Expression of DOG-1 and C-erbB-2 in papillary thyroid carcinoma and their clinical significance / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the expression and clinical significance of DOG-1 and C-erbB-2 in papillary thyroid carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of DOG-1 and C-erbB-2 protein in 48 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma and 30 cases of benign thyroid lesions (15 cases of nodular goiter and 15 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis).Results The DOG-1 positive rate of thyroid papillary carcinoma (27.08％,13/48) was significantly higher than that of benign lesions (0,0/30),the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).The C-erbB-2 positive rate (39.58％,19/48) was significantly higher than that of benign lesions (3.33％,1/30),the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).Positive expression of DOG-1 as well as C-erbB-2 correlated with advanced TNM and presence of lymph node metastasis.The expression of DOG-1 and C-erbB-2 in patients with multifocal carcinomas combined with lymphatic metastasis showed a significant positive correlation(r =0.503,P =0.024).Conclusion The data suggest that DOG-1 and C-erbB-2 contribute to the pathogenesis and progress of thyroid papillary carcinoma.Our results introduce DOG-1 combined with C-erbB-2 as a promising biomarker for recurrence prediction and target therapy.

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms of three early cancer lesions: a case report / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMNs) are rarely reported and it is important to give early diagnosis and proper therapy for these patients. Here reported a case of 62-year-old man with concomitant three early stage cancer lesions in upper gastrointestinal tract, all of which were detected by endoscopy. The first one was an IIc-type lesion at angular part of stomach under endoscopy, which was histologically confirmed to be a mucosal well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a standard radical gastrectomy for the lesion after the failure of endoscopic treatment. The other two neoplasms were observed during follow-up and were indicated as early stage lesions by synthesizing information from endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography, computed tomography and biopsy. One displayed as a hyperemic patch (3 cm×4 cm in size) located at the part of esophagus 27 cm away from the incisor teeth and was proved to be moderately differentiated squamous cancer by histopathological examination. The other was an IIc-type lesion (3.0 cm×3.5 cm in size) located at the part of esophagus 36 cm away from the incisor teeth, and the biopsy result showed a poorly differentiated squamous carcinoma. Both the two lesions were treated with radical radiation because the patient refused surgery management. No recurrence of former lesions or occurrence of novel lesions were observed during post-treatment follow-up, suggesting radical radiation might be effective for this patient.

Relationship between BRCA1 mRNA expression in tumor cells from malignant effusions and chemosensitivity to cisplatin in patients with metastatic malignant effusions / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the mRNA expression of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) in tumor cells isolated from malignant pleural and peritoneal effusions, and the predictive role of BRCA1 related to the efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tumor cells were isolated from malignant pleural and peritoneal effusions of 31 cancer patients. The response of these tumor cells to cisplatin was determined by CCK8 assay. Real time quantitative RT-PCR was used to examine the BRCA1 mRNA level in the primary culture cancer cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression level of BRCA1 mRNA was 0.618 (0.014 - 18.063) in primary culture tumor cells. The IC(50) of DDP was 2.809 µg/ml in the primary culture tumor cells (0.118 - 19.439 µg/ml). Both BRCA1 mRNA expression and the tumor cells IC(50) of DDP were not significantly related with patient age, gender, the type of primary tumor, whether to accept the chemotherapy and effusion type (P > 0.05). The level of BRCA1 mRNA was negatively correlated with the chemosensitivity in terms of IC(50) of cisplatin (P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Assessment of expression level of BRCA1 mRNA may be useful in predicting the efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic malignant effusions.</p>

Anti-angiogenic effect of vinorelbine in combination with cetuximab in vitro and in vivo / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This experiment aims to study the anti-angiogenic ability of vinorelbine combined with cetuximab in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were used as control group. Proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was assessed by MTT assay. Furthermore, we used Transwell chambers, capillary tube formation and flow cytometry to observe the effects of vinorelbine combined with cetuximab on HUVEC migration, tube formation and cell apoptosis, respectively. In addition, the anti-angiogenic ability of the drugs was checked using chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The inhibitory rate of HUVEC growth was 25.8%, 39.2%, 54.0% for vinorelbine at the concentration of 0.1 ng/ml, 0.4 ng/ml, and 0.8 ng/ml, respectively; that of 0.25 microg/ml cetuximab was 19.7%, and that of 0.1 ng/ml vinorelbine + 0.25 microg/ml cetuximab, 0.4 ng/ml vinorelbine + 0.25 microg/ml cetuximab and 0.8 ng/ml vinorelbine + 0.25 microg/ml cetuximab was 29.5%, 46.4%, 64.6%, respectively. The inhibitory rates of the drugs at the above mentioned combinations of migration and tube formation of HUVEC were 51.9%, 68.2%, 95.0%, respectively. The inhibitory rate of 0.1 ng/ml + 0.25 microg/ml cetuximab and 0.4 ng/ml vinorelbine + 0.25 microg/ml cetuximab on tube formation of HUVEC was 38.8% and 57.7%, respectively, showing a sub-additive effect, and that of combination of 0.8 ng/ml vinorelbine + 0.25 microg/ml cetuximab was 78.9%, showing a synergistic effect. In addition, the apoptotic rate of HUVEC induced by 0.8 ng/ml vinorelbine + 0.25 microg/ml cetuximab was 59.9%, showing a synergistic effect. The in vivo experiment also showed that the combination of the two drugs had a synergistic anti-angiogenic effect.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both low dose vinorelbine and cetuximab have an anti-angiogenic effect in vitro and in vivo, and the combination of the two drugs has sub-additive or synergistic inhibitory effect on angiogenesis.</p>

