Correlation of extracellular enzymes activity of Candida glabrata clinical isolates with in vivo pathogenicity in Galleria mellonella larvae / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To explore the relationship between extracellular enzymes activity and virulence of Candida glabrata clinical isolates based on the infection model of Galleria mellonella larvae. Methods: Using experimental research methods, 71 strains of non-repetitive Candida glabrata were collected from Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital from June 2021 to January 2022. Bovine serum protein agar medium, egg yolk agar medium, sheep blood agar medium, Tween-80 agar medium and triglyceride agar medium were used to detect the aspartyl protease activity, phospholipase activity, hemolysis activity, esterase activity and lipase activity of Candida glabrata. Median lethal concentration (LC50) was calculated by using 1.25×108 CFU/ml,2.50×108 CFU/ml,3.75×108 CFU/ml,5.00×108 CFU/ml suspension of Candida glabrata ATCC2001 to infect Galleria mellonella larvae. Histopathological and etiological analysis was performed to determine whether the infection model was successfully established. The clinical isolates of Candida glabrata were configured to infect Galleria mellonella larvae with LC50 concentration to detect the pathogenicity of Galleria mellonella larvae.Spearman test or Pearson test were used to analyze the correlation between the extracellular enzyme activity of Candida glabrata clinical isolates and the pathogenicity of Galleria mellonella larvae. Results: 71 strains of Candida glabrata isolated clinically were detected to have low hemolytic activity after 2 days of culture. Aspartyl protease was detected after 4 days of culture, among which 7 strains (9.86%), 19 strains (26.76%) and 45 strains (63.38%) showed low, medium and high aspartyl protease activity. After 7 days of culture, 71 strains did not detect phospholipase, esterase and lipase activities. Candida glabrata on Galleria mellonella larvae of LC50=2.5×108 CFU/ml Fungal spore were found in the intestinal tissue pathological section of Galleria mellonella larvae in the experimental group, and Candida glabrata was identified by the microbial Mass Spectrometry after culture, while no fungi were found in the pathological section and culture of the control group. Spearman test shows that, there was a linear positive correlation between aspartyl protease activity and the survival rate of Galleria mellonella larvae (r = 0.73, P<0.01), the difference was statistically significant.Pearson test shows that, there was no significant linear relationship between hemolytic activity and survival rate of Galleria mellonella larvae (r = 0.16, P = 0.34), the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The clinical isolates of Candida glabrata in this study had aspartyl protease activity and low hemolytic activity, but no phospholipase, esterase and lipase activity. The activity of aspartyl aspartyl protease of Candida glabrata was positively correlated with the pathogenicity of Galleria mellonella larvae.

Research progress of Shegan Mahuang Decoction and predictive analysis on its Q-markers / 中国中药杂志

Shegan Mahuang Decoction has been used in clinical practice for thousands of years, and is a classical formula for treating asthma and other respiratory diseases, with the effects of ventilating lung, dispersing cold, and relieving cough and asthma. This paper summarized the history, clinical application and mechanism of Shegan Mahuang Decoction, and predicted its quality markers(Q-markers) based on the "five principles" of Q-markers. The results suggested that irisflorentin, tectoridin, tectorigenin, irigenin, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, asarinin, methyleugenol, shionone, epifriedelanol, tussilagone, 6-gingerol, trigonelline, cavidine, schizandrin, and schizandrin B could be used as Q-markers of Shegan Mahuang Decoction, which provided a basis for the quality control and subsequent research and development of Shegan Mahuang Decoction.

Design for online monitoring of occupational hazard factors based on internet of things / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

At present, there are disadvantages with the detection for occupational hazard factors, such as insufficient monitoring data, poor timeliness, weak representativeness, long detection cycles, and inability to continuously monitor. Taking advantages of internet of things technology, an online monitoring platform for occupational hazard factors has been designed. The platform collects the concentration (intensity) of hazard factors through sensors, transmits the occupational hazards data collected online in realtime. The online monitoring cloud center for occupational hazard factors processes and analyzes online monitoring data in realtime, stores the hazard factors data to form database management, and provides user application services to form an intelligent online monitoring service model for occupational hazard factors. Based on the online monitoring platform of occupational hazard factors, multi-level government health supervision departments and employers can grasp the status of hazard factors in real time, which is conducive to improving the level of occupational hazard supervision.

