External and Internal Validation of a Computer Assisted Diagnostic Model for Detecting Multi-Organ Mass Lesions in CT images / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective We developed a universal lesion detector (ULDor) which showed good performance in in-lab experiments. The study aims to evaluate the performance and its ability to generalize in clinical setting via both external and internal validation. Methods The ULDor system consists of a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained on around 80K lesion annotations from about 12K CT studies in the DeepLesion dataset and 5 other public organ-specific datasets. During the validation process, the test sets include two parts: the external validation dataset which was comprised of 164 sets of non-contrasted chest and upper abdomen CT scans from a comprehensive hospital, and the internal validation dataset which was comprised of 187 sets of low-dose helical CT scans from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). We ran the model on the two test sets to output lesion detection. Three board-certified radiologists read the CT scans and verified the detection results of ULDor. We used positive predictive value (PPV) and sensitivity to evaluate the performance of the model in detecting space-occupying lesions at all extra-pulmonary organs visualized on CT images, including liver, kidney, pancreas, adrenal, spleen, esophagus, thyroid, lymph nodes, body wall, thoracic spine,

Advances of Artificial Intelligence Application in Medical Imaging of Ovarian Cancers / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Ovarian cancer is one of the three most common gynecological cancers in the world, and is regarded as a priority in terms of women's cancer. In the past few years, many researchers have attempted to develop and apply artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to multiple clinical scenarios of ovarian cancer, especially in the field of medical imaging. AI-assisted imaging studies have involved computer tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this review, we perform a literature search on the published studies that using AI techniques in the medical care of ovarian cancer, and bring up the advances in terms of four clinical aspects, including medical diagnosis, pathological classification, targeted biopsy guidance, and prognosis prediction. Meanwhile, current status and existing issues of the researches on AI application in ovarian cancer are discussed.