Influence of different frequencies of acupuncture on therapeutic effect in patients with cerebral infarction at convalescence / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the influence of different frequencies of acupuncture on the therapeutic effect in patients with cerebral infarction at convalescence.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety-seven cases were randomly divided into an observation group I (n = 50) and an observation group II (n = 47). They were treated with same Chinese drugs and western medicine and electroacupuncture at Jiquan (HT 1), Quchi (LI 11), Hegu (LI 4), Huantiao (GB 30), etc. The observation group I was treated twice each day and the observation group II once each day. After treatment of 30 days, their therapeutic effects were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate of 94.0% for improvement of limb activity in the observation group I was better than 78.7% in the observation group II (P < 0.05); the therapeutic effects for choking when taking water, dysphagia, vague mind and slurred speech were similar in the two groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The therapeutic effect of acupuncture twice each day on cerebral infarction at convalescence is superior to that of once daily.</p>

Prognostic significance of ERCC1 mRNA expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving platinum-based chemotherapy / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation of the mRNA expression level of excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) gene with clinicopathological parameters and clinical outcome in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving platinum-based chemotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mRNA expression of ERCC1 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary tumor specimens was measured by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The association between ERCC1 expression levels and clinicopathological parameters in NSCLC patients was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median value of ERCC1 mRNA expression level compared with beta-actin in tumor specimens of 61 NSCLC patients was 0.48. There was no correlation between ERCC1 expression and clinicopathological parameters. Patients with low expression of ERCC1 mRNA (less than 0.35, 0.28, respectively) had a significantly longer median time to progression (TTP) (14.3 vs. 8.0 months, P = 0.028) and overall survival (OS) (28.4 vs. 12.9 months, P = 0.0064) than those with high expression. Multivariate analysis showed that a low ERCC1 mRNA expression was an independent factor for OS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our findings suggest that intratumoral ERCC1 mRNA expression level, although is uncorrelated with clinicopathological parameters, is an independent predictive marker for survival of the patients with NSCLC receiving platinum-based chemotherapy, and may provide critical information for personalized chemotherapy.</p>

Differential gene expression of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins in docetaxel-resistant gastric cancer cells / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Resistance to chemotherapy may indicate an unfavorable outcome for patients with gastric cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine whether docetaxel-resistance could be due in part to the expression of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Docetaxel-resistant cells, BGC-823/R1, BGC-823/R2 and BGC-823/R3, were established from parent BGC-823 cells by stepwise increasing concentration of docetaxel. To characterize these cells, we examined the effects of docetaxel on cell growth and apoptosis by MTT assay and double staining with both annexin-V-FITC and PI, and analyzed the cross-resistance to various anticancer drugs. Expression of IAP compared with that in parental cells was evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The BGC-823 resistant cells, BGC-823/R1, R2 and R3 cells, were 10.2-, 24.5-, 56.3-fold more resistant to docetaxel than parental cells, respectively, and this resistance was paralleled with reduced induction of apoptosis. BGC-823/R3 cells showed cross-resistance to paclitaxel, whereas exhibited weak or no cross-resistance against 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin and oxaliplatin. The expressions of survivin and XIAP were gradually increased with the extent of docetaxel resistance (r = 0.909, P < 0.001 and r = 0.892, P < 0.001, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IAP may make an important contribution to the resistance to the apoptotic effect of docetaxel in gastric cancer, and could be used as a potential therapeutic target.</p>

