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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has spread worldwide and threatened human's health. With the passing of time, the epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 evolves and the knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 infection accumu-lates. To further improve the scientific and standardized diagnosis and treatment of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in China, the Chinese Society of Perinatal Medicine of Chinese Medical Association commissioned leading experts to develop the Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection under the guidance of the Maternal and Child Health Department of the National Health Commission. This recommendations includes the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, maternal care, medication treatment, care of birth and newborns, and psychological support associated with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is hoped that the recommendations will effectively help the clinical management of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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The Theory of Change holds that the change in a project ’ s effectiveness can be derived from the changing process in the certain context .Only after analyzing changes caused by a project and the possible changing path or hypothesis can we determine the real cause of an effect .In 2012, the maternal, child and community health department of the former Ministry of Health began a comprehensive intervention project for children ’ s health in Nu-jiang Prefecture .The project was designed to explore modes and mechanisms for improving children ’ s health in the west, poverty and ethnic minority areas through cooperation at the national , provincial, and prefecture levels.Based on the Theory of Change , this article describes the logical framework of the comprehensive intervention project .In or-der to lay the foundation for improving the project design , ensuring the implementation of the project and conducting the follow-up monitoring and evaluation , we also expound the goals , implementation strategies , and intervention measures, project activities and output , implementation routes .
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In this paper , we summarize the theoretical models and research progress about program evaluation and practical situation of children ’ s health in Nujiang prefecture .We then develop a framework for comprehensively evaluating the intervention for children ’ s health based on program theory .This framework comprises the outside pro-gram environment , intervention action modules and change modules , and assessment techniques environment .The e-valuation mainly includes leading agencies , implementing agencies , coordinating agencies , coordination/implementa-tion personnel , intervention and service standards , the environment and atmosphere , target populations , interven-tions, determinants, outcome and effect .
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Objective:To determine children ’ s health status and influential factors in Nujiang prefecture , Yun-nan.Methods:Rickets morbidity rate , growth retardation rate , and low-weight rate were selected as the key indica-tors to calculate the sample size by using four-stage-sampling procedure .The data was collected through questionnaire survey, in-depth interviews, and focus-group discussions .χ2 test and qualitative analysis were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data .Results:The infant mortality rate was 13.14 %in 2011, which was 1.1 and 1.15 times more than the national and provincial average .The mortality rate of children under five was 16.35%in 2011, which was 1.05 and 1.13 times more than the national and provincial average .It was also 2.19 times more than the average in developed countries .The prevalence of medium and severe malnutrition in children under five was 2 .32%, which was 1 .54 times more than the national average .The incidence of low birth weight was 1 .41%.The research shows that the rates of rickets , growth retardation , and low-weight were 36.13%, 25.81%and 20.98%,and nutritional diseases are more serious .Conclusion:There are serious health problems for children in Nujiang pre-fecture, especially nutritional diseases .Influential factors include health policy and system , economic development, customs, geography, health service capacity , and parental health knowledge Suggestion:The government should im-prove top-level design , strengthen policy support , and develop the local economy in order to solve the social and poli-cy environment factors .Institutions and human capacity should be strengthened , access and quality of services should be improved , health education should be popularized , and health awareness and behaviors should be improved .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Field surveys were performed under WHO recommended validation procedures, using the Lot Quality Assurance-Cluster Sample(LQA-CS)method to validate the elimination status regarding neonatal tetanus in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>LQA-CS surveys were conducted in two areas under the highest risk of neonatal tetanus-Jiangmen prefecture in Guangdong and Hechi in Guangxi. Random sampling method was conducted on 96 survey clusters in each prefecture with 12 eligible live births(live birth born one year before the survey)for each cluster, by trained investigators.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 1 153 eligible live births from 23 465 families surveyed in Jiangmen and 1 152 eligible live births from 21 623 families being studied in Hechi. All the indices on quality control were strictly followed. There was no neonatal tetanus case which met the criteria of neonatal elimination found in either of the areas. Data showed that neonatal tetanus had been eliminated in both Jiangmen and Hechi cities.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Since both Jiangmen and Hechi were cities having the highest-risk in China, it was most likely that neonatal tetanus had also been eliminated in other prefectures at lower risk. Elimination programs on MNT was therefore considered validate in China when the study was carried out. However, the achievements needed to be maintained.</p>