Application of modified alternate negative pressure drainage instrument after posterior lumbar fusion / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of modified alternate negative pressure drainage on postoperative outcomes after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery.@*METHODS@#This was a prospective study involving 84 patients who underwent PLIF surgery between January 2019 and June 2020. Of these patients, 22 had single-segment surgery and 62 had two-segment surgery. Patients were grouped by surgical segment and admission sequence:the observation group included patients with a single-segment surgery, and the control group included patients with a two-segment surgery. Natural pressure drainage was given to 42 patients in the observation group (modified alternate negative pressure drainage group) after surgery, which was then changed to negative pressure drainage after 24 hours. In the control group, 42 patients were given negative pressure drainage after surgery, which was then changed to natural pressure drainage after 24 hours. The total drainage volume, drainage time, maximum body temperature at 24 hours and 1 week after surgery, and drainage-related complications were observed and compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#There was no significant difference in operative time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups. The postoperative total drainage volume was significantly lower in the observation group (456.69±124.50) ml than in control group (572.36±117.75) ml, and the drainage time was significantly shorter in the observation group (4.95±1.31) days than in the control group (4.00±1.17) days. Maximum body temperature at 24 hours after surgery was similar in both groups (37.09±0.31)°C in the observation group and (37.03±0.33)°C in the control group, while on the 1st week after surgery, it was slightly higher in the observation group (37.05±0.32)°C than in the control group (36.94±0.33)°C, but the difference was not significant. There were no significant differences in drainage-related complications, with one case(2.38%) of superficial wound infection in the observation group and two cases(4.76%) in control group.@*CONCLUSION@#Modified alternate negative pressure drainage after posterior lumbar fusion can reduce the drainage volume and shorten the drainage time without increasing the risk of drainage-related complications.

Chemical constituents and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of seeds of Moringa oleifera / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents of the seeds of Moringa oleifera were isolated and purified by using Sephadex LH-20, Toyo-pearl HW-40F, silica gel, ODS, and MCI column chromatography. The structures of compounds were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry, ~1H-NMR, ~(13)C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC, and ~1H-~1H COSY, as well as physicochemical properties of compounds and literature data. Twelve compounds were isolated from 30% ethanol fraction of the seeds of M. oleifera and identified as ethyl-4-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-α-L-rhamnoside(1), ethyl-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-α-L-rhamnoside(2),(4-hydroxybenzyl)ethyl carbamate(3),(4-aminophenyl)acetic acid(4), ethyl-α-L-rhamnoside(5), methyl-α-L-rhamnoside(6), moringapyranosyl(7), 2-[4-(α-L-rhamnosyl)phenyl]methyl acetate(8), niaziridin(9), 5-hydroxymethyl furfural(10), 4-hydroxybenzeneacetamide(11), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(12). Among them, compounds 1 and 2 are two new compounds, compound 3 is a new natural product, and compounds 4-5 were yielded from Moringa plant for the first time. All compounds were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro. Compound 10 showed excellent inhibitory activity with IC_(50) of 210 μg·mL~(-1).

Mechanism of antiplatelet aggregation of active fraction from sorghum roots / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the mechanism of anti-plate- let aggregation of sorghum root active parts. Methods The effects of active fraction (WEAE-M 30%) from sorghum roots on platelet aggregation induced by collagen, thrombin and adenosine diphosphate were investigated in vitro. Western blot, enzyme-linked immunoas-say, flow cytometry and fluorescence techniques were used to explore the mechanism of the antiplatelet aggregation effect of WEAE-M 30% . Results WEAE-M 30% had a significant inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation induced by the three agonists mentioned above. The inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation induced by collagen was the most significant, with an inhibitory rate of (72. 91 ±2. 42)%. It was found that WEAE-M 30% had a significant inhibitory effect on the collagen- mediated platelet (IPVI signaling pathway protein Src, MAPK signaling pathway protein p38 and ERK phosphorylation. It also significantly inhibited the levels of ATP, P-selection and Ca2+ in platelets. Conclusions It is suggested that the mechanism of WE-AE-M 30% antiplatelet aggregation may be related to the inhibition of platelet activation pathway GPV1, MAPK and the release of typical platelet representative particles.