Analysis of noise reduction measures in a noise workshop handover control room / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To explore the sound insulation, sound absorption and other noise reduction transformation methods in a noise workshop handover control room. Methods: In December 2021, through the occupational health investigation and on-site testing of the handover control room of a noise workshop, the causes of excessive noise were analyzed, and the transformation design scheme to reduce noise was proposed and the effect was analyzed. Results: Before the transformation, the peak frequency band noise intensity of the noise workshop handover control room was 112.8 dB (A), and the peak frequency was 1000 Hz. After noise reduction, the theoretical calculated control value was 61.0 dB (A), and the measured noise intensity was 59.8 dB (A) . Conclusion: The noise intensity of the handover control room is reduced after noise reduction, which is in line with the contact limit requirements of the control room in GBZ 1-2010 "Hygienic Standards for the Design of Industrial Enterprises", and has reference significance for noise control engineering.

Improvement effect of Shegan Mahuang Decoction on rats with cold-induced asthma based on TRPV1/NRF-1/mtTFA pathway / 中国中药杂志

This study investigated the therapeutic effect of Shegan Mahuang Decoction(SGMHD) on cold-induced asthma in rats and explored its underlying mechanism. Seventy-two healthy male SD rats of specific pathogen free(SPF) grade were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a positive control group(dexamethasone, 0.4 mg·kg~(-1)), and low-, medium-, and high-dose SGMHD groups(3.2, 6.4, and 12.8 g·kg~(-1)). The blank group received saline, while the other groups were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin(OVA) solution. Subsequently, the rats were placed in a cold chamber adjustable to 0-2 ℃, and OVA solution was ultrasonically nebulized to induce cold-induced asthma in rats. After three weeks of treatment, the general behaviors of rats were observed. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to evaluate pathological changes in lung tissues, periodic acid-Schiff(PAS) staining assessed mucin changes, and Masson staining was performed to examine collagen deposition. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure the levels of the inflammatory factors interleukin-4(IL-4) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was employed to assess the mRNA expression levels of transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1(TRPV1), nuclear respiratory factor 1(NRF-1), and mitochondrial transcription factor A(mtTFA) in lung tissues. Western blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of TRPV1, NRF-1, and mtTFA in lung tissues. Compared with the blank group, the model group exhibited signs of rapid respiration, increased frequency of defecation with looser stools, and disheveled and dull fur. Pathological results showed significant infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissues, narrowing of bronchial lumens, increased mucin secretion, and enhanced collagen deposition in the model group. Additionally, the levels of IL-4 and VEGF in serum and BALF were significantly elevated, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of TRPV1, NRF-1, and mtTFA in lung tissues were significantly increased. Compared with the model group, SGMHD improved the behaviors of rats, alleviated pathological changes in lung tissues, mucin production, and collagen deposition, significantly decreased the levels of IL-4 and VEGF in serum and BALF, and reduced the mRNA expression levels of TRPV1, NRF-1, and mtTFA in lung tissues, with the medium-dose SGMHD group showing the most significant effect. Moreover, the protein expression levels of TRPV1, NRF-1, and mtTFA in lung tissues were also reduced, with the medium-dose SGMHD group exhibiting the most significant effect. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that SGMHD can alleviate airway inflammation and inhibit airway remodeling in cold-induced asthma rats. These effects may be associated with the modulation of the TRPV1/NRF-1/mtTFA signaling pathway.

