Exploration and Practice of the "One Combination, Two Highlights, Three Combinations, Four in One" Innovative Talents Training Mode in Forensic Medicine / 法医学杂志

Talent is one of the basic and strategic supports for building a modern socialist country in all aspects. Since the 1980s, the establishment of forensic medicine major and the cultivation of innovative talents in forensic medicine have become hot topics in higher education in forensic medicine. Over the past 43 years, the forensic medicine team of Shanxi Medical University has adhered to the joint education of public security and colleges, and made collaborative innovation, forming a training mode of "One Combination, Two Highlights, Three Combinations, Four in One" for innovative talents in forensic medicine. It has carried out "5+3/X" integrated reform, and formed a relatively complete talent training innovation mode and management system in teaching, scientific research, identification, major, discipline, team, platform and cultural construction. It has made a historic contribution to China's higher forensic education, accumulated valuable experience for the construction of first-class major and first-class discipline of forensic medicine, and provided strong support for the construction of the national new forensic talent training system. The popularization of this training mode is conducive to the rapid and sustainable development of forensic science, and provides more excellent forensic talents for national building, regional social development and the discipline construction of forensic science.

Effect of salidroside on choroidal thickness and expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, dopamine and its receptor in guinea pigs with myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To examine the effects of salidroside on choroidal thickness, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α), dopamine(DA)and its D1 receptor expression in guinea pigs with lens-induced myopia(LIM).METHODS: A total of 18 two-week-old guinea pigs were randomly divided into the normal control(NC)group, the LIM group, and the LIM + salidroside(LIM+SA)group, with 6 guinea pigs in each group. The guinea pigs in the NC group were fed normally and intragastrically administered with 2 mL/d saline; those in the LIM group wore a -5D lens in front of their right eyes to establish a myopia model, then they were intragastrically administered with 2 mL/d saline. Finally, those in the LIM+SA group wore glasses along with intragastric administration of 2 mL/d salidroside at a dose of 100 mg/kg. The refraction, axial length, and choroidal thickness of guinea pigs in each group were measured 4wk following the establishment of the model. In addition, the relative mRNA expression and protein content of HIF-1α in the choroid and retina of guinea pigs in each group were detected by real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR)and immunohistochemistry(IHC). Finally, the DA concentration and its D1 receptor expression were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and Western blot.RESULTS: At 4wk after model establishment, guinea pigs of LIM group and LIM+SA group exhibited increased negative refraction of the right eye, prolonged axial length, and decreased choroidal thickness compared to the NC group. The relative mRNA expression and protein content of HIF-1α in the choroid and retina of the guinea pigs increased. The concentration of DA and the expression of its D1 receptor both decreased. Moreover, compared to the LIM group, the diopter of the right eye of guinea pigs in LIM+SA group significantly reduced, the axial length was shorter, the thickness of choroid increased, the relative mRNA expression and protein content of HIF-1α in the choroid and retina decreased and the concentration of DA and the expression of its D1 receptor both increased.CONCLUSION: Salidroside can delay myopia progression in myopic guinea pigs by affecting choroidal thickness and the expression of HIF-1α, DA and its D1 receptor.

Chemical constituents and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of seeds of Moringa oleifera / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents of the seeds of Moringa oleifera were isolated and purified by using Sephadex LH-20, Toyo-pearl HW-40F, silica gel, ODS, and MCI column chromatography. The structures of compounds were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry, ~1H-NMR, ~(13)C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC, and ~1H-~1H COSY, as well as physicochemical properties of compounds and literature data. Twelve compounds were isolated from 30% ethanol fraction of the seeds of M. oleifera and identified as ethyl-4-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-α-L-rhamnoside(1), ethyl-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-α-L-rhamnoside(2),(4-hydroxybenzyl)ethyl carbamate(3),(4-aminophenyl)acetic acid(4), ethyl-α-L-rhamnoside(5), methyl-α-L-rhamnoside(6), moringapyranosyl(7), 2-[4-(α-L-rhamnosyl)phenyl]methyl acetate(8), niaziridin(9), 5-hydroxymethyl furfural(10), 4-hydroxybenzeneacetamide(11), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(12). Among them, compounds 1 and 2 are two new compounds, compound 3 is a new natural product, and compounds 4-5 were yielded from Moringa plant for the first time. All compounds were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro. Compound 10 showed excellent inhibitory activity with IC_(50) of 210 μg·mL~(-1).

