Survey on Assistive Devices Utilization for Old Adults Supported by Community-based Homecare in Dongcheng, Beijing / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the awareness, use, price acceptance, satisfaction, feedback on quality problems, compliance and access methods of assistive devices for the old adults in Dongcheng, Beijing. Methods:From April to December, 2017, 166 homecare old adults from six communities of Dongcheng, Beijing accepted assistive devices after adaption, and were taught how to use. They were followed up once half a month for six months to investigate activities of daily living, satisfaction, awareness and expectation for their assistive devices. Results:There were 22% of them never used their assistive devices. For those assistive devices had been used, 62% were mobile products, 48% were homecare products, 44% were visual products, 20% were hearing products, and 4% were other products. The score of Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology was (4.04±0.46) in total, with 2% abandoning. Practicalness, good quality, multi-function and high performance-cost were the most important factors in mind to buy the assistive products. Common quality problems were infirmness of assembly (43%), rough appearance (27%), damaged parts (15%), hidden danger (13%), unsuitable size (3%), poor reliability (3%) and lack of structural strength (3%). The ways to obtain assistive devices included self-purchase (80%), government adaptation (13%), family and friends giving (6%), and lease (0%). Conclusion:Assistive devices can improve quality of life for the old adults. They prefer to choosing assistive devices of multi-function, cost-effective, for daily living, communication and homecare. Professional fitting, regular visit and maintenance can increase the satisfaction, and reduce abandonment of assistive devices. Assistive devices leasing service may help to promote the access of assistive devices.

Construction of Professional Training System of Assistive Technology:in Perspective of ICF / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To explore a training system of high level professionals with international vision and meeting the develop-ment of assistive technology in China. Methods The training system was constructed in the theory framework of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health,and work process-oriented. Results and Conclusion A curriculum system with tree-type modes and a practice system with three-level and multi-form of assistive technology specialty were constructed,that was recognized by industry and society in the developing.

Value of bedside lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the value of bedside lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 49 neonates who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital in March 2017 with respiratory symptoms as the chief complaint were enrolled. Bedside lung ultrasound was performed within 24 hours after admission. A retrospective analysis was performed for their clinical data and lung ultrasound findings. The value of bedside lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to the gold standard for the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia, of all 49 neonates, 44 were diagnosed with pneumonia. According to the criteria for the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia based on lung ultrasound findings, 38 neonates were diagnosed with pneumonia. In the neonates with respiratory symptoms, lung ultrasound had a sensitivity of 86%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 45% in the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia. Among the 44 cases of neonatal pneumonia diagnosed by the gold standard, the lung ultrasonic images showed B-lines in all 44 neonates (100%), 75% had pleural line abnormalities, 36% had patchy or local hypoechoic area in the lung, 27% had alveolar-interstitial syndrome, and 20% had air bronchogram.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>As a new diagnostic technique in clinical practice, bedside lung ultrasound has a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia and can thus be used as a tool for the diagnosis of this disease.</p>

Changes in 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level and its significance in children with Kawasaki disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes in the serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25-(OH)D3] and its significance in children with Kawasaki disease (KD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 242 KD children were collected. According to the presence or absence of coronary artery lesion (CAL), these children were classified into CAL group (63 children) and non-CAL (NCAL) group (179 children). According to the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), these children were classified into IVIG-sensitive group (219 children) and no-IVIG-response group (23 children). A total of 40 healthy children (control group) and 40 children with acute upper respiratory tract infection (AURI group) were enrolled as controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to measure the serum level of 25-(OH)D3.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before IVIG treatment, the AURI, NCAL, and CAL groups had significantly lower serum levels of 25-(OH)D3 than the control group (P<0.05); the CAL group had a significantly lower serum level of 25-(OH)D3 than the AURI and NCAL groups (P<0.05); the AURI, IVIG-sensitive, and no-IVIG-response groups had significantly lower serum levels of 25-(OH)D3 than the control group (P<0.05); the no-IVIG-response group had a significantly lower serum level of 25-(OH)D3 than the AURI and IVIG-sensitive groups (P<0.05). After IVIG treatment, the CAL group had a significantly lower serum level of 25-(OH)D3 than the NCAL and control groups (P<0.05); the no-IVIG-response group had a significantly lower serum level of 25-(OH)D3 than the IVIG-sensitive and control groups (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>KD children may experience a reduction in the serum level of 25-(OH)D3. With a greater reduction in the serum level of 25-(OH)D3, the possibility of CAL and KD with no response to treatment increases.</p>