Influence of visceral lipids obesity on the early postoperative complications after radical gastrectomy / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the effect of visceral fat area (VFA) on the surgical efficacy and early postoperative complications of radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods: A retrospective cohort study method was used. Clinicopathological data and preoperative imaging data of 195 patients who underwent D2 radical gastric cancer surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2014 to December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Inclusion criteria: (1) complete clinicopathological and imaging data; (2) malignant gastric tumor diagnosed by preoperative pathology, and gastric cancer confirmed by postoperative pathology; (3) no preoperative complications such as bleeding, obstruction or perforation, and no distant metastasis. Those who had a history of abdominal surgery, concurrent malignant tumors, poor basic conditions, emergency surgery, palliative resection, and preoperative neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. The VFA was calculated by software and VFA ≥ 100 cm2 was defined as visceral obesity according to the Japan Obesity Association criteria . The patients were divided into high VFA (VFA-H, VFA≥100 cm2, n=96) group and low VFA (VFA-L, VFA<100 cm2, n=99) group . The clinicopathological characteristics, surgical outcomes and early postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors of early complications. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze predictive values of VFA for early complications. Pearson's χ2 test was used to analyze the correlation between BMI and VFA. Results: There were no significant differences in terms of gender, age, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification, preoperative comorbidities, preoperative anemia, tumor TNM staging, N staging, T staging and tumor differentiation, surgical method, extent of resection, and tumor location between the VFA-L group and the VFA-H group (all P>0.05). However, patients in the VFA-H group had higher BMI, larger tumor, lower rate of hypoalbuminemia and greater subcutaneous fat area (SFA) (all P<0.05). The VFA-H group presented significantly longer operation time and significantly less number of harvested lymph nodes as compared to the VFA-L group (both P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss, conversion to laparotomy and postoperative hospital stay (all P>0.05). Complications of Clavien-Dindo grade II and above within 30 days after operation were mainly anastomosis-related complications (leakage, bleeding, infection and stricture), intestinal obstruction and incision infection. The VFA-H group had a higher morbidity of early complications compared to the VFA-L group [24.0% (23/96) vs 10.1% (10/99), χ2=6.657, P=0.010], and the rates of anastomotic complications and incision infection were also higher in the VFA group [10.4% (10/96) vs. 3.0% (3/99), χ2=4.274, P=0.039; 7.3% (7/96) vs. 1.0% (1/99), P=0.033]. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that high BMI (OR=3.688, 95%CI: 1.685-8.072, P=0.001) and high VFA (OR=2.526, 95%CI: 1.148-5.559,P=0.021) were independent risk factors for early complications. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of VFA for predicting early complications was 0.645, which was higher than that of body weight (0.591), BMI (0.624) and SFA (0.626). Correlation analysis indicated that there was a significantly positive correlation between BMI and VFA (r=0.640, P<0.001). Conclusion: VFA ≥ 100 cm2 is an independent risk factor for early complications after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.It can better predict the occurrence of above early postoperative complications.