Analysis of the influencing factors of myopia among primary and middle school students in Mengzi city in 2019 / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To explore the current situation of myopia among children and adolescents in Mengzi city and the possible influencing factors of myopia.METHODS: A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select students in 7 schools(2 primary schools, 2 junior high schools, 2 high schools, and 1 vocational high school)in Mengzi city, Yunnan Province in October 2019. A total of 1 837 students were selected for questionnaire surveys, and examination of distance visual acuity and noncycloplegic autorefraction. There were 1 622 valid questionnaires were finally collected after checking the integrity and rationality of the questionnaires. RESULTS: The prevalence of myopia among primary and secondary students in Mengzi city in 2019 was 61.34%. The prevalence of myopia in girls(71.36%)was higher than that in boys(50.45%), and the prevalence of myopia in Han nationality(70.19%)was higher than that in ethnic minorities(57.70%). With the grade growth, the prevalence of myopia showed an upward trend. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of myopia were female(<i>OR</i>=2.308), Han nationality(<i>OR</i>=1.712), higher learning stage(junior high school: <i>OR</i>=1.579, high school: <i>OR</i>=5.538), the time of doing homework daily in the past 1wk(1-<2h: <i>OR</i>=1.456, 2-<3h: <i>OR</i>=1.514, ≥3h: <i>OR</i>=1.901), occasionally or never keep your eyes more than one foot away from a book while reading and writing(<i>OR</i>=1.741), insufficient sleep(<i>OR</i>=1.585), parental myopia(<i>OR</i>=2.191).CONCLUSION:The prevalence of myopia among primary and middle school students in Mengzi city is at a relatively high level. Female, Han nationality, higher learning stage, the time of doing homework daily in the past 1wk≥1h, occasionally or never keep your eyes more than one foot away from a book while reading and writing, insufficient sleep and parental myopia are all risk factors that can cause myopia.

Screening Biomarkers of Sudden Coronary Death Based on mRNA Expression Profile of Rat Myocardial Tissues / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the differential expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) in myocardial tissues of rats with sudden coronary death (SCD), and to provide ideas for the forensic identification of SCD.@*METHODS@#The rat SCD model was established, and the transcriptome sequencing was performed by next-generation sequencing technology. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in myocardial tissues of SCD rats were screened by using the R package limma. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by using the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.8.2 on DEG, and hub genes were screened based on cytoHubba plug-in. Finally, the R package clusterProfiler was used to analyze the biological function and signal pathway enrichment of the selected DEG.@*RESULTS@#A total of 177 DEGs were associated with SCD and were mainly involved in the renin-angiotensin system and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The genes including angiotensinogen (AGT), complement component 4a (C4a), Fos proto-oncogene (FOS) and others played key roles in the development of SCD.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Genes such as AGT, C4a, FOS and other genes are expected to be potential biomarkers for forensic identification of SCD. The study based on mRNA expression profile can provide a reference for forensic identification of SCD.

Gene Expression Profiles at Different Time Points after Acute Myocardial Infarction in Mice / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the mRNA differential expressions and the sequential change pattern in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) mice.@*METHODS@#The AMI mice relevant dataset GSE4648 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). In the dataset, 6 left ventricular myocardial tissue samples were selected at 0.25, 1, 4, 12, 24 and 48 h after operation in AMI group and sham control group, and 6 left ventricular myocardial tissue samples were selected in blank control group, a total of 78 samples were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by R/Bioconductor package limma, functional pathway enrichment analysis was performed by clusterProfiler, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by STRING database and Cytoscape software, the key genes were identified by Degree topological algorithm, cluster sequential changes on DEGs were analyzed by Mfuzz.@*RESULTS@#A total of 1 320 DEGs were associated with the development of AMI. Functional enrichment results included cellular catabolic process, regulation of inflammatory response, development of muscle system and vasculature system, cell adhesion and signaling pathways mainly enriched in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. The key genes of AMI included MYL7, TSC22D2, HSPA1A, BTG2, NR4A1, RYR2 were up-regulated or down-regulated at 0.25-48 h after the occurrence of AMI.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The functional signaling pathway of DEGs and the sequential expression of key genes in AMI may provide a reference for the forensic identification of AMI.