Optimization of SRAP-PCR System for Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia and Primer Screening / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To establish the sequence-related amplified polymorphism （SRAP）-polymerase chain reaction （PCR） system for <italic>Valeriana officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia</italic>，so as to lay the theoretical and technical foundations for the breeding of<italic> V. officinalis </italic>var. <italic>latifolia</italic>. Method:Single factor test was applied to investigate the effects of <italic>Taq</italic> Mix dose，Mg²⁺concentration，template DNA concentration，and <italic>Taq </italic>DNA polymerase content on SRAP-PCR amplification of <italic>V. officinalis </italic>var. <italic>latifolia</italic>，based on which the orthogonal experiments were performed to optimize the SRAP-PCR system for <italic>V. officinalis </italic>var. <italic>latifolia</italic>. The effective primers that could be used for genetic diversity studies of <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia </italic>were selected under the optimal reaction condition. Result:The results of the single factor test showed that <italic>Taq </italic>Mix dose within the range of 8-11 μL resulted in better amplification. The addition of a low concentration of Mg²⁺，the medium to low concentrations of template DNA，or the low concentration of <italic>Taq</italic> DNA polymerase enhanced the amplification efficiency or richness. As demonstrated by the orthogonal experiments，the influencing degrees of related factors on SRAP-PCR amplification of <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia </italic>were sorted in a descending order as follows： <italic>Taq</italic> Mix dose><italic>Taq</italic> DNA polymerase content>Mg²⁺ concentration>template DNA concentration. The optimal reaction system for <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia </italic>was determined to consist of 11 μL of <italic>Taq</italic> Mix，30 ng of template DNA，0.025 mmol·L^-1Mg²⁺，1.5 U<italic> </italic>of<italic> Taq </italic>DNA polymerase，5 μmol·L^-1 forward primer，and 5 μmol·L^-1 reverse primer，which was supplemented to 20 μL with ddH₂O. The optimal annealing temperature was 36.8 ℃. A total of 17 pairs of effective primers with high band resolution and polymorphism were selected from 88 primer pairs for SRAP-PCR of <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia</italic>. Conclusion:The established SRAP-PCR system for <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia</italic> is stable， which can be used for genetic diversity studies of <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia</italic>.

A new macrocyclic phenolic glycoside from Sorghum vulgare root / 中国中药杂志

Eleven compounds were isolated and purified from Sorghum vulgare root extract, through column chromatography over silica gel, MCI gel, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were established by MS, 1 D NMR and 2 D NMR data as sorgholide A(1), β-sitosterol(2), stigmastero(3), daucosterol(4), 4-methoxycinnamic acid(5), taxiphyllin(6), chlorogenic acid(7), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(8), succini acid(9), trans-p-hydroxycinnamic acid(10), obtusalin(11). Compounds 4,5 and 9-11 were reported from this species for the first time, and compound 1 is the first 24 ring dimeric double lactonol glycoside formed by reverse polymerization of p-hydroxyphenylacetate glucoside, named sorgholide A.

Protective Effect of Syringaresinol on Excitatory Damage Induced by Sodium Glutamate in SH-SY5Y Cells / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To establish a model for the injury of human neuroblastoma cell (SH-SY5Y) induced by sodium glutamate, and to observe the protective effect of syringaresinol on cell damage from Viscum liquidambaricolum hayataon, and to explore its mechanism. Method: Construction of SH-SY5Y cell injury model using sodium glutamate.The experiment was divided into normal cell group, injury model group (sodium glutamate 50 mmol·L-1, sodium glutamate 50 mmol·L-1 + DMSO),syringaresinol experimental group (6.25, 12.5, 25 μmol·L-1), by cell counting, cell morphology observation, Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection, ROS reactive oxygen species detection, mitochondrial membrane potential, and Western blot, evaluation of syringaresinol on glutamate-induced neuronal excitability injury neuroprotective activity. Result: Compared with normal group, the cell survival rate of the model group was significantly decreased (PPPPP-1) showed a concentration-dependent increase in cells. Survival rate (PPPPPConclusion: Syringaresinol has significant protective activity against excitatory damage induced by sodium glutamate in SH-SY5Y neurons, the mechanism may be through anti-oxidative stress, repairing mitochondrial function and DNA damage to significantly reduce sodium glutamate-induced neuronal apoptosis.