Efficacy of laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction versus laparoscopic total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction for early upper gastric cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To compare clinical efficacy between laparoscopic radical proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction (LPG-DTR) and laparoscopic radical total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction (LTG-RY) in patients with early upper gastric cancer, and to provide a reference for the selection of surgical methods in early upper gastric cancer. Methods: A retrospective cohort study method was carried out. Clinical data of 80 patients with early upper gastric cancer who underwent LPG-DTR or LTG-RY by the same surgical team at the Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2018 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the DTR group (32 cases) and R-Y group (48 cases) according to surgical procedures and digestive tract reconstruction methods. Surgical and pathological characteristics, postoperative complications (short-term complications within 30 days after surgery and long-term complications after postoperative 30 days), survival time and nutritinal status were compared between the two groups. For nutritional status, reduction rate was used to represent the changes in total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, body mass, hemoglobin and vitamin B12 levels at postoperative 1-year and 2-year. Non-normally distributed continuous data were presented as median (interquartile range), and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between groups. The χ(2) test or Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of data between groups. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the ranked data between groups. The survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method categorical, and compared by using the log-rank test. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in baseline data betweeen the two groups, except that patients in the R-Y group were oldere and had larger tumor. Patients of both groups successfully completed the operation without conversion to laparotomy, combined organ resection, or perioperative death. There were no significant differences in the distance from proximal resection margin to superior margin of tumor, postoperative hospital stay, time to flatus and food-taking, hospitalization cost, short- and long-term complications between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the R-Y group, the DTR group had shorter distal margins [(3.2±0.5) cm vs. (11.7±2.0) cm, t=-23.033, P<0.001], longer surgery time [232.5 (63.7) minutes vs. 185.0 (63.0) minutes, Z=-3.238, P=0.001], longer anastomosis time [62.5 (17.5) minutes vs. 40.0 (10.0) minutes, Z=-6.321, P<0.001], less intraoperative blood loss [(138.1±51.6) ml vs. (184.3±62.1) ml, t=-3.477, P=0.001], with significant differences (all P<0.05). The median follow-up of the whole group was 18 months, and the 2-year cancer-specific survival rate was 97.5%, with 100% in the DTR group and 95.8% in the R-Y group (P=0.373). Compared with R-Y group at postoperative 1 year, the reduction rate of weight, hemoglobin and vitamin B12 were lower in DTR group with significant differences (all P<0.05); at postoperative 2-year, the reduction rate of vitamin B12 was still lower with significant differences (P<0.001), but the reduction rates of total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, body weight and hemoglobin were similar between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: LPG-DTR is safe and feasible in the treatment of early upper gastric cancer. The short-term postoperative nutritional status and long-term vitamin B12 levels of patients undergoing LPG-DTR are superior to those undergoing LTG-RY.

Mechanism of Combination of Pungent Dispersing Bitter Evacuant in Treatment of Asthma Based on Theory of Five Flavor Compatibility / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Bronchial asthma， a chronic inflammatory airway disease， belongs to the category of wheezing disease in the system of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. The wheezing symptom of this disease is mainly caused by the imbalance of lung Qi. According to the theory of five flavor compatibility， the Chinese medicinal materials with five different flavors （pungent， bitter， sour， sweet， and salty） can be combined to produce new functions. The pungent medicinal materials have dispersing effect and the bitter medicinal materials have discharging effect， which are important components in the theory of five flavor compatibility. Pungent herbs and bitter herbs can relieve the adverse lung Qi， occupying an important position in the current medication for the treatment of asthma. However， there is still a lack of in-depth analysis of the TCM theory and mechanism of the compatibility of pungent herbs and bitter herbs in the treatment of asthma. The molecular mechanisms of action of pungent herbs and bitter herbs are closely related to transient receptor potential （TRP） channels and bitter taste receptors （TAS2Rs）， respectively. Ca2+ signaling has been recognized in the process of asthma and is involved in the development of multiple symptoms of asthma. The TRP channels and TAS2Rs located on the cell membrane have been proved to directly regulate the intracellular Ca2+ signal and play a role in the treatment of asthma. Therefore， the dispersing effect of pungent herbs and the discharging effect of bitter herbs may be realized through the Ca2+ signaling pathway mediated by TRPs/TAS2Rs. We summarized the theoretical understanding and modern studies of pungent herbs dispersing lung Qi and bitter herbs discharging lung Qi， aiming to explain the internal relationship and mechanism of the compatibility of pungent herbs and bitter herbs in the treatment of asthma from the perspective of TCM theory and modern medicine. The compatibility of pungent herbs and bitter herbs based on the theory of five flavor compatibility for the treatment of asthma has a solid theoretical basis of TCM， and its mechanism can be verified by modern research. Therefore， it may be a main research direction in the treatment of asthma by Chinese medicinal herbs in the future.

