RESUMO
Objective To assess the clinical utility of measurement of plasma heparin-binding protein (HBP) in diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis.Methods This is a retrospective study on the performance of plasma heparin-binding protein, procalcitonin and C-reaction protein in the early diagnosis of sepsis. Thirty-one patients with sepsis, 16 patients with severe sepsis, 12 patients with septic shock and 37 control patients without confirmed sepsis, all admitted to the Intensive Care Units (ICU) of the Third Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University and Wenzhou Central Hospital from August 2014 to November 2016, were enrolled in the study. The plasma level of HBP, procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured, and the detailed clinical data were retrieved from the patient chart records for all patients described above. Comparison of each laboratory and clinical parameters between groups was carried out by Non-parameter Test. The efficiency of each parameter was calculated by receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) analysis. The correlation between HBP, PCT or CRP and clinical or other laboratory parameters was explored using Spearman correlation analysis.Results HBP was significantly elevated in patients with severe sepsis[(100.65±58.82)ng/ml and(31.86±36.87)ng/ml,Z=-3.856,P<0.05;(100.65±58.82)ng/ml and(24.96±17.49)ng/ml,Z=-3.556,P<0.05]and in patients with septic shock[(148.28±99.73)ng/ml and(31.86±36.87)ng/ml,Z=-4.432,P<0.05;(148.28±99.73)ng/ml and(24.96±17.49)ng/ml,Z=-4.157,P<0.05], respectively, while CRP[(154.64±62.90)mg/L and(92.56±67.49)mg/L,Z=-2.749,P<0.05;(154.64±62.90)mg/L and (79.21±51.80)mg/L,Z=-3.218,P<0.05]and PCT[(32.86±39.93)ng/ml and(2.70±6.24)ng/ml,Z=-3.395,P<0.05;(32.86±39.93)ng/ml and(4.21±14.94)ng/ml,Z=-4.092,P<0.05]were increased only in patients with septic shock (P<0.05).For HBP, the area of under the ROC curves (AUC) was the biggest (AUC=0.687), indicating the clinical significance(P<0.05) with excellent sensitivity(0.729) at the optimal cut-off value(18.58 ng/ml). In addition, HBP(APTT: r=0.244, P=0.016;PT: r=0.351, P<0.001;INR: r=0.314, P=0.002;D-Dimer: r=0.334, P=0.001;lactic acid: r=0.394, P<0.001), CRP(APTT: r=0.271, P=0.008;PT: r=0.348, P=0.001;INR: r=0.264, P=0.009;D-Dimer: r=0.257, P=0.012;lactic acid: r=0.329, P=0.001) and PCT(APTT: r=0.375, P<0.001;PT: r=0.523, P<0.001;INR: r=0.535, P<0.001;D-Dimer: r=0.254, P=0.013;lactic acid: r=0.422, P<0.001)were positively correlated to coagulation function and to lactate.Conclusion HBP could probably be acted as an important biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis for patients with sepsis, esp., for patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.
RESUMO
Objective To elucidate the changes of the peripheral blood B cells in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients after the initiation of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART ) ,and to investigate the effect of B cell count on the curative effect of HARRT .Methods Fifty‐three cases of AIDS outpatients and 26 healthy controls were collected between April 2011 and December 2014 . CD4+ T and B lymphocytes counts were compared between the two groups before HAART treatment ,3 ,6 and 12 months after the treatment .The correlation between ΔCD4+ T cells andΔB cells (i .e .the difference value of CD4+ T cells and B cells before HAART treatment and after 12‐month treatment , respectively ) were analyzed . According to whether the CD4+ T lymphocyte count increased by 100/μL after 1 year of the first HAART ,patients were divided into treatment response and nonresponse groups .B cell counts were compared between the two groups ,and the most suitable B cell count to initiate HAART was identified by mean of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve .Pre‐and post‐treatment results were compared by paired samples t test .Comparison of measurement data between multiple groups were analyzed by one‐way ANOVA analysis .Correlation between the two groups were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis .Results B cell counts of AIDS patients before treatment ,3 ,6 and 12 months after treatment were (115 .0 ± 41 .0)/μL ,(130 .3 ± 54 .1)/μL ,(154 .2 ± 68 .1)/μL and (193 .9 ± 84 .0)/μL ,respectively ,while the B cell count of healthy controls was (299 .4 ± 125 .1)/μL . Significant differences among the five groups were observed (F= 24 .8 ,P< 0 .01) .Increases of the B lymphocyte counts with varying degrees were observed after treatments ,which were slow in the initial 3 months and faster afterwards .ΔCD4+ T cell was positively correlated with ΔB cell (r= 0 .493 , P<0 .05) .The B cell counts before treatment in the treatment response and nonresponse groups were (130 .6 ± 40 .4)/μL and (87 .2 ± 24 .5)/μL ,respectively ,which was significantly different (t=4 .77 ,P<0 .05) .The area under the ROC curve was 0 .848 .If the B cell count before treatment was 99 .5/μL ,the sensitivity and specificity to predict effective treatment were 82 .4% and 84 .2% , respectively . Conclusions B cell counts increase with varying degrees during HAART .B cell count before treatment can predict the therapeutic effect of HAART .