Meta-analysis on radiofrequency ablation in combination with transarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and TACE alone for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Datebases were searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective cohort studies from the establishment of the databases to January 2014. The bibliographies of the included studies were searched, too. After study selection, assessment, data collection and analysis were undertaken, we performed this meta-analysis by using the RevMan5.2 software. Seventeen studies involving 1116 patients met the inclusion criteria with 530 treated with RFA-plus-TACE and 586 with TACE alone. The results of meta-analysis showed that the combination of TACE and RFA was obviously associated with higher 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates (OR1-year=3.98, 95% CI 2.87-5.51, P<0.00001; OR2-year=3.03, 95% CI 2.10-4.38, P<0.00001; OR3-year=7.02, 95% CI 4.14-11.92, P<0.00001) than TACE alone. The tumor complete necrosis rate in patients treated with TACE and RFA was higher than that of TACE alone (OR=13.86, 95% CI 8.04-23.89, P<0.00001). And there was a significant difference in local recurrence rate between two different kinds of treatment (OR=0.24, 95%CI 0.14-0.44, P<0.00001). Additionally, combination of TACE and RFA was associated with higher complete tumor necrosis rates than TACE mono-therapy in the treatment of HCC. However, RFA plus TACE was found to be associated with a lower local recurrence rate than TACE monotherapy. TACE-plus-RFA treatment was associated with a higher response rate (RR) than the TACE-alone treatment (OR=3.90, 95% CI=2.37-6.42, P<0.00001). TACE-plus-RFA treatment did not differ from the TACE-alone treatment in terms of stable disease (SD) rate (OR=0.38, 95% CI=0.11-1.26, P=0.11). Meta-analyses showed that the combination of RFA and TACE was associated with a significantly lower progressive disease (PD) rate (OR=0.15, 95% CI=0.05-0.43, P=0.0005). The rate of AFP reducing or returning to normal in serum in RFA plus TACE group was obviously lower than TACE alone group (OR=4.62, 95% CI 2.56-8.34, P<0.00001). The effect of TACE plus RFA for HCC is better than TACE mono-therapy. The combined therapy can elevate the patients' overall survival rate, tumor necrosis rate and the rate of AFP reducing or returning to normal in serum and decrease local recurrence rate, PD rate compared with TACE alone.

Serum hydrogen sulfide levels in children with benign infantile convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the changes and significance of serum hydrogen sulfide (H2S) levels in children with benign infantile convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis (BICE).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-two hospitalized children diagnosed with BICE were recruited to the observation group, and 46 children admitted due to acute gastroenteritis alone were recruited to the control group. Serum H2S levels were measured by a spectrophotometer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The serum H2S level in the observation group was significantly lower than in the control group (28±12 μmol/L vs 45±10 μmol/L; P<0.01). The patients with a number of convulsions greater than or equal to two had significantly lower serum H2S levels than those with a number less than two (P<0.05). The number of convulsions was negatively correlated with serum H2S level in BICE patients (r=-0.485, P=0.001). When a convulsion exceeded 5 minues in duration, the duration was negatively correlated with serum H2S level (r=-0.736, P=0.004).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The reduction in endogenous H2S level might be one of the causes of convulsions in BICE patients. The degree of reduction in H2S level is associated with the number of convulsions and the duration of convulsion (when it exceeds 5 minues). Further investigation is needed to determine the clinical significance of these results.</p>