Research progress on uranium-induced renal injury / 中国职业医学

Kidney is the main target organ of uranium after acute and chronic ingestion. Due to the lack of reliable biomarkers in the study of uranium-induced renal injury, the epidemiological data are not enough to quantify the effects of uranium on human health, and it leads to the inconclusive and inconsistent research results. This paper is focused on the analysis on research progression of domestic and foreign biomarkers of renal injury in uranium drinking water residents, uranium occupational exposure population and Gulf War veterans. The indicators including small molecular proteins and enzymes that reflect the damage of proximal and distal tubules and glomerular, such as β_2-microglobulin, α-microglobulin, retinol binding protein, micro albumin, kidney injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin, alkaline phosphatase, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase, etc. It is suggested that molecular epidemiology should be applied to long-term cohort studies, and molecular biological detection and analytic techniques should be combined with cohort data information to clarify the dose-effect relationship of biological indicators.

Direct acting substances discovery of estrogen effect of Cuscuta chinensis in vivo / 药学学报

The direct acting substances of Cuscuta chinensis in vivo were preliminarily identified through the correlation analysis of "metabolites-effect identification" model. The ovariectomized female rats were i.g administered with 95% ethanol extract part, 40% ethanol elution part and n-butanol extract part of Cuscuta chinensis. The serum fingerprints of different parts and times of administration were established by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. At the same time, serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were detected. Bivariate correlation analysis and grey correlation analysis were used to screen estrogenic components. The results showed that nine direct acting substances in vivo highly related to estrogen effect were found in the drug containing serum, which were hyperoside, astragalin, methyl quercetin glucuronide, quercetin-diglucuronide, quercetin, apigenin, isoquercitrin, kaempferol glucuronide and kaempferol. We can preliminarily screen out the direct acting substance of estrogen effect of Cuscuta chinensis in vivo based on the research idea of serum spectrum effect correlation. It provides a reliable basis for revealing the estrogeneffective substances of Cuscuta chinensis and confirming the quality markers. This experiment was approved by Harbin University of Commerce Ethics Committees (Approval No. HSDU2020-065).

Screening and determination of estrogen-like quality markers of Cuscuta chinensis / 中草药

Objective: To preliminarily screen out the estrogen-like quality markers of small grain Cuscuta chinensis from Heilongjiang Province, so as to provide reference for its subsequent experimental research and quality control. Methods: UPLC- Q-TOFMS/MS was used to qualitatively analyze the extract of C. chinensis and the fingerprints of different polar fractions were established. The estrogenic activity of different polar fractions was evaluated with uterine coefficient, endometrial thickness and serum estrogen level of mice. The bivariate correlation analysis and gray relational analysis were used to construct the composition-activity relationship between chemicals and the effects of estrogen for screening quality markers. And the content determination methods of the five quality markers were established. Results: A total of 10 quality markers related to the estrogenic effect from C. chinensis were found in the positive and negative ion scanning modes. They were hyperoside, astragalin, stigmasterol, neocuscutoside C, apigenin, kaempferol, 6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-α-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin, isorhamnetin, and 2,6-octadecadiynoic acid. The contents of the five quality markers were determined as follows: hyperoside (2.753 ± 0.097) mg/g, quercetin (1.139 ± 0.107) mg/g, apigenin (1.104 ± 0.047) mg/g, kaempferol (1.144 ± 0.079) mg/g and isorhamnetin (0.697 ± 0.074) mg/g. Conclusion: The quality markers of small grain C. chinensis from Heilongjiang Province can be screened out according to the composition-activity relationship, and the method for the detect the concentrations of the quality markers is accurate and stable.

RON and MET Co-overexpression Are Significant Pathological Characteristics of Poor Survival and Therapeutic Targets of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

