolsa e ramo aferente estavam cheios de fezes líquidas de cor marrom. A bolsa e a mucosa do íleo neoterminal estavam normais. Dois grampos deslocados na linha da anastomose e com pontas afiadas em direção ao lúmen foram encontrados, com sangramento ativo em um dos locais. Os grampos foram removidos com pinça de biópsia e o sangramento ativo controlado com sucesso pela implantação de um endoclipe. CONCLUSÃO: Relatamos o primeiro caso em que o sangramento pós-operatório da bolsa ileal causado por grampos deslocados foi controlado com sucesso pela remoção endoscópica dos grampos combinada com clipagem. (AU)

Role of inflammation factors in impaired glucose tolerance and sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome in pregnant women / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the possible role of inflammation factors in the pathogenesis of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) with concurrent obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in pregnant women.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-five pregnant women with IGT and concurrent OSAHS and 35 pregnant women with IGT but not OSAHS were monitored for all night polysomnography (PSG), and the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest pulse oxygen saturation (LSpO2) were recorded. The body mass index, glycated serum protein (GSP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured in these women.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>IL-6 and TNF-α levels increased significantly in women with IGT and OSAHS as compared with those in women without OSAHS. AHI showed significant positive correlations to GSP, IL-6 and TNF-α, whereas LSpO2 was inversely correlated to GSP, IL-6 and TNF-α. IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly correlated to GSP, with correlation coefficients of 0.510 and 0.476, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The inflammatory factors may play important roles in IGT complicated by OSAHS in pregnant women, and as a potential risk factor, OSAHS may contribute to the occurrence of progression of IGT.</p>

Relation of advanced oxidation protein products with VEGF and TGF-β1 in colon cancer cells exposed to intermittent hypoxia / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) with oxidative stress in colon cancer cells exposed to intermittent hypoxia (IH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Colon cancer SW480 cells were exposed to IH, continuous hypoxia, or normoxia. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to examine the levels of AOPP and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), xanthine oxidase assay was used to determine malonaldehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay were performed for detection of transforming growth factor-β(1) (TGF-β(1)) expression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normoxia group, the two hypoxia groups showed significantly increased AOPP and MDA levels (P<0.05) and lowered SOD and GSH-PX levels (P<0.05). The concentration of AOPP was positively correlated to MDA, VEGF, and TGF-β(1) levels (P<0.05), but inversely to SOD. No significant correlation was found between AOPP and GSH-PX levels.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with continuous hypoxia, IH results in more obvious protein oxidation in relation to oxidative stress. The increased expression of VEGF and TGF-β(1) in the context of hypoxia is closely related to AOPP level.</p>

Genetic analysis and gene fine mapping of aroma in rice (Oryza sativa L. Cyperales, Poaceae)

We investigated inheritance and carried out gene fine mapping of aroma in crosses between the aromatic elite hybrid rice Oryza sativa indica variety Chuanxiang-29B (Ch-29B) and the non-aromatic rice O. sativa indica variety R2 and O. sativa japonica Lemont (Le). The F1 grains and leaves were non-aromatic while the F2 non-aroma to aroma segregation pattern was 3:1. The F3 segregation ratio was consistent with the expected 1:2:1 for a single recessive aroma gene in Ch-29B. Linkage analysis between simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and the aroma locus for the aromatic F2 plants mapped the Ch-29B aroma gene to a chromosome 8 region flanked by SSR markers RM23120 at 0.52 cM and RM3459 at 1.23 cM, a replicate F2 population confirming these results. Three bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones cover chromosome 8 markers RM23120 and RM3459. Our molecular mapping data from the two populations indicated that the aroma locus occurs in a 142.85 kb interval on BAC clones AP005301 or AP005537, implying that it might be the same gene reported by Bradbury et al (2005a; Plant Biotec J. 3:363-370). The flanking markers Aro7, RM23120 and RM3459 identified by us could greatly accelerate the efficiency and precision of aromatic rice breeding programs.

The value of 64-slice spiral CT angiography based on pre-contrasted raw data in diagnosing pulmonary arteriovenous fistula / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of 64-slice spiral CT angiography based on pre- contrasted raw data in diagnosing pulmonary arteriovenous fistula.Methods 64-slice spiral CT plain scan and enhanced scan was performed in 16 patients with pulmonary arteriovenous fistula,pulmonary angiography based on pre-contrast and post-contrast raw data was performed respectively,including maximum intensity projection(MIP),shaded-surface display(SSD),and volume rendering(VR).According to the results of angiocardiography and surgical findings,comparson of the three methods was made in the display of PAVF in pre-contrast and post-contrast phase images.Results 8 of the 16 PAVF cases were single lesion,8 cases were multi-lesions.30 PAVF lesions were found in all the patients.MIP,SSD and VR based on pre-contrast raw data displayed PAVF lesions in 20,14,and 22,respectively.The combination of the 3 methods based on pre-contrast raw data could show 26 PAVF lesions.MIP,SSD,and VR based on post-contrast raw data displayed PAVF lesions in 24,18,and 30,respectively.The combination of the 3 methods based on post- contrast raw data could show 30 PAVF lesions.Conclusion 64-slice spiral CT angiography based on pre- contrasted raw data can clearly show the position,number,and shape of PAVF lesions,which is of great value in diagnosing PAVF.

Hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen:CT findings / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To observe the CT findings of hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen. Methods CT findings of cochlear nerve foramen were observed in 50 volunteers (100 ears)and in 9 cases with hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen.The width of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve were measured in both groups.Results The fissure in the cribriform area were seen in every volunteers.The width of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve was (2.32?0.25)mm in normal group.The stenosis of cochlear nerve foramen were shown in 9 cases (10 ears),the lacking of fissure in the cribriform area were seen in 8 ears, while the fissure were shown in 2 cases.The stenosis of internal auditory canal was shown in 4 cases. Abnormality of vestibule and horizontal semicircular canal was shown in one case.The maximum value of the width of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve was 1.5mm,the minimum value was 0.9 mm.Conclusions The typical CT findings of hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen were stenosis of cochlear nerve foramen,the lacking of fissure in the cribriform area and cochlear nerve foramen without helix shape.The hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen may be a subtype of cochlear dysplasia.