RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathological characteristics of primary Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) of the prostate.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two cases of primary NHL of the prostate were studied by analyzing the clinical data, pathological features, prognosis and review of the literature.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HE showed that the normal prostatic tissues were replaced by diffuse-type cancer tissues composed of oval or round medium- to large- size lymphoid cells, with vesicular nuclei, fine chromatin, 2-4 membrane-bound nucleoli and scanty cytoplasm, with either amphophilic or basophilic. Immunohistochemistry revealed: CD20 +, CD79a +, CD10 -, CD5 -, CD3 - and CD45 - in Case 1 and CD20+ + +, PSA +/-, CKpan -, Syn -, CgA -, 34betaE12 -, P504S - and CD3 - in Case 2. Case 1 received chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy, relapsed 4 years later and stabilized by repeated chemotherapy. Case 2 experienced no recurrence after treated by chemotherapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Surgical treatment could be avoided by preoperative pathological diagnosis of primary NHL of the prostate, for which combined chemotherapy should be the first preference.</p>