Chemical constituents from medical and edible plants of Rosa roxburghii / 中国中药杂志

Rosa roxburghii, a kind of the medical and edible plants belonging to the Rosaceae family, is widely distributed in the southwest districts of China, especially Guizhou province. Now, by reason of the extensive bioactivities, the plant is widely used in the field of food, health product, drug, and so on. In the course of our continuing search for the bioactive constituents, thirteen compounds were isolated from R. roxburghii, and their structures were determined on the basis of physicochemical property, spectroscopic data and comparison with the literatures, as 2-oxo pomolic acid(1), 1β-hydroxyeuscaphic acid(2), euscaphic acid(3), arjunic acid(4), tormentic acid(5), kaiiichigeside F1(6), rosamultin(7), arjunetin(8), 2ɑ, 3ɑ, 19ɑ-trihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9), 2α, 3α, 19α, 24-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic-acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(10), pyrogallic acid (11), daucosterol(12), and 1, 2-decanediol(13). Compounds 9 and 10 were firstly obtained from Rosaceae family, and compounds 1,4,5,9-11,13 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Efficacy evaluation of acupoints massage on asthenopia of video display terminal under different exposure dose / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the efficacy differences of acupoints massage for asthenopia of video display terminal (VDT) under different exposure dose.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and two cases (204 eyes) were divided into a low exposure group and a high exposure group, fifty-one cases in each group. The same intervention of acupoints massage on Cuanzhu (BL 2), Jingming (BL 1), Sizhukong (TE 23), Sibai (ST 2) and Taiyang(EX-HN 5) were given to the two groups, one acupoint for 5 min and once everyday, one month of which made a course. The symptom score, tear film break-up time (BUT) and Schirmer I test(SIT) were observed before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The correlation coefficient of cubic curve model of the exposure dose was the biggest with symptom improvement index (P = 0.000), which indicated that the lower VDT exposure index was, the more obvious the symptom improved. The symptom improvement indices of low exposure group and high exposure group, which were (52.31 +/- 16.65)% and (28.93 +/- 13.35)% respectively, were statistical significant difference (P = 0.000). (2) Compared to before treatment, the levels of BUT and SIT in the two groups were both significantly higher (P < 0.05). Compared with the high exposure group, the levels of BUT and SIT in the low exposure group were increased by 0.826 s (P = 0.022) and 1.029 mm (P = 0.033), respectively, after the impact of BUT and SIT was corrected before the research.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The acupoints massage can improve the symptoms and ocular physiology for patients with VDT asthenpia, and it is more effective for the low exposure cases.</p>

Anticancer effect of 5-fluorouracil combined with extract of Rosa roxburghii Tratt on human endometrial adenocarcinoma / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate anticancer effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combined with CL, extract of Rosa roxburghii Tratt on human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line (JEC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>JEC cells cultured in vitro in the logarithmic growth phase were seeded in the culture plate and divided into the control group (RPMI 1640), the positive group (10(-4) mol/L 5-FU), the CL groups (at the dose of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 microg/mL), and the CL (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 microg/mL) combined with 5-FU groups. Effects of 5-FU combined with CL on JEC cell growth were drawn and measured by MTT and growth curves. Effects of CL combined with 5-FU on the JEC cell differentiation was analyzed by detecting the reduction capability of nitrobenzene thiocyanate (NBT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) contents in the cultured medium. Effects of CL combined with 5-FU on the JEC cell apoptosis and cell proliferation cycle were detected by acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB) fluorescent staining and flow cytometry (FCM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The proliferation inhibitory effect of CL combined with 5-FU on JEC cells was enhanced when compared with that of CL or 5-FU alone (P<0.05). The percentages of NBT positive JEC cells and apoptotic JEC cells increased in the 5-FU combined with CL groups when compared with 5-FU group or the CL group alone (P<0.05). The LDH concentration of the JEC cell culture supernate decreased in 5-FU combined with CL groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the percentage of G0-G1 phase JEC cells treated by 5-FU combined with CL was higher than that of 5-FU or CL alone (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CL could enhance anticancer effects of 5-FU. Its mechanisms might be correlated with reinforcing the cytotoxicity of 5-FU, inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis, and inhibiting cell proliferation and division.</p>