Purpose@#Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly malignant and has poor prognosis and a high mortality rate. The lack of effective therapy has spurred our investigation of new targets for treating this malignant cancer. Here, we identified RON (macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor) and MET (MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic targets for potential TNBC treatment. @*Materials and Methods@#We analyzed RON and MET expression in 187 primary TNBC clinical samples with immunohistochemistry. We validated the targeted therapeutic effects of RON and MET in TNBC using three tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs): BMS-777607, INCB28060, and tivantinib. The preclinical therapeutic efficacy of the TKIs was mainly estimated using a TNBC xenograft model. @*Results@#Patients with TNBC had widespread, abnormal expression of RON and MET. There was RON overexpression, MET overexpression, and RON and MET co-overexpression in 63 (33.7%), 63 (33.7%), and 43 cases (23.0%), respectively, which had poor prognosis and short survival. In vivo, the TKI targeting RON ant MET inhibited the activation of the downstream signaling molecules, inhibited TNBC cell migration and proliferation, and increased TNBC cell apoptosis; in the xenograft model, they significantly inhibited tumor growth and shrank tumor volumes. The TKI targeting RON and Met, such as BMS-777607 and tivantinib, yielded stronger anti-tumor effects than INCB28060. @*Conclusion@#RON and MET co-overexpression can be significant pathological characteristics in TNBC for poor prognosis. TKIs targeting RON and MET have stronger drug development potential for treating TNBC.

Effect of Whole Body Vibration on Abilities of Lower Extremities for Stroke Patients / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the effect of whole body vibration (WBV) on lower extremities loading, balance and walking for stroke patients based on weight-bearing training. Methods:In 2017, 70 stroke inpatients were randomly divided into control group (n = 35) and experimental group (n = 35). They all accepted routine rehabilitation and weight-bearing training, while the experimental group accepted WBV in addition, for six weeks. They were assessed with weight-bearing time, gait length and speed, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) before and after treatment. Results:The weight-bearing time, gait length and speed, and the scores of BBS and FAC improved after treatment in both groups (t > 8.835, P < 0.001), and improved more in the experimental group than in the control group (F > 19.644, P < 0.001). Conclusion:WBV may further improve the abilities of lower extremities for stroke patients.

Adult sacrococcygeal teratoma: a retrospective study over eight years at a single institution / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Objective: To determine the clinical, imaging, and histological features, and surgical resection modalities and outcomes of adult sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT). Methods: Adult patients with histopathologically diagnosed SCT were enrolled in our hospital between August 2010 and August 2018. Each patient’s characteristics and clinical information were reviewed. Results: There were 8 patients in the study (2 males, 6 females) with a median age of 34 years (range, 18–67 years). The time to clinical symptoms was 14 d to 35 years, with a median time of 4 years. Six patients presented with symptoms of sacrococcygeal pain, and four with signs of sacrococcygeal mass and ulceration in the sacrococcygeal region. Six patients were evaluated using a combination of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All patients showed a presacral tumor with heterogeneous intensity on CT images. All patients underwent surgical treatment, including 6 parasacral, 1 transabdominal, and 1 combined anterior-posterior surgery cases. Seven patients were histopathologically diagnosed with benign mature SCT, and have shown no recurrence. One patient had malignant SCT, with recurrence at 84 months after surgery. After a second surgery, the patient had no recurrence within 6 months follow-up after re-resection. Conclusions: Our retrospective study demonstrated: (1) adult SCT is difficult to diagnose because of a lack of typical clinical symptoms and signs; (2) a combination of CT and MRI examination is beneficial for preoperative diagnosis; (3) the choice of surgical approach and surgical resection modality depends on the size, location, and components of the tumor, which can be defined from preoperative CT and MRI evaluation; (4) most adult SCTs are benign; the surgical outcome for the malignant SCT patient was good after complete resection. Even for the patient with recurrent malignant SCT, the surgical outcome was good after re-resection.