Complex Network Analysis of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule in Treatment of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Based on Louvain Clustering / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment characteristics as well as the optimal schemes of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection （URTI） in the real world. Method:The information of 454 patients receiving Lianhua Qingwen Capsule for URTI was collected from the electronic medical data warehouse constructed by the Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences， which covered 16 large-scale tertiary Class A hospital information systems （HISs）. The harvested information was subjected to descriptive analysis， Apriori algorithm-based analysis and Louvain （BGLL） algorithm-based complex network analysis to explore the clinical medication schemes. Result:The commonly adopted medication schemes were heat-clearing and detoxicating Chinese medicinal injections combined with expectorants， analgesic-antipyretic drugs， or antibacterial agents in western medicine. Besides， the combination with heat-clearing and phlegm-resolving Chinese medicinals， vitamins， or hypotensive， lipid-lowering， hypoglycemic， coronary circulation-improving， or antiplatelet aggregation drugs targeting the underlying diseases was also detectable. Conclusion:The complex network analysis based on BGLL clustering method can be used to find out the medication rules of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule for URTI. The traditional Chinese medicine has been widely employed for resolving phlegm and relieving cough due to its good efficacy. The combination with antibiotics follows the guidelines for the use of antimicrobial agents. Drug safety is one of the most concerned aspects in clinical drug combination. The uncovering of these rules has provided a direction for exploring the optimal treatments.

Effect of Etoposide on Elimination of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells by Imatinib in Vivo / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of etoposide (ETO) on elimination of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) stem cells by imatinib mesylate(IM) in vivo.@*METHODS@#SCL-tTA/BCR-ABL mice were used as CML animal model. Flow cytometry was used to assess the effect of ETO alone or in combination with IM on the number of leukemia stem cell （LSC） in bone marrow and spleen, and peripheral blood neutrophils in CML mice and normal control FVB mice.@*RESULTS@#The results showed that in CML mice, the number and proportion of LSC in bone marrow and the proportion of neutrophils in peripheral blood decreased significantly after ETO and IM combined treatment, and the degree of decrease was more significant than that of both alone. While in wild type FVB mice, the combination of ETO and IM showed no significant effect on the number and proportion of LSK cells in bone marrow and the proportion of neutrophils in spleen.@*CONCLUSION@#ETO can selectively enhance elimination of CML LSC by IM in vivo.

DNA Methylation Differences in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Anaphylaxis / 法医学杂志

Objective To study the DNA methylation of nucleated cells in peripheral blood of patients died from anaphylactic shock caused by cephalosporin drugs and to provide a new research direction and basis for the forensic diagnosis of shock caused by drug hypersensitiveness. Methods Methylation microarray was used to detect DNA methylation of nucleated cells in peripheral blood of patients died from anaphylactic shock caused by cephalosporin drugs and normal subjects. Sequencing data and chip data were analyzed for differences in DNA methylation using R language methylkit, ChAMP package. Random forest algorithm was used to evaluate the importance of the DNA methylation differential sites. Results Differential sites of DNA methylation highly associated with anaphylaxis caused by cephalosporin drugs were obtained at loci such as ETS1, PRR23B and GNAS. Conclusion Cephalosporin allergy is associated with DNA methylation, and DNA methylation may be a new strategy for forensic identification of anaphylactic shock and death.

Comparison of clinical efficacy of two different arthroscopic release methods for the treatment of primary frozen shoulder / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare clinical effects of inside-out technique and outside-in technique for the treatment of idiopathic frozen shoulder under arthroscopy.@*METHODS@#From April 2015 to July 2019, 65 patients with primary frozen shoulder were divided into observation group and control group according to different treatment methods. In observation group, there were 32 cases, including 14 males and 18 females, aged 48 to 64 (54.82±5.35) years old, 18 cases on the right side and 14 cases on the left side. The course of disease was 4 to 10 (7.76±1.19) months. The patients were treated with outside in technique. In control group, there were 33 cases, 16 males and 17 females, aged 45 to 62 (54.64±4.16) years old, 18 cases on the right side and 15 cases on the left side. The course of disease was 5 to 9 (7.65±1.24) months. The patients were treated with inside out technique. The operation time, hospitalization days and treatment cost were compared between the two groups. Constant-Murley function score before and after the operation andthe shoulder joint range of motion one month after operation were compared to evaluate the clinical efficacy.@*RESULTS@#All 65 patients were followed up for 9 to 17 months with an average follow up time of (11.34±2.24) months. Compared with control group, operation time in observation group was shorter[(55.53± 10.23) min vs (85.58±13.39) min], and functional scores of Constant-Murley after surgery were significantly changed in both groups compared with that before surgery(@*CONCLUSION@#The two arthroscopic release schemes have achieved satisfactory results for thetreatment of primary frozen shoulder, and the shoulder joint function and pain degree have been effectively improved. Compared with the inside-out technique, the outside in release technique is more direct, the operation is simpler and the operation time is shorter. It has certain advantages in releasing operation for primary frozen shoulder.