A novel azo-type compound from Dendrolobium triangulare / 药学学报

Thirteen compounds from Dendrolobium triangulare (Retz.) Schindl. were isolated and purified by chromatography on silica gel, macroporous resin column and recrystallization method, and their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral analyses as azo-2, 2'-bis [Z-(2, 3-dihydroxy-4-methyl-5-methoxy) phenyl ethylene] (1), beta-sitosterol (2), N-(2'-hydroxy-tetracosanoyl)-2-amino-1, 3, 4-trihydroxyoctadec-8E-ene (3), lupeol (4), cycloeucalenol (5), daucosterol (6), betulinc acid (7), betulin (8), glyceryl hexacosanoate (9), glyceryl 26-hydroxy hexacosanoate (10), methyl pheophorbide-a (11), acacetin-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (12) and robinin (13). To our knowledge, all compounds are obtained from Dendrolobium genus for the first time and compound 1 is a novel compound. Moreover, it is understood that compound 1 has better protection against PC12 cell damnification deduced by glutamate, than that of Vitamin E in 2 microg x mL(-1) concentration.

Anticancer effect of CL extract of Rosa roxburghii / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate anticancer effects and potential mechanisms of CL, extract of Rosa roxburghii.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>In vitro anticancer effect was observed in Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) mice model. Cell toxicity of CL on human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line JEC (JEC) cells was measured by MTT reduction test and growth curves drawing by trypan blue dye exclusion method. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration of cultured medium was detected by auto-biochemistry-meter. Cell differentiation was showed by detection of NBT reduction ability. Apoptosis was showed by AO/EB fluorescent staining and flow cytometer detection. Cell proliferation cycle was detected by flow cytometer.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Comparing with the negative group, life span of EAC mice treated with CL was prolonged (P <0.05), and thymus index and spleen index of them were raised (P <0.05). The inhibitory effect of CL on JEC cells was in concentration-and time-dependent manner. IC50 of CL on JEC cells was 0.05 microg mL(-1) in 96 hours. Growth curves showed right-shift with CL concentration increasing. The number of NBT positive JEC cells increased and the LDH concentration of cultured medium declined with CL increasing. Apoptosis of JEC cells with CL treated was induced in concentration-dependent manner, apoptotic percentage of CL 10 microg mL(-1) on JEC cells was 25.59% in 24 hours. CL arrested JEC cells in G2-M phase (P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CL has certainly anticancer effects in vivo and in vitro. Anticancer effect of CL in vivo was in relation to enhancing immune function of EAC mice; anticancer mechanisms of CL on JEC cells may be its direct cytotoxic effect, inducing cell apoptosis and inhibiting cell segmentation.</p>

Chemical constituents from Viscum nudum and their accelerating PC12 cell differentiation / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate chemical constituents of the stem of Viscum nudum and their bioacyivity.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The major chemical constituents were isolated from the AcOEt-solved part of ethanol-extract of the plant by column chromatography and the active screening test in vitro were taken out for looking for compounds to acccelerate PC12 cell differentiation.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>5 compounds were identified as eriodictyol (1), 5, 7-dihydroxy-3', 4'-dimethoxy flavanone (2), oleanolic (3), 5, 7-dihydroxychromone (4) and homeriodictyol (5) by spectral evidences, in which homeriodictyol (5) had acceleration differentiation to PC12 cell.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time, and bioactive constituent was observed in the AcOEt-solved part.</p>