Meta-analysis on radiofrequency ablation in combination with transarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and TACE alone for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Datebases were searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective cohort studies from the establishment of the databases to January 2014. The bibliographies of the included studies were searched, too. After study selection, assessment, data collection and analysis were undertaken, we performed this meta-analysis by using the RevMan5.2 software. Seventeen studies involving 1116 patients met the inclusion criteria with 530 treated with RFA-plus-TACE and 586 with TACE alone. The results of meta-analysis showed that the combination of TACE and RFA was obviously associated with higher 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates (OR1-year=3.98, 95% CI 2.87-5.51, P<0.00001; OR2-year=3.03, 95% CI 2.10-4.38, P<0.00001; OR3-year=7.02, 95% CI 4.14-11.92, P<0.00001) than TACE alone. The tumor complete necrosis rate in patients treated with TACE and RFA was higher than that of TACE alone (OR=13.86, 95% CI 8.04-23.89, P<0.00001). And there was a significant difference in local recurrence rate between two different kinds of treatment (OR=0.24, 95%CI 0.14-0.44, P<0.00001). Additionally, combination of TACE and RFA was associated with higher complete tumor necrosis rates than TACE mono-therapy in the treatment of HCC. However, RFA plus TACE was found to be associated with a lower local recurrence rate than TACE monotherapy. TACE-plus-RFA treatment was associated with a higher response rate (RR) than the TACE-alone treatment (OR=3.90, 95% CI=2.37-6.42, P<0.00001). TACE-plus-RFA treatment did not differ from the TACE-alone treatment in terms of stable disease (SD) rate (OR=0.38, 95% CI=0.11-1.26, P=0.11). Meta-analyses showed that the combination of RFA and TACE was associated with a significantly lower progressive disease (PD) rate (OR=0.15, 95% CI=0.05-0.43, P=0.0005). The rate of AFP reducing or returning to normal in serum in RFA plus TACE group was obviously lower than TACE alone group (OR=4.62, 95% CI 2.56-8.34, P<0.00001). The effect of TACE plus RFA for HCC is better than TACE mono-therapy. The combined therapy can elevate the patients' overall survival rate, tumor necrosis rate and the rate of AFP reducing or returning to normal in serum and decrease local recurrence rate, PD rate compared with TACE alone.

Long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic versus open partial nephrectomy / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Most of the literatures on laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) versus open partial nephrectomy (OPN) focus on technical details and early or mid-term oncologic outcomes, reflecting that the approach is safe and provides midterm benefits compared with traditional open surgery. However, the difference of long-term oncologic outcome between LPN and OPN remains unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the long-term oncologic outcome of LPN in the treatment of localized renal tumors compared with that of OPN.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A systematic search of electronic databases including Medline, Embase, and Cochrane library was conducted. Comparative studies reporting on long-term oncologic outcome of LPN versus OPN were regarded eligible. The odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the oncologic outcomes. The methodologic quality of the included studies was evaluated using the strict criteria of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six comparative studies (1495 participants including 555 LPN and 940 OPN) were included in the present study. There was no significant difference between LPN and OPN in 5-year overall survival (OS) rates (OR = 1.83, 95% CI (0.80, 4.19)), 5-year cancer specific survival (CSS) rates (OR = 1.09, 95% CI (0.62, 1.92)), and 5-year recurrence free survival (RFS) rates (OR = 0.68, 95% CI (0.37, 1.26)).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results of this meta-analysis revealed that there was no significant difference in long-term oncologic outcome between LPN and OPN for treatment of localized renal tumors.</p>

The analysis of hantavirus S gene in Apodemus agrarius in Changbai area / 病毒学报

To gain more insights into epidemiologic characteristics and genotype of hantavirus in Apodemus agrarius in Changbai Area. Complete hantavirus S segment sequences were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. The phylogenetic trees were constructed for analysis of genetic characters of hantavirus. A total of 58 Apodemus agrarius were trapped in the epidemic areas, and complete hantavirus S segment sequences were obtained from 4 lung samples of these rodents (6. 90%0). Phylogenetic analysis of the four S segment sequences indicated that all viruses isolated from Apodemu sagrarius were closely related to genotype 6 of Hantaan virus (95. 8%-96. 3%, nucleotide identity; 98. 6%-99. 5%, amino acid identity), all of them had a specific S387 different from other genotypes of Hantaan virus.

