Role of SIRTl/Nrf2/HO-l pathway in attenuation of learning and memory impairment by sevoflurane postcondition in a mouse model of hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the role of SIRT1/Nrf2 / HO-1 in alleviating the cognitive function impairment by sevoflurane treatment in a mouse model of postoperative cerebral reperfusion. Methods C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into five groups: sham operation group, hemorrhagic shock reperfusion group, sevoflurane postconditioning group, sevoflurane postcondition-ing + SIRT1 inhibitor group and sevoflurane postconditioning + Nrf2 inhibitor group. Mice were subjected to Morris water maze test after cerebral ischemia reperfusion. The ATP, superoxide dismutase (SOD), ROS and MDA contents in tissue of mice were detected. SIRT1, Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins in tissue were detected by Western blot. Results After hemorrhagic shock, the learning and memory ability of mice was reduced.ATP and SOD concentration in hippocampus was reduced , MDA and ROS concentration increased, and the SIRT, Nrf2 and HO-1 concentration was reduced. Sevoflurane improved the cognitive dysfunction and oxi-dative damage in postoperative mice, and the neuro-protective effect of sevoflurane on hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation mice was weakened followed with SIRT1 and Nrf2 inhibitors. Conclusion Sevoflurane probably alleviates the oxidative reaction damage and cognitive impairment caused by cerebral reperfusion in mice through SIRT1/Nrf2/H0-1 pathway.

An optimized culture method of primary hippocampal neurons in SD rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To establish a stable and efficient method for the primary culture of hippocampal neurons from serum-free fetal rats.so as to obtain hippoeampal neurons with higher purity and better vitality.Methods The hippocampal tissues of SI) rat fe¬tus rats on the ( 18 ± 1) day of pregnancy were cultured by Neu- robasal or DMEM/F12 medium and divided into serum-free cul-ture group, fetal bovine serum culture group and 5-fluoro-2'de- oxyuridine culture group.After cells of three groups were cul¬tured for 12 hours, all medium was changed to Neurobasal medi¬um.When the neurons in FUI)R culture group were cultured to 3 days.FLDR was added to inhibit the growth of glial cells.'Hie growing status of hippo cam pal neurons at different culture time points was observed,neuronal activity was detected,cell apopto¬sis was assessed, and the purity of hippocampal neurons was i- dentified.Results Compared with 10% serum culture group, the neurons cultured in serum-free culture group showed higher viability,lower apoptosis rate and higher purity; FUI)R reduced cell viability and increased cell apoptosis.Conclusions 'Hie neurons cultured by serum-free culture have good activity and high purity, instead of adding glial cell inhibitors, which is a fea¬sible and optimized primary culture method for hippocampal neu¬rons.

The protective effects of sevoflurane postconditioning mediated by SIRTl on learning and memory impairment in liemorrhagic shock and resuscitation mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the role of the silent information regulator (silent information regulation 1, SIRTl)-mediated apoptotic pathway in the protection of sevoflurane postconditioning in hippocampal neuronal injury of mice induced by hemorrhagic shock resuscitation (HSR). Methods A mouse model of HSR was established. The male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into; sham operation group (Sham group), HSR group (Shock group), sevoflurane treatment group (Sevo group), sevoflurane combined with SIRTl specific inhibitor treatment group (EX527 + Sevo group) and EX527 treatment group (EX527 group). The volume of cerebral infarction was detected by TTC staining method. The changes of hippocampal nerve cells in each group of mice were detected by TUNEL staining method. The learning and memory abilities were detected by Morris water maze test. The expression of SIRTl and apoptosis-related protein levels were delected by Western blot analysis. Results The latency of the model mice reaching the platform in Morris water maze test was prolonged, while the movement distance in the target quadrant was similarly reduced. Besides, the cerebral infarction volume remarkably increased. The number of TUNEL staining positive cells increased, and the expression of SIRTl and Bel-2 decreased while the pro-apoptosis protein Bax, and cleaved-caspase 3 expression level increased; sevoflurane treatment improved nerve injury in HSR. After combined treatment with sevoflurane and SIRTl inhibitor EX527, the protective effect of sevoflurane was attenuated on nerve injury in HSR. Conclusion Sevoflurane may play a protective role against hippocampal neuronal injury caused by HSR mediated by SIRTl apoptosis-related pathway.