Determination of Escitalopram in Biological Samples by Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Combined with GC-MS/MS / 法医学杂志

Objective To establish a method for determination of escitalopram in biological samples by ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （GC-MS/MS） and provide evidences for forensic determination of cases related to escitalopram. Methods The 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate （[C6MIM][PF6]） was selected as an extract solvent to process biological samples. Ultrasound-assisted extraction was used on the samples. Then the samples were detected by GC-MS/MS. Results The linear range of escitalopram in blood and liver were 5.56-1 111.10 ng/mL and 0.025-5.00 mg/g, respectively. The correlation coefficient （r） were greater than 0.999, limit of detection （LOD） were 4.00 ng/mL and 2.00 μg/g, limit of quantitation （LOQ） were 14.00 ng/mL and 6.00 μg/g, respectively. The extraction recovery rates were all greater than 50%, the interday and intraday precision were less than 20%. Escitalopram was detected in blood and liver samples from the actual poisoning case by this method with a content of 1.26 μg/mL and 0.44 mg/g, respectively. Conclusion The ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with GC-MS/MS is environment friendly, rapid, has good enriching effect and consumes less organic solvent and can be used for forensic determination of escitalopram related cases.

Biological scaffolds and mesenchymal stem cells in bone tissue engineering / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: The clinical treatment of bone defects is facing many problems. In order to solve the problem, the development of scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering has been an issue of concern. OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical application and development prospect of biological scaffold materials and mesenchymal stem cells in bone tissue engineering. METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were retrieved for the articles regarding bone tissue engineering published from January 2000 to December 2016. The key words were "bone tissue engineering; biological scaffold; mesenchymal stem cells" in English and Chinese, respectively. Articles addressing biological scaffolds and mesenchymal stem cells were included, except for repetitive research and Meta-analysis articles.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Current biological scaffolds mainly include synthetic scaffold materials (polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, poly(lactic-glycolic acid)) and natural scaffold materials (collagen, chitosan, gelatin, silk fibroin). Each material has its own merits and demerits. Mesenchymal stem cells have a strong self-replicating and multi-directional differentiation ability, which are considered to be relatively ideal seed cells. Based on the characteristics of the components of biological scaffolds and the proliferation and multi-directional differentiation ability of mesenchymal stem cells, it is of great importance for bone defect repair to design and construct ideal biological scaffold materials with better repair function. Construction of a mesenchymal stem cell/3D scaffold complex is still in its infancy. However, the clinical application of biological scaffolds and mesenchymal stem cells in bone tissue engineering is expected to be achieved with the development of nanomaterials, international regenerative medicine and biomimetic science.

Stakeholder analysis of no-fault compensation system on medical damages / 中国卫生政策研究

Using stakeholder involvement analysis to analyze the appeal,position,power and role of stakehold-ers involved in the creation of the no-fault compensation system of medical damage,this paper believes that the gov-ernment,including the health administrative department, is the concrete maker and the important facilitator of the policy implementation,which needs to take advantage of the public power to predominate the creation and trial opera-tion of the system;the medical staffs,patients and their families are the direct beneficiary of the policy,but it is nec-essary to ensure the good operation of the system by establishing diversified financing channels and setting reasonable compensation scope. The judicial appraisal institution and the expert group are the important guarantors of the policy implementation,but the authentication system should be unified and the expert group evaluation mechanism should be introduced. The insurance industry is an important propellant of policy implementation, but it needs to increase its participation by taking measures,such as expanding financing channels. The news media has an important influence on the making and implementation of the policy and should be properly guided to play its positive role.