Complete video-assisted thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy for pulmonary diseases: the early experiences / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the safety and feasibility of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) anatomic segmentectomy for pulmonary diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between November 2009 and July 2011, 20 patients received consecutive VATS anatomic segmentectomy by single surgical group. There were 3 male and 17 female, aging from 32 to 81 years with a mean of 53 years. The patients included 12 cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (5 cases of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, 6 cases of adenocarcinoma, and 1 case of squamous cell carcinoma), 7 cases of benign diseases (3 cases of bronchiectasis, 2 cases of inflammatory pseudotumor, 1 case of tuberculosis, and 1 case of sclerosing hemangioma) and 1 case of metastasis tumor. The locations of resected segments included 1 anterior segment, 3 posterior segments, 4 apical segments, and 2 superior segments in the right side; and 5 lingular segments, 3 trisegments, and 2 superior segments in the left side. Simultaneously, 3 patients with bronchiectasis underwent segmentectomy and lobectomy, 1 of 6 patients with adenocarcinoma underwent lingulectomy and thymectomy. The pathological TNM stages of 12 NSCLC patients were 9 cases of T1aN0M0, 1 case of T1bN0M0 and 2 cases of T2aN0M0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of these 20 patients, the median operative time was 155 minutes (range, 120 to 235 minutes), the median blood loss was 50 ml (range, 10 to 600 ml), the median drainage duration was 3 d (range, 1 to 6 d), and the median hospital stay was 6 d (range, 3 to 9 d). One patient who had undergone lingulectomy had a 600 ml intraoperative bleeding from lingular artery, and the bleeding was controlled by suturing the rupture under VATS. Bloody sputum occurred in 2 patients, prolonged air leak occurred in one patient for 5 days, and one patient developed subcutaneous emphysema that spontaneously resolved. No mortality was observed for 30 days after the surgery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>VATS anatomic segmentectomy is a feasible and safe technique with acceptable operative time, less blood loss, fewer complications, and shorter hospital stay.</p>

Association between serum uric acid and short-term clinical outcome among patients with acute stroke / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and early clinical outcome among patients with acute stroke.Methods A total of 3231 acute stroke patients were included in the present study.Data on demographic characteristics,life style risk factors,history of disease,admission SUA and clinical outcome at discharge were collected for all participants.Poor clinical outcome was defined as neurologic deficiency (NIHSS≥10) at discharge or death during hospitalization.Results Increased SUA level was associated with decreased risk of poor outcome among ischemic stroke patients.After adjustment for multivariate,the odds ratio (95％ confidence interval) of poor outcome for every increased unit was 0.856 (0.795-0.898) among ischemie stroke patients.Logistic analysis was conducted according to quintile of SUA level,after adjustment for multi-variates,the odds ratio (95％ confidence interval) of poor clinical outcome appeared to be associated with SUA of 197-241 μmol/L,242-285 μmol/L,286-346 lμmol/L and ≥347 μmol/L,but were 0.552 (0.354-0.861),0.417 (0.263-0.661),0.390 (0.241-0.630) and 0.352(0.213-0.581),respectively in those acute ischemic stroke patients,when compared to those with SUA＜ 197 μmol/L.Among acute hemorrhagic stroke patients,after adjustment for multivariate,the odds ratio (95％ confidence interval) of poor outcome for every increased unit was not significant among hemorrhagic stroke patients.According to the quintile of SUA level,when compared to those with SUA＜ 150 μmol/L,the odds ratio(95％ confidence interval) of poor clinical outcomes associated with SUA of 150-185 μmol/L,186-230 μmol/L,231-297 μtmol/L and ≥298 μmol/L,were also not significant among those hemorrhagic stroke patients.Conclusion Elevated SUA seemed to be an independent predictor for short-term good clinical outcome among acute isehemic stroke patients.

Isolation and identification of a Banna virus strain from mosquitoes in Yunnan province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To isolate and identify Banna virus(BAV)from mosquitoes collected in Mengla county of Yunnan province.Methods Mosquito samples were collected in houses and stock yards in Mengla county,2008.Mosquitoes were homogenized and incubated onto both C6/36 and BHK21 cells.The new isolate was identified by using ELISA and RT-PCR.The sequences of segment 5.8 and 11 of BAV were amplified by RT-PCR and determined.Phylogenetic analysis on the new BAV were performed using MEGA4 program.Results 1731 mosquitoes representing 7 species were collected with one strain of BAV isolated and identified.Phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of segment 8 showed the new isolate was closed to BAV strain isolated in Yunnan,but segment 11 sequence was closed to Vietnam strain.Conclusion Results of phylogenetic analysis implied that the BAV re-assortment might have been occurred both in Chinese and Vietnam strains.