Inhibitory effect of oxaliplatin in combination with hyperthermia on angiogenesis / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of oxaliplatin in combination with hyperthermia on angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT method was used to observe the influence of oxaliplatin on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) or human colon cancer cells (LOVO). The influence of oxaliplatin on HUVEC migration was evaluated by Transwell. Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model was used to check whether the neovascularization of CAM could be suppressed in vivo.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival rate of HUVEC was 80.1% - 42.5% within a range of 0.5 - 16 microg/ml and was negatively correlated with the concentration (correlation coefficient was - 0. 943, P = 0.005). The survival rate of LOVO cells within those doses was more than that of HUVEC. There was a synergistic antiangiogenic effect when a combination of oxaliplatin (0.5 microg/ml, 1 microg/ml and 16 microg/ml) with hyperthermia was used while additional effect was shown by the combinatioin of oxaliplatin (2 microg/ml, 4 microg/ml and 8 microg/ml) and hyperthermia in vitro. Oxaliplatin inhibited migration of HUVEC in vitro at low doses (0.25 - 2 microg/ml), and also suppressed angiogenesis of CAM in vivo at doses of 1 -4 microg/ml.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results of this experiment showed that low dose of oxaliplatin has anti-angiogenic effect in vitro, while in combination with hyperthermia has additional effect both in vivo and in vitro.</p>

Synergistic effect of Chinese materia medica and chemotherapeutic agents / 中国中西医结合杂志

Both in vitro and in vitro studies have proved that partial of Chinese materia medica including monomer or active ingredients have synergistic action with chemotherapeutic agents, the former could enhance the effect of the latter. Its mechanism may be correlated with the actions of Chinese materia medica in enhancing immune function, directly killing tumor cells, inducing tumor cell apoptosis, regulating cell cycle and reversing chemotherapeutic drug resistance, etc. The present article summarized the synergistic effect of Chinese materia medica, monomer or active ingredients, with various chemotherapeutic agents, and tried to provide a theoretical evidence for combined application of them in the procedure of clinical tumor treatment.

Distribution of hydroxycamptothecin after aerosol inhalation in rabbits / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics of hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) after aerosol inhalation in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>RP-HPLC was used to determine the concentration of HCPT in different tissues and plasma of rabbits. The tissue distribution of HCPT after aerosol inhalation or iv administration was compared. The plasma concentrations at different time after aerosol inhalation were compared with iv injection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The HCPT concentrations in lung after aerosol inhalation at 0.5, 1 and 2 h were 13.52, 27.81 and 20.82 times higher than that of iv administration group, respectively. At the same time, concentrations in other tissues were decreased obviously. The absolute bioavailability of HCPT after aerosol inhalation was 7.38%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>After aerosol inhalation, HCPT is retained mostly in lung. So this administration route can raise the therapeutic index and reduce adverse effects.</p>

Effect of arsenic trioxide on drug transporting molecules in acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on expression of drug transporting molecules in APL MR2 cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MR2 resistant to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and non-ATRA resistant APL cell line NB4 was used in this in vitro study. Expression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), multidrug resistance protein (MRP) and lung resistance-related protein (LRP) was detected by immunocytochemical assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of Pgp was significantly higher in MR2 (30%-40%) than in NB4 (10%-20%) (P < 0.001), and that of MRP was also higher in MR2 (56.9 +/- 3.4-21.2 +/- 1.1) than in NB4 (20.6 +/- 5.3-16.7 +/- 1.2) (P < 0.001). As2O3 at concentrations ranging from 0.5 approximately 2.0 micromol/L could significantly decrease the expression of Pgp and MRP, but not that of LRP. The decrease in the expression of Pgp and MRP in MR2 cell line was negatively correlated with the dose and duration of action of As2O3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pgp and MRP, but not LRP, may be the sensitive targets of As2O3 to overcome drug-resistance. ATRA might be the substrates of Pgp and MRP.</p>

Development and application of ultrasound technology for hyperthermia / 中国医疗器械杂志

It has been a long time since ultrasound hyperthermia began to be used in the clinical management of cancers and benign diseases. Numerous biological and clinical investigations have demonstrated that: hyperthermia in the range of 41-45 degrees C can significantly enhance clinical response to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, and high-temperature hyperthermia (greater than 65 degrees C) alone is now being used as an alternative to conventional invasive surgery for selective tissue destruction, causing tumor coagulation and necrosis. As a promising noninvasive and effective local therapy, HIFU has attracted great attention. China is advanced in the clinical applications of HIFU. This article gives an introduction of the development and applications of ultrasound hyperthermia technology, and also provides a general review of a selection of ultrasound hyperthermia systems both in clinical use and under development.

The computer aided-therapy system of tumor thermal-treatment instrument using HIFU technology / 中国医疗器械杂志

Tumor thermal-treatment instrument is a newly developed medical instrument using HIFU technology. On the basis of a brief introduction of the system structure, this paper emphasizes the computer aided-therapy system applying a lot of computer technologies such as digital signal processing, digital signal communication computer aided design, artificial intelligence and database management system. Finally a concise therapy process using computer aided-therapy system is also introduced.