Simultaneous determination of levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol in New Zealand rabbit plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and their pharmacokinetics / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To establish a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous determinations of concentrations of levonorgestrel (LNG) and ethinylestradiol (EE) in New Zealand rabbit plasma, and to study their pharmacokinetics in New Zealand rabbits after multiple dosing. METHODS Six female New Zealand rabbits were given LNG/EE patches ten times (5 cm × 4 cm, each patch contained LNG 5.35 mg and EE 0.11 mg), 1 patch every 3 d, for 30 consecutie days. Blood samples were collected at different time points before and after drug administration. The plasma samples were derived with dansyl chloride and then analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS method. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS3.0 software. RESULTS The linear concentra-tion range of LNG was 0.10-20.00μg · L-1. The lower limit of quantitation was 0.10μg · L-1. The extrac-tion recovery was more than 78.30％. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were both less than 12.89％. The first-dosing pharmacokinetic parameters for LNG were as follows:Cmax (8.10±2.38)μg·L-1, Tmax (2.38±1.45) h, and AUC(0-768) (142.35±36.99) h·μg·L-1. The last administration pharmacokinetic parameters for LNG were as follows:Cmax (7.05±1.07)μg·L-1, Tmax (2.71±1.83) h, and AUC(0-768) (141.95±22.31) h·μg·L-1. The linear concentration range of EE was 0.02-5.00μg·L-1. The lower limit of quantitation was 0.02μg·L-1. The extraction recovery was above 79.99％. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were both less than 12.76％. The first-dosing pharmacokinetic parameters for EE were as follows: Cmax (0.18 ± 0.04)μg · L-1, Tmax (2.50±1.30) h, and AUC(0-768) (2.65±0.56) h·μg·L-1. The last administration pharmacokinetic parame-ters for EE were as follows:Cmax (0.17 ± 0.07)μg · L-1, Tmax (2.17 ± 0.26)h, and AUC(0-768) (2.02 ± 0.82) h ·μg · L-1. CONCLUSION The HPLC-MS/MS determination method is accurate and sensitive, which can be used to simultaneously determine the concentration of LNG and EE. There are no significant differences in main pharmacokinetic parameters between the first dose and the last dose. After repeated administration of this contraceptive patch, there is no accumulation of blood concentration in the rabbit body.

Response of NG2 positive cells and other glial cells in the microenvironment of facial nucleus after facial nerve axotomy / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To study the response of NG2 positive and other glial cells in the facial nucleus after facial nerve axotomy,and explore the changes of the microenvironment in the facial nucleus.Methods Rat facial nerve axotomy models were established.Immunofluorescence double staining,and immunohistochemical staining combined with cresyl violet staining were used to observe the response of NG2 cells and other glial cells,and Western blotting was performed to test NG2 protein expression in facial nucleus at postoperative 1,2,7,14,and 28 days.Results Microglia formed dense circles closely around the injured neurons.Astrocytes formed wreath-like structure near the injured neurons.NG2 protein in the injured nucleus has a regular timephase change and NG2 positive cells showed an extensive detachment of synaptic terminals on the damaged neurons after facial nerve axotomy.NG2 cell response was almost the same as microglia.Conclusions All kinds of glial cells may be involved in the formation of glial scar.NG2 positive cells could insulate the damaged neurons against the potential damage from the excitatory input.

Expressions of Mast Cell Tryptase and Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Myocardium of Sudden Death due to Hypersensitivity and Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the value of mast cell tryptase and brain natriuretic peptide（BNP） in the differential diagnostic of sudden death due to hypersensitivity and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.@*METHODS@#Totally 30 myocardial samples were collected from the autopsy cases in the Department of Forensic Pathology, Shanxi Medical University during 2010-2015. All samples were divided into three groups： death of craniocerebral injury group, sudden death of hypersensitivity group and sudden death of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group, 10 cases in each group. Mast cell tryptase and BNP in myocardium were detected by immunofluorescence staining and Western Blotting.@*RESULTS@#Immunofluorescence staining showed that the positive staining mast cell tryptase appeared in myocardium of sudden death of hypersensitivity group and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group. Among the three groups, the expression of mast cell tryptase showed significantly differences through pairwise comparison （P<0.05）; The expression level of BNP in sudden death of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group were significantly higher than the sudden death of hypersensitivity group and death of craniocerebral injury group （P<0.05）. The difference of the expression level of BNP between the sudden death of hypersensitivity group and the death of craniocerebral injury group had no statistical significance （P>0.05）.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The combined detection of the mast cell tryptase and BNP in myocardium is expected to provide help for the forensic differential diagnosis of sudden death due to hypersensitivity and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.

