Awareness of diabetes knowledge and its influencing factors among health examination population / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate the awareness of diabetes knowledge among the health examination population and its influencing factors.Methods:A cross-sectional study. From september to november 2022, the subjects of six health examination centers located in six different cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, Xiamen, Hangzhou) in China were investigated in the form of questionnaires to investigate the awareness of diabetes core information and the level of trust to different information sources of diabetes knowledge. According to the questionnaire results, the subjects were divided into a high awareness group of diabetes core information and a low awareness group. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of diabetes core information awareness; the t-test was used to compare the trust degree of the two groups to different information sources. Results:A total of 9 315 people were included in the six centers, including 4 932 men (52.90%) with an average age of (39.36±12.64) years and 4 383 women (47.10%) with a mean age of (37.47±11.85) years. Only 36% of the people had high awareness of diabetes core information; variables such as gender, age, education level, physical examination frequency in the past three years, package price of this physical examination, self-evaluation of diabetes knowledge, diabetes status, and city of residence were variables that affect the level of awareness of core information related to diabetes (all P<0.05). Compared with the low awareness group of diabetes core information, the high awareness group trusted professional medical staff ( t=-9.597, P<0.05) and community health promotion more ( t=-5.014, P<0.05), but did not trust the emerging popular science propaganda means, such as WeChat official accounts/WeChat groups/QQ groups, Internet web page, Tiktok/Kwai and other short video APPs. Conclusion:The awareness rate of diabetes knowledge among the health examination population is low, and it is affected by many factors; Health education on diabetes knowledge should be carried out for people undergoing physical examination.

Development trend of physical examination volume and revenue in health-checkup institutions in China from 2010 to 2019 / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate the development trend of physical examination volume and revenue in health-checkup institutions in China from 2010 to 2019.Methods:In this longitudinal study, the annual income, annual physical examination volume and other indicators reflecting institutional size were collected with questionnaire from 374 health-checkup institutions in the year of 2010, 2015 and 2019. The geometric mean method is used to calculate the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of the annual physical examination volume, annual income, mean per capita cost from 2010 to 2015 and 2015 to 2019.Results:The annual physical examination volume of health-checkup institutions increased from 1.81 (1.00, 3.20) ×10 4 person times in 2010 to 5.08(3.50, 7.28)×10 4 person times in 2019; the CAGR of the physical examination volume from 2010 to 2015 was 14.04%(8.14%, 23.78%), and it was 9.49%(3.39%, 19.07%) from 2015 to 2019. The annual revenue increased from 768.73 (350.00, 1 623.75) ×10 4 yuan in 2010 to 3 500.00 (1 997.73, 6 818.54) ×10 4 yuan in 2019; the CAGR of annual revenue from 2010 to 2015 was 25.75% (15.17%, 35.09%), and it was 15.67% (8.78%, 26.11%) from 2015 to 2019. The mean per capita cost increased from 434.26 (278.82, 666.66) yuan in 2010 to 755.80 (506.90, 1 005.42) yuan in 2019; the CAGR of the mean per capita cost was 9.82% (1.71%, 17.10%) from 2010 to 2015, and it was 5.37% (0.95%, 10.46%) from 2015 to 2019. Conclusion:From 2010 to 2019, health-checkup institutions in China developed rapidly, and the CAGR of the annual physical examination volume, annual revenue, mean per capita cost are high.