Transfection Efficiency of Ad5F11p-GFP on CIK and NK-92 Cells and Its Influence on Biological Characteristics / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study transfection efficiency of Ad5F11p-GFP and its influence on biological characteristics of CIK and NK-92 cells in order to predict the application of Ad5F11p vector in immunotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two kinds of immune cells, cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells and natural-killer (NK) cell line NK-92 cells, were transfected by Ad5F11p-GFP at different multiplicity of transfection (MOI), and untransfected immune cells were used as negative control. GFP expression was determined by flow cytometry, the cell morphology was observed with microscope, the cell proliferation was analyzed by trypan blue staining, specific cytotoxicity of NK-92 cells was determined by LDH assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>About 90% of transfection efficiency for NK-92 cells could be achieved at a MOI of 25, while the transfection efficiency for CIK was less than 40% at a MOI of 200. In addition, the transfection efficiency basically unchanged at the same MOI for 48 h and 96 h, and the immune cells transfected with the virus trended to form agglomeration, displaying slower proliferation, increase of IFN-γ release and enhancement of tumor killing activity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ad5F11p- modified NK-92 shows a good prospect for adoptive immunotherapy.</p>

Expression of ATR-Fc fusion protein in CHO cells / 生物工程学报

ATR-Fc is a fusion protein consisting of extracellular domain of human anthrax toxin receptor (ATR) and a fragment (hinge, CH2, and CH3 domains) of the Fc of human IgG1. The aim of ATR-Fc expression is to get an antibody-like molecule binding to protective antigen (PA), a component of anthrax toxins, this fusion protein may compete with cell surface receptor for PA binding, and block the transport of lethal factor (LF) and edema factor (EF) into cells, thereby act as an antitoxin to prevent and treat anthrax infection. A DNA fragment encoding N-terminal amino acids 1-227 of ATR and human IgG1 Fc was inserted into the Hind III and Not I sites of pcDNA3.1 to generate the eukaryotic vector pcDNA3.1/ATR-Fc for expression of ATR-Fc fusion protein. Using lipofectine-mediated gene transfer technique, pcDNA3.1/ATR-Fc was transfected into CHO-K1 cells. After selected with G418, a recombinant CHO cell line, ATR-Fc-1D5, whose expression level was about 10 - 15 microg/(10(6) cells x d), was established. The recombinant protein expressed by the ATR-Fc-1D5 cells was purified with protein A chromatography. The experimental results demonstrated a direct and specific interaction between ATR-Fc and PA assessed by ELISA.

Single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA) purification by immuno-affinity chromatography / 生物工程学报

The only difference of primary structure between single-chain prourokinase (pro-UK or scu-PA) and two-chain urokinase (UK or tcu-PA) is the cleavage of a single peptide bond (Lys158-Ile159) and transform scu-PA into its active two-chain form. A 13-peptide (Thr-Leu-Arg-Pro-Arg-Phe-Lys-Ile-Ile-Gly-Gly-Glu-Cys), which spans the cleavage peptide bond, was synthesized and linked to KLH (Keyhole limpet hemocyanin). The Balb/c mice were immunized by the conjugated protein with proper adjuvant. According to the Kohler and Milstein's methods, a hybridoma cell line G7 secreting monoclonal antibody specific for scu-PA was obtained. The anti-scu-PA McAb, purified from the supernatant of porous microcarrier hybridoma cell culture, was conjugated to CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B to prepare an immuno-affinity chromatography column. The u-PA was purified only by this affinity column from the supernatant of cultivating the u-PA-producing recombinant CHO cell, the u-PA recovery ratio is 90.4%, the purification factor was about 50, with the specific activity of 1.2 x 10(5) IU/mg, the scu-PA ratio in the u-PA product was 96.3%. Compared to immuno-affinity chromatography, the 3-step process for purifying u-PA (cation-exchange column, gel filtration column and benzamidine affinity column) has a u-PA recovery ratio of about 65%, with a specific activity of 1.0 x 10(5) IU/mg, and an scu-PA ratio of about 90%. These results showed that immuno-affinity chromatography is simple to recover u-PA and effective to separate scu-PA from tcu-PA.