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Objective: To investigate the effects of anemoside B4 on the blood oxygen stress, inflanmation state and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins in kidney tissue of the rats with chronic renal failure (CRF), and to illuminate the mechanism of anemoside B4 in protecting the kidney tissue of the CRF rats. Methods: A total of 75 SD male rats were divided into control group, model group, positive control group, low dose of anemoside B4 group and high dose of anemoside B4 group. The CRF rat models were established by continuous administration of adenine for 21 d. After successful modeling, the rats in low and high doses of anemoside B4 groups were given 1 and 2 mg · kg-1 anemoside B4 by gavage and the rats in positive control group were given 0.5 mg · kg-1 dexamethasone, lasted for 28 d; the rats in control group and model group were given the same amount of normal saline. Biochemical analyzer was used to detect serum urine creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. The kit method was used to detect the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in kidney tissue of the rats. ELISA was used to detect the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factro-α (TNF-α) in kidney tissue of the rats. Western blotting method was used to detect the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway and the expression levels of apopotosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 in kindey tissue. Results: Compared with control group, the serum Scr and BUN levels of the rats in model group were increased (P<0.01), the number of normal glomerulus and renal corpuscles were decreased, the activity of SOD in kidney tissue was decreased (P<0.01), the levels of MDA, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were increased (P< 0.01), the expression levels of Bax and Caspase-3 proteins were increased (P<0.01), and the expression levels of p-Akt and Bcl-2 proteins were decreased (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the serum Scr and BUN levels of the rats in positive control group, low and high doses of anemoside B4 groups were significantly decreased (P< 0.01), the number of normal glomerulus and renal corpuscles were increased significantly, the activities of SOD in kidney tissue were increased significantly (P<0.01), the levels of MDA, IL-lβ, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly decreased (P<0.01), the protein expression levels of Bax and Caspase-3 were decreased significantly (P<0.01), and the expression levels of p-Akt and Bcl-2 proteins were increased significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion: Anemoside B4 can protect the renal tissue injury by reducing the levels of Scr and BUN in serum, reducing oxidative stress response, reducing the release of inflammatory factors, and activating the PI3K/Akt pathway of renal tissue.
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Objective On whole-genome scale,we tried to explore the correlation between obesity-related traits and DNA methylation sites,based on discordant monozygotic twin pairs.Methods A total of 90 pairs of 6-17 year-old twins were recruited in Chaoyang district,Yanqing district and Fangshan district in Beijing in 2016.Information on twins was gathered through a self-designed questionnaire and results from physical examination,including height,weight and waist circumference of the subjects under study.DNA methylation detection was chosen on the Illumina Human Methylation EPIC BeadChip.R 3.3.1 language was used to read the DNA methylation signal under quality control on samples and probes.Ebayes function of empirical Bayes paired moderated t-test was used to identify the differential methylated CpG sites (DMCs).VarFit function of emp irical Bayes paired moderated Levene test was used to identify the differentially variables CpG sits (DVCs) in obese and normal groups.Results According to the obesity discordance criteria,we collected 23 pairs of twins (age range 7 to 16 years),including 12 male pairs.A total of 817 471 qualified CpG loci were included in the genome-wide correlation analysis.According to the significance level of FDR set as ＜0.05,no positive sites would meet this standard.When DMC CpG site cg05684382,with the smallest P value (1.26E-06) as on chromosome 12,the DVC CpG site cg26188191 with the smallest P value (6.44E-06) appeared in CMIP gene on chromosome 16.Conclusions In this study,we analyzed the genome-wide DNA methylation and its correlation with obesity traits.After multiple testing corrections,no positive sites were found to have associated with obesity.However,results from the correlation analysis demonstrated sites cg05684382 (chr:12) and cg26188191 (chr:16) might have played a role in the development of obesity.This study provides a methodologic reference for the studies on discordance twins related problems.
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Objective On whole-genome scale,we tried to explore the correlation between obesity-related traits and DNA methylation sites,based on discordant monozygotic twin pairs.Methods A total of 90 pairs of 6-17 year-old twins were recruited in Chaoyang district,Yanqing district and Fangshan district in Beijing in 2016.Information on twins was gathered through a self-designed questionnaire and results from physical examination,including height,weight and waist circumference of the subjects under study.DNA methylation detection was chosen on the Illumina Human Methylation EPIC BeadChip.R 3.3.1 language was used to read the DNA methylation signal under quality control on samples and probes.Ebayes function of empirical Bayes paired moderated t-test was used to identify the differential methylated CpG sites (DMCs).VarFit function of emp irical Bayes paired moderated Levene test was used to identify the differentially variables CpG sits (DVCs) in obese and normal groups.Results According to the obesity discordance criteria,we collected 23 pairs of twins (age range 7 to 16 years),including 12 male pairs.A total of 817 471 qualified CpG loci were included in the genome-wide correlation analysis.According to the significance level of FDR set as ＜0.05,no positive sites would meet this standard.When DMC CpG site cg05684382,with the smallest P value (1.26E-06) as on chromosome 12,the DVC CpG site cg26188191 with the smallest P value (6.44E-06) appeared in CMIP gene on chromosome 16.Conclusions In this study,we analyzed the genome-wide DNA methylation and its correlation with obesity traits.After multiple testing corrections,no positive sites were found to have associated with obesity.However,results from the correlation analysis demonstrated sites cg05684382 (chr:12) and cg26188191 (chr:16) might have played a role in the development of obesity.This study provides a methodologic reference for the studies on discordance twins related problems.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of sevelamer carbonate combined with routine treatment on serum inflammatory factors, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels of chronic renal failure (CRF) patients with hyperphosphatemia.METHODS: Totally 60 chronic renal failure patients with hyperphosphatemia in department of renal internal medicine, Tangshan Workers' Hospital during Jan. 2014 to Jan. 2015 were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table, with 30 cases in each group. Control group received routine treatment as reducing blood glucose, lowering blood lipid, lowering blood pressure, reducing phosphorus, protecting kidney. Observation group was additionally given sevelamer carbonate (dose was 0. 8 g, 3 times a day, during meal) on the basis of control group, for 4 weeks. The levels of IL-6, CRP, HO-1, iPTH, Ca and P were compared between 2 groups. The occurrence of ADR was compared between 2 groups. RESULTS: Two cases were withdrewn from the study in each group, finally 28 cases were included in the study in each group. Before treatment, there was no statistical significance in each index between 2 groups (P>0. 05). Compared with before treatment, the serum levels of IL-6, CRP, iPTH and P in 2 groups were decreased significantly after treatment (P<0. 05), while serum level of Ca was increased significantly (P<0. 05); the improvement of above indexes in observation group were more dovious than control group (P<0. 05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups (P>0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Sevelamer carbonate combined with routine treatment can effectively reduce the serum levels of IL-6, CRP, HO-1 and iPTH and regulate Ca and P metabolism of CRF patients with hyperphosphatemia with good safety.