A survey on the development of health management (physical examination) institutions in China in 2018 / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate the development of health management (physical examination) institutions in 2018 and provide supporting data for the development of the industry.Methods:Using the method of questionnaire survey, the data of 348 health management institutions in 30 provinces in 2018, including institution scale (area, number of people served, income), Manpower (number of medical staff, number of medical staff with Graduate Education), scientific research ability and level (number of published papers, number of scientific research projects undertaken), appropriate technology application, etc., were obtained. Then according to the province and city where the institution is located and the property of ownership, the institutions were classified and their data were analyzed.Results:In 2018, the area of health management (physical examination) institutions was 3 000 (2 000, 4 434) m 2, the annual number of people served was 5.00 (3.37, 7.97) ×10 4, the annual income was 37.91 (23.91, 61.68) million yuan RMB, and the average cost of subjects was 788 (550, 1 046) yuan RMB. There was a positive correlation between the average cost of subjects and the local per capita GDP ( r=0.438, P<0.05). The top five provinces are Beijing, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Guangdong and Sichuan. The differences of number of people served, the annual income, the average cost of subjects, number of medical staff, number of medical staff with Graduate Education, number of scientific research projects undertaken, proportion of group examination in provincial capital city, prefecture city and county city were statistically significant (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the excellent independent private physical examination institutions and the excellent public physical examination institutions ( P>0.05) in the above indexes, but the number of excellent independent private physical examination institutions was relatively small ( n=28, 8.05%). Conclusions:In 2018, China′s health management (physical examination) institutions have a good development momentum, the service scale continues to expand, and the quality and efficiency continue to improve. However, the development of health management (physical examination) institutions is still uneven, and there are regional differences. Some excellent independent private health examination institutions are close to or reach the level of excellent public health examination institutions, but the number is still small.

The analysis of clinical application on children′s respiratory tract infection pathogens IgM antibody nine-combined detection in Pu′er / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To analyze the results of children′s respiratory tract infection pathogens IgM antibody nine‐combined de‐tection in Pu′er and grasp the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory tract infection of local children for providing reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment .Methods 1 327 cases of children′s blood sample with respiratory tract infection were randomly sampled from in Pu′er People′s Hospital in 2014 .All the samples were tested with nine respiratory tract infection pathogens IgM antibody detection reagent kit(indirect immunofluorescence) ,and the test results were adopted for statistical analysis .Results There were 446 cases positive for IgM antibody in 1 327 cases of respiratory tract infection children ,the total positive rate was 33 .6% .The Positive rate of mycoplasma pneumonia(MP) was the highest ,for 23 .6% .The second was influenza B virus(INFB) , for 18 .5% .The eosinophilic lung legionella type 1(LP) ,adenovirus(ADV) ,respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) ,influenza A(INFA) and parainfluenza virus(HPIVs) were all much lower :respectively for 0 .4% ,1 .1% ,1 .0% ,1 .1% and 1 .0% .It was showed that no positive results were found in Q fever rickettsia(CB) and chlamydia pneumonia(CP) .There was significant difference of the positive rate among 9 kinds of pathogens(P<0 .05) .There was significant difference of the monthly positive rate among the main six patho‐gens(P<0 .05) .There was significant difference of the positive rate in the different age groups(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The respir‐atory tract infection pathogens of children in Pu′er are mainly mycoplasma pneumoniae and influenza B virus .The epidemiological distribution of the pathogens is related to the age and season ,the clinician should reasonably diagnose and treat according to the test results for children .

Epidemiological investigation on TORCH infection of children in Pu′er / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To make an epidemiological investigation on TORCH infection in children in Pu′er city of Yunnan prov‐ince ,in order to provide references for the prevention and treatment of TORCH infection in children .Methods A total of 1 194 children treated at this hospital from January to December 2014 were selected and divided into five age groups .Serum TORCH spe‐cific IgM and IgG antibodies were detected by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and the positive rate of TORCH specific antibody and TORCH infection rate were comparatively analysed .Results The positive rate of TORCH specific IgM anti‐body was significantly lower than that of IgG .The range of positive rate of IgM was 0 .00% -3 .10% ,and that of IgG was 10 .13% -82 .24% .The total infection rate of TORCH was 96 .98% .There were no significant differences in the infection rate of single item of TORCH or the total TORCH infection rate among the five different age groups(P>0 .05) .The distribution of infec‐tion rate of single item of TORCH among the five age groups was statistically significantly different(P0 .05) .Conclusion Children with TORCH infection in this area mainly are infected by CMV ,followed with RV and HSV infections ,while TOX infection is uncommon .There are no obvious differences in different seasons and children in different age groups .