Adult sacrococcygeal teratoma: a retrospective study over eight years at a single institution / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the clinical, imaging, and histological features, and surgical resection modalities and outcomes of adult sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT).@*METHODS@#Adult patients with histopathologically diagnosed SCT were enrolled in our hospital between August 2010 and August 2018. Each patient's characteristics and clinical information were reviewed.@*RESULTS@#There were 8 patients in the study (2 males, 6 females) with a median age of 34 years (range, 18-67 years). The time to clinical symptoms was 14 d to 35 years, with a median time of 4 years. Six patients presented with symptoms of sacrococcygeal pain, and four with signs of sacrococcygeal mass and ulceration in the sacrococcygeal region. Six patients were evaluated using a combination of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All patients showed a presacral tumor with heterogeneous intensity on CT images. All patients underwent surgical treatment, including 6 parasacral, 1 transabdominal, and 1 combined anterior-posterior surgery cases. Seven patients were histopathologically diagnosed with benign mature SCT, and have shown no recurrence. One patient had malignant SCT, with recurrence at 84 months after surgery. After a second surgery, the patient had no recurrence within 6 months follow-up after re-resection.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Our retrospective study demonstrated: (1) adult SCT is difficult to diagnose because of a lack of typical clinical symptoms and signs; (2) a combination of CT and MRI examination is beneficial for preoperative diagnosis; (3) the choice of surgical approach and surgical resection modality depends on the size, location, and components of the tumor, which can be defined from preoperative CT and MRI evaluation; (4) most adult SCTs are benign; the surgical outcome for the malignant SCT patient was good after complete resection. Even for the patient with recurrent malignant SCT, the surgical outcome was good after re-resection.

Therapeutic Observation of Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion at Acupoint for Type 2 Diabetes / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the difference between continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) at acupoint and CSII at non-acupoint in treating type 2 diabetes, for providing a novel option in selecting the insulin injection site. Method Sixty-six subjects with type 2 diabetes were randomized into a treatment group of 32 cases and a control group of 34 cases. The treatment group was intervened by CSII at acupoint, while the control group was intervened by CSII at non-acupoint. The body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h-postprandial plasma glucose (P2hPG), bedtime blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), consumption of insulin, and the score of diabetes symptom grading and quantification of the two groups were compared. Result The blood sugar level, insulin consumption, HbA1c level and symptom score declined significantly after treatment in both groups (P<0.05);the BMI and initial dosage of insulin in the treatment group dropped significantly after treatment in the treatment group (P<0.05); after treatment, the BMI, FPG level, initial dosage of insulin and symptom score in the treatment group were markedly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); there were no significant differences between the treatment group and the control group in the P2 hBG level, bedtime glucose sugar level, HbA1c level, pre-prandial insulin dose and total effective rate (P>0.05). Conclusion CSII at acupoint and at non-acupoint both can effectively improve the disease condition of type 2 diabetes. The treatment group is superior to the control group in controlling BMI and FPG, reducing the initial level of insulin, and improving the symptoms, and the treatment group presents a higher total effective rate with the increase of treatment duration compared with the control group. It is indicated that insulin infusion at abdominal acupoint has a certain advantage in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Research on energy respond characteristics of new diagnostic dosimeter / 中国医学装备

Objective: To carry out comparative study on energy respond characteristics of 4 kinds of medical diagnostic X-ray dosimeters that included general new imported equipment and domestic equipment.Methods: In the standard radiation field of secondary standard dosimetry laboratory(SSDL)of IAEA,substitution method was adopted to complete contrast measurement of 10 kinds of X-ray diagnosis radiations which voltage were 60-150 kV,tube current were 10 mA and 2.5 mmAl was used as filterable addition.Results: The results of energy respond performances of domestic RD-98 diagnosis dosimeter and imported dosimeter indicated that all of these responses of different energy to dose were within ±5％when X-ray range was 6-150 kV.Conclusion: The energy response characteristics of 4 kinds of new diagnosis X-ray dosimeter were better,and the response of different energy to dose conforms to the requirement of IEC in diagnosis dosimeters of semiconductor detector and air ionization chamber.

