Case-control study on the relationship between body mass index and lower limb alignment of patients with knee osteoarthritis / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between body mass index and lower limb alignment of patients with knee osteoarthritis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2008 to June 2010, 78 patients who suffered from severe knee osteoarthritis were treated with total knee replacement, including 17 males and 61 females, ranging from 41 to 85 years old, with an average age of 68.1 years. The Chinese average adult body mass index (BMI) classification standard was used to classify the patients into three groups: normal group, BMI<24.0, including 3 males and 11 females, totalized 14 patients (28 knees), with the mean age of (69.5 +/- 4.7); overweight group, 24.0 < or = BMI<28.0, including 4 males and 25 females, totalized 29 patients (58 knees), with the mean age of (66.4 +/- 7.9) years; and obese group, BMI > or = 28.0, including 10 males and 25 females, totalized 35 patients(70 knees), with the mean age of (69.1 +/- 8.3) years. The limb X-ray film measuring system was used to measure the lower limb alignment at the supine and weight-bearing position.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no statistical significances between the normal group and the overweight group in the knee varus angle at the supine and weight-bearing position (P>0.05). However, keen varus angle of the overweight group increased compared with the other two groups at the supine position,and the angle of the weight-bearing position increased nearly 2 degrees, but no statistical significance. There was no statistical significance between supine and weight-bearing position in the three groups of BMI, but the knee varus angle at the supine position was more than the weight -bearing position in the three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The knee varus angle of obese patients with osteoarthritis in the weight-bearing position increases obviously. It indicates that obesity is an important factor increasing the angle of lower limb alignment.</p>

Compare the outcome of ureteroscopic lithotripsy with ureteroscopic management after failed extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for ureteral calculi / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy and complication of ureteroscopic lithotripsy and ureteroscopic management for ureteral calculi after failed extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and thirty-six cases with ureteral calculi after failed ESWL and 189 cases with ureteral calculi were treated with ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL). Clinical data of two groups were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean operating time and therapeutic time in ESWL-URSL group was longer than that in URSL group, while the rate of polypi hyperplasia and open-surgery in ESWL-URSL group was 34.6%, 5.88% versus 28.3%, 1.59% in URSL group. There is no significant statistical difference in stone-free rate between two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ureteroscopic management can be preferred for the patients with disadvantage of ESWL in some condition.</p>