Effect of combined treatment with cyclophosphamidum and allicin on neuroblastoma-bearing mice

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of allicin combined with cyclophosphamide on neuroblastoma (NB)-bearing mice and explore the immunological mechanism in it.Methods:A total of30 NB-bearing mice were equally randomized into model group, cyclophosphamide group and combined therapy group,10 nudemice were set as normal saline(NS) group.Cyclophosphamide group and combined therapy group were weekly injected with60 mg/kg cyclophosphamide for four weeks; besides, combined therapy group was given with allicin(10 mg/kg/d) by gastric perfusion for4 weeks; model group and NS group were given with the same volume of NS.Serum VEGF content was detected byELISA pre-treating(0 d) and on the3rd d,14th d and28th d; on 29th d, all mice were sacrificed and the tumor, liver, spleen and thymic tissues were weighted. Tumors were made into paraffin section for detecting tumor cell apoptosis and proliferation by TUNEL and BrdU method, respectively.Survival curves were drawn byKaplan-Meier method. Results:After treatment, both treatment groups relieved on viscera indexes,VEGF level,T cell subsets distribution and tumor growth and each index of combined therapy group was better than cyclophosphamide group(P<0.05 or0.01); only combined therapy group could significantly increase the lifetime of NB-bearing mice(χ2=5.667,P=0.017).Conclusions:Allicin can improve T cell subsets distribution and inhibitVEGF expression through its immunomodulatory activity, thereby improve the efficiency onNB in coordination with cyclophosphamide.

A model for evaluating risk grade of cardiovascular health in individuals undergoing health checkup / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To establish a model for evaluating risk grade of cardiovascular health in adults undergoing health checkups.Methods Medical record of individuals who took health checkup in 6 heahhcare centers from 2008 to 2010 was retrospectively reviewed.The study populations were then assigned to 3 classes by using Cluster analysis and ANOVA.An assessment model for cardiovascular health was then established by using discriminant analysis method.Results The evaluation model of cardiovascular health was built by using cluster analysis and diseriminant analysis.The model was good and the consistent homology rate was 97.5％.The model was well used for cardiovascular health evaluation in healthcare center (the Kappa value in 2009 and 2010 was 0.446 and 0.415,respectively) and the consistency of the model was good.Conclusions This evaluation model of cardiovascular health could be used for grading and assessing of the level of health management of cardiovascular health.

Identification of abnormal cardiovascular and metabolic parameters in healthcare check-up populations during two years' follow-up / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To investigate the detection rate of abnormal cardiovascular and metabolic indicators in health check-up populations,and provide evidence for early screening and health interventions for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.Methods A total of 5578 adults (male 3404 and female 2174) were recruited from a medical institution in Beijing in 2008 and 2010.Cardiovascular and metabolic indicators,including blood pressure,lipid profile and fasting plasma glucose,were tested at baseline and 2 years.Paired t test or paired rank sum test was used for data analysis.Results Detection rate of abnormal blood pressure in 2010 was lower than that in 2008; however,rates of abnormal total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting plasma glucose were higher in 2010 than in 2008 (t values were 5.378,13.885,3.210,10.401 and 4.355,respectively; all P ＜ 0.05).High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride showed no statistically significant difference between 2008 and 2010 (t values were 1.204 and -0.012,respectively; both P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion We have been observing a dynamic change in abnormal cardiovascular and metabolic indicators,based on which effective interventions could be taken to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

A survey of health management centers in China / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To learn the development of Chinese health management centers,and to provide evidence for discipline planning and development goals.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to get the information about the size and personnel structure,discipline and scientific research,academic and talent training,informatization and comprehensive service ability of 103 health management centers.Results About 76％ health management centers occupied a land of more than 1000 square meters.Annual health checkup showed an increasing trend year by year (from 39 500 persons per year in 2009 to 52 500 persons per year in 2011).Nearly 54％ health management centers provided health/disease risk assessment services,and only 21％ provided psychological evaluation services.The main challenges for academic activities in these centers were information collection and record,research topic selection and study design,specific training for chorin disease screening and technique skills.Conclusion Sustainable development of health management industry in China may largely depend on discipline construction of health management.