Effect of different glucocorticoid administration routes in treatment of children's secretory otitis media and impacts on immunologic function / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To analyze the effect of different glucocorticoid administration routes in the treatment of children's secretory otitis media and impacts on immunologic function.Methods:Clinical data of children with secretory otitis media received treatment at our hospital from January 2016 to June 2016 were analyzed.Patients were divided into two groups by different glucocorticoid administration routes,Group A:intratympanic injection;Group B:oral administration.After one week,clinical effects and immunologic functions were tested and compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 87 patients were analyzed,Group A 45 cases,Group B 42 cases.After one week treatment,both of the two groups got significantly improved in audiology indexe (P<0.05),however,these index were more better in Group A when compared with those of Group B(P<0.05).Meanwhile,Group A patients got higher cure rate than that of Group B (91.1%,41/45 vs 73.8%,31/42;X2=4.558,P=0.033).Both of the two groups got significantly improved in CD3+T,CD4+T and CD4/CD8 (P<0.05) and decreased in CD8,IL-4,IFN-γ and IL-4/IFN-γ(P<0.05),but these markers changed more significant in Group A (P<0.05).Group A patients had a lower recurrence rate than Group B patients one year after treatment, the difference was statistically significant (9.76%,4/41 vs 29.03%,9/31;Log-rank X2=4.698,P=0.030).Conclusion:The treatment of children's secretory otitis media,the intratympanic injection of glucocorticoid shows a better effect than that of oral cortico-steroids.

Effects of Different Types of Exercise on Motor Function in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To observe the effects of aerobic training and aerobic combined with resistance training on motor function, like muscle strength,cardiopulmonary endurance and so on,in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD). Methods From July,2015 to August,2016,60 patients with CKD were randomly divided into control group(A,n=20), aerobic training group(B,n=20)and aerobic combined with resistance training group(C,n=20).Group B per-formed cycle ergometer at 50% peak oxygen uptake(VO2peak)for 30 minutes a time,and group C performed one section of Thera-Band resistance training based on group B, three times a week for twelve weeks.All patients were evaluated with one repetition maximum-upper limb (1 RM-U), one repetition maximum-lower limb (1 RM-L),Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test(CPET),Arm Curl Test(ACT),30-second Chair Stand(CS-30),Six-Min-ute Walk Test(6MWT),and estimated gomerular filtration rate(eGFR)and serum creatinine(sCr)were calculat-ed and recorded before and after training. Results There was no significant difference in all indexes among three groups before training(F<1.841,P>0.05).After training,all indexes improved in groups B and C(t>2.162,P<0.05),and were better in groups B and C than in group A(t>2.132, P<0.05).After training, 1 RM-U, 1 RM-L, VO2peak,ACT, CS-30 and 6MWT were better in group C than in group B(t>2.081,P<0.05). Conclusion Aerobic training could improve the motor function of patients with CKD,and it is more effective combined with resistance training.

Status of hemodialysis and qualified status of dialysis water and dialysate in a city / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate current status of hemodialysis,and qualified status of dialysis water and dia-lysate in a city. Methods Status of hemodialysis in 36 medical institutions in a city which conducted blood purifica-tion programme was surveyed,dialysis water and dialysate were collected to perform microbial detection(including conventional and low temperature culture methods)and on-site ATP detection.Results 13.89% of equipments for water treatment were used less than 1 year,5.56% were used for more than 10 years. 77.78% of medical institu-tions didn't replace sand filtration which had been used for more than 1 year,the replacement time of 72.22% of fil-ter core was less than 3 months,2.78% of reverse water supply pipeline was used for more than 10 years.77.78%of medical institutions used finished A solution,72.22% used finished B solution,22.22% used centrally provided A solution,19.44% used centrally provided B solution,and 8.34% used self-made B solution. Routine microbial detection in 36 medical institutions were qualified,but 80.56% of detection results were"0" value for long period;ATP detection of on-site collected dialysis water and dialysate were all qualified. One specimen for microbial detec-tion under normal temperature exceeded the standard,2 reached the intervention value;4 specimens for microbial detection under low temperature exceeded the standard,6 reached the intervention value;qualified rates of 3 kinds of detection methods among different levels of medical institutions weren't significantly different(all P>0.05).Con-clusion The overall quality of hemodialysis water and dialysate in this city is good,the majority of medical institutions pay attention to the routine maintenance of water treatment equipment,detect the quality of hemodialysis water and dialysate regularly,but microbial detection technique needs to be improved,causes for abnormal results or intervention value of rou-tine detection needs to be analyzed and improved continuously.