The regulative effects of polydatin on toll-like receptor 4 signal transduction pathway in lung ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbits / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate protective effects of polydatin(PD) during lung ischemia/reperfusion in rabbits and its potential mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rabbit lung model of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury was constituted in vivo. Thirty rabbits were divided into groups randomly: Control (C), I/R, PD group, respectively. Endotoxin (ET) in plasma was analyzed by End-point Chromogenic Assay, the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA, nuclear factor (NF)-kappaBp65 mRNA, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA were measured by RT-PCR, the morphological changes of lung tissue were observed with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference in ET concentration of plasma between groups (all of P > 0.05). The expression of TLR-4 mRNA, NF-kappaBp65 mRNA and ICAM-1mRNA in I/R group were significantly increased as compared to C group and PD group, while those expressions in PD group were evidently higher than those in C group (all of P < 0.01). Light microscope showed that the lung pathological injuries in PD group were obviously alleviated as compared to I/R group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PD might have a protective effect on lung ischemia/reperfusion injury by down-regulating TLR4 and NF-kappaB expression, then inhibiting the release of mediators of inflammation as ICAM-1.</p>

Protective effects of polydatin against lung ischemia/reperfusion injury and the initial exploration for its mechanism / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To observe protective effects of polydatin (PD) during lung ischemia/reperfusion injury (LI/RI) and investigate its potential mechanism .</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rabbit lung model of ischemia/reperfusion injury was constituted in vivo. The 40 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10): control group (C group), ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R), PD + I/R group (PD) and PD+ polymyxin B (PMB) + I/R group (PMB). The blood specimen gathered at different time points were tested for the content of melondialdehyde (MDA) and the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). The lung tissue sampled at the end of the experiment were assayed for wet/dry weight ratio (W/D), injured alveoli rate (IAR) and observing ultrastructure changes under electron micro scope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The activity of SOD showed a similar time-dependent decline in I/R group and PMB group during I/R, while in PD group this tendency was milder (P < 0.01 vs I/R group). (2) In contrast to the results above, the level of MDA markedly increased in I/R and PMB group, but was slowed down in PD group (P < 0.01 vs I/R group). (3) The value of W/D) and IAR was much higher in I/R and PMB group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 vs C group). In PD group, it was decreased (P < 0.01 vs I/R group or PMB group). (4) Electron microscope showed obvious ultrastructure injury brought by LI/RI in I/R group and PMB group, which was greatly attenuated in PD group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PD can protect lung from LI/RI, and PKC may participate in its mechanisms.</p>

Effects of safflower injection on cycloxygenase in rabbits lung ischemia/reperfusion injury / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To observe protective effects of safflower injection (SI) on lung ischemia/reperfusion injury (LIRI) and investigate its potential mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rabbit lung model of ischemia/reperfusion injury was constituted in vivo. The rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operation group (S group), ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R group) and ischemia/reperfusion plus safflower injection group (SI group). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities in serum were measured. The lung tissue sampled at the end of the experiment was assayed for wet/dry weight ratio (W/D), injured alveoli rate (IAR) and ultrastructural changes were observed under electron microscope. The expression of COX-1 and COX-2 were measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The expressions of COX-1mRNA and COX-2mRNA were observed by in situ hybridization (ISH).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In I/R group, XO and MDA increased and SOD decreased in serum, while the same changes happened in SI group but less severely(P<0.01). The value of W/D and IAR was much higher in I/R group than S group, but decreased in SI group. Electron microscope showed obvious ultrastructural injury brought by LIRI in I/R group, which was greatly attenuated in SI group. The IHC and ISH demonstrated that COX-2 and COX-2mRNA in pulmonary tissue of I/R group were significantly higher than those of SI group (P < 0.01). The difference of COX-1 and COX-1mRNA in pulmonary tissue among the three groups was not significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The ischemia/reperfusion lung injury insults induced the regulation of COX-2 in lung. Safflower injection may attenuate lung ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 expression.</p>