Validity and reliability of Chinese version of alcohol withdrawal scale(AWS) / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of Alcohol Withdrawal Scale (AWS). Methods Totally 175 patients diagnosed as alcohol dependence according to the criteria of ICD-10 were studied. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis was applied for examining interrater consistency and Cronbach' s α for internal consistency. Factor analysis was used to examine the construct validity. Correlation analysis between AWS and CGI,Revised Clinic Institute Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome Scale(CIWA-Ar) were conducted to evaluate the criterion validity. Based on clinical criteria,ROC curve was calculated so as to test the discriminative ability and establish the cut-off point of the scale. Results ( 1 ) Reliability: ICC value was 0.93,and Cronbach's α was 0.83,which indicated good interrater and internal consistency. (2) Validity:the correlation coefficients of the two subscale with the total scale score were 0.78,0.83 respectively. The correlation coefficients between the subscale were 0. 81 and factor analysis revealed that each item of the scale had relatively high load on the primary factor (0.409 ～0.926). At the time of admission,the total score of the AWS was positively correlated with that of CGI ( r = 0.71, P < 0.05 ). The total score of the AWS also was positively correlated with that of CIWA-Ar ( r = 0. 86, P<0. 05). As treatment went on,total score of the AWS showed a downward trend,at the end of the first week,the total score of the AWS was positively correlated with that of CGI ( r = 0.62, P<0.05). (3)The cut-off point of AWS for mild alcohol withdrawal state was determined as ≥3. With this cut-off point,AWS had both high sensitivity (92.1% ) and specificity (73.5% ) ,and the area under curve (AUC) was 0. 91. The cut-off point of AWS for moderate withdrawal state was determined as ≥7, and the sensitivity and specificity of AWS were 94.3 % and 89.7 % respectively, with the AUC of 0.94. The cut-off point of AWS for severe withdrawal state was determined as ≥ 10. With this cut-off point AWS had both high sensitivity (94. 9% ) and high specificity (92.6% ) .with the AUC of 0.93. Conclusion AWS has good reliability and validity and can reflect the change of the disease and the efficacy of treatment.

Experimental study in vitro on toxicology and cytocompatibility of collagen/hydroxylapatite (CHA) composite material as part of tracheal prosthesis / 生物医学工程学杂志

Cytotoxicity and cytocompatibility remains the principal theme for biomaterials application in medicine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity and cytocompatibility of collagen/hydroxyapatite(CHA) composite material in vitro in order to provide useful scientific basis for clinical use. Cellular cultivation in vitro and MTT assay were conducted for evaluating the composite material's influence on the morphology, growth and proliferation of cultured cell(L-929 cell). The hemolysis test was also performed for evaluating the impact on the function and metabolism of erythrocyte. These results demonstrated that the CHA composite material had no cytotoxicity and no hemolytic effect, and it might not be harmful to the morphology of the L-929 cell. The growth and proliferation of the L-929 cell could not be inhibited significantly. The cytotoxicity score of the composite material was grade 0. The hemolysis rate was 1.85%. In conclusion, collagen/hydroxyapatite (CHA) composite material might have good cytocompatibility and be safe for clinical use.

Replacing dog cervical esophagus with polyurethane stent covered with collagen-chitosan sponge / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To replace esophageal defects with artificially composed biodegradable materials and non-biodegradable materials. Met hods: A two-layered tube consisting of a collagen-chitosan sponge and an inner polyurethane stent was used to replace 5 cm esophageal segmental defect s in 15 dogs. The inner polyurethane stent was removed endoscopically at weekly intervals from 2 or 4 weeks. Results: Partial regeneration of es ophageal epithelia was observed in 5 dogs at week 2, and progressing constricti on occurred and the dogs became unable to swallow within 1 month. In the 10 dog s that the polyurethane stent was removed at week 4, regenerated esophageal tiss ue successfully replaced the defects, and complete epithelization was observed 1 month after surgery. Complete regeneration of esophageal mucosa structures, inc luding mucosal smooth muscle and mucosal glands were observed 3 months after surgery, and partial regeneration of esophageal muscle tissue was also observed 6 months after surgery. Conclusion: Our artificial prosthesis i n reconstruction of the cervical esophagus segment in dogs is feasible. Through temporary polyurethane tube, collagen-chitosan sponge provides a three-dimensi onal structure suitable for the regeneration and sufficient degradation time for the complete regeneration of esophagus.