Role of immunologic abnormality in recurrent parotitis in children / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between immune function and the recurrent parotitis (RP) for children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The children diagnosed as RP were divided into two groups: aged under 6y and over 6y and the immune function were measured and compared with that of normal children.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For RP children the ratio of CD4+ T cell in over 6y group was significantly lower than that in under 6y group (P<0.05), while IgG value in over 6y group was higher than that in under 6y group (P<0.05). Compared with normal children, RP children in under 6y group had higher CD8+ T cell ratio and IgG, IgE, IgA and C3 value (P<0.01) and lower CD4+ T cell ratio (P<0.01), while RP children over 6y group, they had higher CD8+ T cell ratio, IgE value (P<0.01) and C3 (P<0.05), lower CD4<T cell ratio than those in control group (P<0.01). IgE value and CD8+ T cell ratio in under 6y group were higher than those over 6y control group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Impaired immune function may play an important role in the recurrent parotitis in children.</p>

Effect of nitric oxide on the proliferation of AGS gastric cancer cells / 癌症

<p><b>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE</b>Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in many physiologic and pathologic processes. As an important biologic mediator, NO has been the focus of cancer study for its function in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and death. This study investigated the effect of NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the growth and proliferation of gastric cancer cell line AGS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The growth inhibition of AGS cells was analyzed using MTT assay. The cell cycle was measured using flow cytometry. The changes of mRNA expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and caspase-3 were examined using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the protein expressions of PCNA and caspase-3 were analyzed using Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Dose-dependent SNP inhibited cell growth and proliferation. When the AGS cells were treated with SNP at 100, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 mumol/L for 24 h, the growth inhibition rates were (2.02 +/- 2.96)%, (10.82 +/- 2.21)%, (18.95 +/- 3.35)%, (26.88 +/- 2.54)%, and (42.57 +/- 1.27)%, respectively (P < 0.05). SNP altered the cell cycle in AGS cells. Compared with the control group, treatment with SNP at 100, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 mumol/L for 24 h reduced the number of cells in the S phase by 2.29%, 7.8%, 11.34%, 20.49%, and 23.6%, respectively, and enhanced the number of cells in the G1/G0 phases by 3.33%, 9.3%, 13.46%, 21.37%, and 24.73%, respectively (P < 0.05). With the increasing concentration and action time of SNP, the expressions of PCNA mRNA and protein decreased. The expression of caspase-3 mRNA remained unchanged, but procaspase-3 was activated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NO not only inhibits cell growth and proliferation, but also induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells, and such effects of NO showed significant dose-dependent activity.</p>

Urethral guidance probe applied to surgical urethral realignment / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To search for a safe and convenient surgical method for management of urethral disruption.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We performed urethral realignment for 18 cases of posterior urethral disruption and 4 cases of ruptured bulbous urethra using the urethral guidance probe following bladder puncture stoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Urethral realignment was accomplished in 21 of the cases, 18 under epidural and 3 under local anesthesia, with the mean blood loss of 20 ml and the average operation time of 18 minutes. Open surgery was necessitated in 1 case due to the complication of bladder rupture. Routine postoperative urethral dilation extended for 3 months, and all the cases were followed up for 3 to 24 months. The maximum urine flow rate was 15-22 ml/s in 13 cases and 10-14 ml/s in 7. One case received urethral anastomosis 3 months later because of urethrostenosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Urethral realignment with the urethral guidance probe is a safe, convenient and effective surgical strategy for the management of urethral disruption.</p>

5-Lipoxygenase/cysteinyl leukotriene pathway is not involved in injury of rat C6 glioma cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine whether oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) induces C6 cell injury, and whether 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)/cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT) pathway is involved in OGD-induced injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After OGD treatment and recovery for various durations, the viability of C6 cells was determined, and the effects of 5-LOX inhibitors and CysLT receptor antagonists were investigated. Intracellular distribution of 5-LOX protein was detected by immunocytochemistry, and the mRNA expressions of CysLT1 and CysLT2 receptors were detected by RT-PCR. The effect of leukotriene D(4) (LTD(4)) on C6 cells was also investigated.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>OGD for 4-8 h followed by recovery for 24-72 h significantly induced C6 cell injury. Neither 5-LOX inhibitors nor CysLT receptor antagonists inhibited OGD-induced injury. OGD did not induce 5-LOX translocation into the nuclear membrane. C6 cells highly expressed CysLT(2) receptor, but the expression of CysLT1receptor was much weaker; the expression was not affected by OGD. In addition, LTD(4) did not affect C6 cells significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>OGD can induce C6 cell injury, but 5-LOX/CysLT pathway might be not involved in OGD-induced injury.</p>

Children's temperament characteristics and dental fear / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the relationship between children's temperament and dental fear.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>254 children(aged 4-6 years) during first dental treatment took part in the investigation. Their parents answered the Chinese preschool children's temperament scales (CPTS). The Frankl method was used to classify the degree of the children's dental fear. The K independent samples test and One-way ANOVA test were performed to find the differences of the type of temperament and the scores of temperament dimension among three groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 254 children(aged 4-6 years), 104 had no fear, 80 had fear and 70 had extreme fear. The incidence of dental fear in children was 59.06%. There were no statistical differences (P > 0.05) of dental fear between boys and girls. There were statistically significant differences for the type of temperament among no fear group, fear group and extreme fear group. The scores of adaptability and quality of mood were higher in the extreme fear group and fear group than that in the no fear group. The differences in scores of adaptability and quality of mood was statistically significant between the extreme fear group and no fear group. But the scores of other seven temperament dimensions had no statistical significant differences among three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Children's dental fear is correlated to their temperaments. The tendencies of negative mood and slow adaptability should be considered that the patients were at risk of developing dental fear problem.</p>

Dihydroartemisinin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of rat glioma C6 cells / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on the proliferation and apoptosis of rat glioma C6 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DHA (1~ 125 micromol/L) was added into the cultured C6 cells and incubated for 24, 48 and 72 h. The cell proliferation and viability were determined by trypan blue exclusion assay and 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. The apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33342 staining. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by H(2)DCFDA oxidative reaction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DHA 5 ~ 125 micromol/L inhibited the proliferation of C6 cells in concentration- and time-dependent manners, the IC50 at 48 h was 23.4 micromol/L. DHA 5 ~ 25 micromol/L induced C6 cell apoptosis (P<0.05), and 5 ~ 125 micromol/L increased the intracellular ROS (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DHA inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of C6 cells; its cytotoxic effect may result from the increase of intercellular ROS.</p>