Inhibitory effect of dutasteride on the expressions of epididymal Claudin1 and β-catenin in male rats / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the molecular mechanism of dutasteride inhibiting fertility by studying its effects on the expressions of the epididymal epithelial junction proteins Claudin1 and β-catenin in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixteen 3-month-old SD male rats were equally divided into an experimental and a negative control group to be treated intragastrically with dutasteride at 40 mg/kg per day and the same dose of solvent, respectively, for 14 consecutive days. Then, the sperm motility and morphology of the rats were detected by computer-assisted sperm analysis, the serum levels of testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) measured by ELISA, changes in the tight junction of epididymal cells observed under the transmission electron microscope, the protein and gene expressions of Claudin1 and β-catenin determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, and the conception rate of the mated female rats calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Dutasteride significantly suppressed the serum DHT level, sperm motility, and fertility of the rats (P <0.05). Interspaces between epididymal epithelial cell tight junctions were observed, the volume of epididymal fluid obviously increased, and the expressions of Claudin1 and β-catenin gene and protein remarkably downregulated in the experimental rats (P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Dutasteride can significantly inhibit the fertility of male rats by reducing the serum DHT level, suppressing Claudin1 and β-catenin expressions, and damaging epididymal epithelial cell junctions.</p>

Diagnostic Significance of BAT in Anaphylaxis to Non-ionic Contrast Media / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the diagnostic significance of basophil activation test (BAT) in anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media through testing the content of CD63, mast cell-carboxypeptidase A3 (MC-CPA3), and terminal complement complex SC5b-9 of the individuals by testing their levels in the normal immune group and the anaphylaxis groups to β-lactam drugs and non -ionic contrast media.@*METHODS@#The CD63 expression of basophilic granulocyte in blood was detected by flow cytometry. The levels of MC-CPA3 in blood serum and SC5b-9 in blood plasma were detected by ELISA.@*RESULTS@#The CD63 expression of basophilic granulocyte in blood, the levels of MC-CPA3 and SC5b-9 of anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media and β-lactam drugs were significantly higher than that in normal immune group (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#There is activation of basophilic granulocytes, mast cells and complement system in anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media. BAT can be used to diagnose the anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media.

Effect of anesthesia on cognitive status and MMP-2 expression in rats

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of anesthesia on the cognitive status damage and MMP-2 expression in rats.@*METHODS@#A total of 120 healthy rats were selected and randomly divided into the control group, CF3-CH(OCH2F)-CF3 (Sevoflurane) group and CF3-CH2-O-CHF-CF3 group (Sevoflurane) (n=40). After training for 3 d by the Morris water maze, the control group were injected with fentanyl for analgesia, the CF3-CH(OCH2F)-CF3 group and the CF3-CH2-O-CHF-CF3 group were anesthesia with CF3-CH (OCH2F)-CF3 and CF3-CH2-O-CHF-CF3 on the basis of fentanyl, then rats in three groups underwent open surgery and suture conventional incision. Morris water maze was used to measure the rats' cognitive ability in three groups on the 1st d, 3rd d, 5th d and 7th d, and the brain tissue MMP-2 expression was detected.@*RESULTS@#After 1 d/7 d of the surgery, Morris water maze performance and MMP-2 expression were not significantly different among three groups (P>0.05); After 3 d/5 d of the surgery, compared with the control group, the Morris water maze test result was significantly worsened, MMP-2 expression levels were significantly increased (P<0.05); After 3 d/5 d of the surgery, compared with the CF3-CH2-O-CHF-CF3 group, Morris water maze test result of CF3-CH(OCH2F)-CF3 group was significantly worsened, MMP-2 expression levels were significantly increased (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Anesthesia can cause some injury on cognitive status, different anesthetic drugs may cause different injury, and the cognitive status injury is related to the MMP-2 expression.