Structure-activity relationships of salicylic acid and its analogs in the inhibitory action on beta-lactamase / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>Nineteen compounds related to salicylic acid were evaluated for their in vitro activity of inhibiting beta-lactamase isolated from a resistant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and their structure-activity relationships were examined.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nitrocefin method was used.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of salicylic acid inhibiting beta-lactamase was 22 mmol x L(-1); four analogs had IC50 lower than that of salicylic acid; fifteen analogs had IC50 higher than that of salicylic acid.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Examination of the structure-activity relationships of the compounds revealed that carboxyl group and adjoining hydroxyl group were active group, and replacement of adjoining hydroxyl by carboxyl increased activity nearly 4-fold. Moreover, addition of a sulfonic group at C-5 and nitro group at C-3, 5 of benzenoic ring of salicylic acid resulted in a 2-fold to 3-fold increase in activity, addition of a amino group at C-5 of benzenoic ring of salicylic acid decreased activity, add addition of -Cl or -F at C-2,4 position of benzenoic ring of benzoic acid did not show activity.</p>

Two new flavones from Fordia cauliflora of Yunnan / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the chemical constituents of the stem of Fordia cauliflora of Yunnan province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The constituents were separated and purified by repeated silica column chromatography. The structures were elucidated by physical-chemical properties and spectroscopic data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of the stem of Fordia cauliflora. They were identified as: 6-hydroxy-3-methoxy-6",6"-dimethylchromeno-(2", 3" : 7, 8)-flavone (1), 3-methoxy-6-(3-methyl-but-2-enyloxy)-6", 6"-dimethylchromeno-( 2", 3" : 7, 8)-flavone (2), 3, 6-dimethoxy-6", 6"-dimethylchromeno-( 2", 3" : 7, 8)-flavone (3), 7-hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone (4), 7, 4'-dihydroxyisoflavone (5) and karanjin (6).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds. Compounds 3 -5 were isolated from the plant for the first time.</p>

Study on chemical constituents from Incarvillea arguta and their accelerating PC-12 cell differentiation / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study chemical constituents of Incarvillea arguta and their accelerating PC-12 cell differentiation.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The constituents were isolated and repeatedly purified on silica gel column chromatography, and were identified on the basis of physicochemical and spectroscopic analysis. The neurotrophic activity of different portion and all purified compounds from I. arguta was determined on the model of PC-12 cell.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Five compounds were isolated from BuOH portion of alcohol extraction of I. arguta. Their structures were identified as plantarenaloside (I), 5-hydroxy-4', 6 7-trimethoxy-flavone (II), 4', 5-dihydroxy-6, 7-dimethoxyflavone (III), 4', 5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (IV), 5-dydroxy-4', 7-dimethoxyflavone (V).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound I is isolated from the plant for the first time and it has neurotrophic activity for PC-12 cell. Compounds II approximately V are isolated from the genus Incarvillea for the first time.</p>

Studies on chemical constituents from the root of Mirablis jalapa / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical constituents from the root of Mirabilis jalapa.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Compounds were isolated from 75% ethanolic extract of the titled herb by silica gel column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by physical and chemical evidences and spectroscopic analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Four compounds were obtained and identified as (2, 5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl)-urea (1), glycerin monoeicosate (2), boeravinone (3) and beta-sitosterol (4).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound (2) is a new compound, and compound (1) was obtained from this plant for the first time.</p>

Analysis of 1H-NMR fingerprint in stem of Dendrobium loddigesii / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the 1H-NMR finger-print of the stem of Dendrobium loddigesii.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Silica gel column chromatography was used to separate the chemical constituents of SCE A of the stem of D. loddigesii. The characteristic signals of the H-NMR finger-print were analysed after determining the structures of the compounds isolated from SCE A.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>1H-NMR finger-prints of the samples of D. loddigesii collected from different regions showed highly characteristic features and reproducibility. Four compounds predominant in SCE A were isolated and their structures were determined by spectral analysis as 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound 3 and 4 were isolated from D. loddigesii for the first time. The 1H-NMR finger-print of CGE A of the stem of D. loddigesii showed mainly the characteristic signals of the above four compounds and might be utilized for the original authentication of this plant.</p>