The clinical value of 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial imaging in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies / 生物医学工程学杂志

Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is an analog of norepinephrine that accumulates in sympathetic nerve endings soon after intravenous administration. The degree of accumulation reflects the uptake, storage and release of transmitters by noradrenergic neurons. Myocardial imaging with 123I labeled MIBG ( 123I-MIBG) can be used to estimate the extent of local myocardial sympathetic nerve damage, which has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of various heart diseases. In recent years, numerous studies have been carried out on the application of 123I-MIBG in the diagnosis of degenerative diseases of the nervous system (such as Parkinson's disease and dementia of Lewy body), and have made some achievements. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current clinical application of 123I-MIBG myocardial imaging in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies, the problems in imaging technology and the possible research directions in the future, so as to provide valuable reference information for clinicians to reasonably and accurately apply this technology in the early diagnosis and discrimination of dementia.

The application of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in inflammation and infectious disease / 生物医学工程学杂志

2-［ F］-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( F-FDG PET/CT) combining positron emission tomography with computed tomography is used to evaluate the body's glucose metabolic changes under different conditions. In addition to its established role in oncological imaging, F-FDG PET/CT has clinical utility in suspected inflammation and infection. The technique can identify the source of infection in a timely fashion ahead of morphological changes, map the extent and severity of inflammation, guide the site for tissue biopsy and assess therapy response. This article reviewed the use of F-FDG PET/CT in infection and inflammation, such as fever of unknown origin, sarcoidosis, vessel vasculitis, osteomyelitis, joint prosthesis or implant-related complications, human immunodeficiency virus-related infections, and other indications, such as inflammatory bowel disease, so as to provide reference for clinicians to select F-FDG PET/CT to help them in the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Value of 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT in pre-operative diagnosis of primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of pre-operative 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT in patients with HPT by comparing with planar 99Tcm-MIBI and ultrasound imaging. Methods A total of 57 patients (9 males, 48 females; average age: (52.9±15.5) years) were enrolled into this retrospective study. They all underwent 99Tcm-MIBI planar scintigraphy, 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT and ultrasound during March to October in 2016. All patients received parathyroidectomy and the surgical pathology was considered as the gold standard. The diagnostic efficiencies were compared using χ2 test. Results A total of 86 HPT lesions were confirmed, including 47 lesions in 46 PHPT patients and 39 lesions in 11 SHPT patients. The sensitivities of SPECT/CT, planar, ultrasound and combined imaging (planar plus ultrasound) were 87.21%(75/86), 69.77%(60/86), 65.12%(56/86) and 84.88%(73/86), respectively. The overall sensitivity of SPECT/CT was significantly higher than that of individual planar imaging and that of ultrasound (χ2 values: 4.691 and 7.818, both P0.05). No significant difference was observed among the specificities of all these modalities (χ2=2.219, P>0.05). For PHPT lesions, the sensitivities of SPECT/CT, planar imaging, combined imaging and ultrasound were 9574%(45/47), 93.62%(44/47), 97.87%(46/47) and 76.60%(36/47), respectively. No statistically significant difference was found in the sensitivity of the former 3 modalities (χ2=1.044, P>0.05), but the sensitivity of ultrasound was the lowest(χ2=16.223, P0.05). Only SPECT/CT could accurately localize 5 ectopic HPT lesions. Conclusion Compared to planar imaging and ultrasound, SPECT/CT has higher sensitivity for SHPT patients, and could provide precise localization for ectopic lesions, thus facilitating patient planning for minimally invasive surgery.

Evaluation of 131 I biokinetics and its absorbed dose in patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective To investigate the biokinetics of 131 I and its absorbed dose in patients with metastatic DTC. Methods Forty?one patients with metastatic DTC who were referred to 131 I therapy were prospectively recruited from September 2009 to September 2011. Scintigraphic images were serially acquired after the ingestion of 131I (3.70-9.25 GBq) to assess the biokinetics. CT was used to measure the masses of the DTC lesions. Calculation of absorbed doses to DTC lesions was based on the Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry formula of the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. Kruskal?Wallis rank sum test was used to compare the differences of absorbed dose among different tumor deposits. Results In total, 59 io?dine?avid metastatic lesions (35 in cervical lymph node, 17 in lung and 7 in bone) in 41 patients were evalu?ated and the mean absorbed dose of DTC lesions was (10.4±6.5) Gy/GBq, with range of 0.1 to 136.2 Gy/GBq. The median absorbed dose was 11.3 Gy/GBq for lymph node metastase, 10.1 Gy/GBq for lung metastases and 9.6 Gy/GBq for bone metastases. There were no statistically significant differences in absorbed doses a?mong the metastases of lymph node, lung and bone ( Z=0.907, P>0.05) . Conclusion A wide inter?lesion variation of absorbed dose to metastatic DTC is observed.

Comparison Study of Left Ventricular Function Assessment by 18F-FDG PET, Gated SPECT and 2D-Echocardiography in Patients with Myocardial Infarction / 生物医学工程学杂志

The aim of this study is to analyze the concordance between EDV, ESV and LVEF values derived from 18F-FDG PET, GSPECT and ECHO in patients with myocardial infarction. Sixty-four patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction were enrolled in the study. Each patient underwent at least two of the above mentioned studies within 2 weeks. LVEF, EDV and ESV values were analyzed with dedicated software. Statistical evaluation of correlation and agreement was carried out EDV was overestimated by 18F-FDG PET compared with GSPECT [(137.98 ± 61.71) mL and (125.35 ± 59.34) mL]; ESV was overestimated by 18F-FDG PET (85.89 ± 55.21) mL and GSPECT (82.39 ± 55.56) mL compared with ECHO (68.22 ± 41.37) mL; EF was overestimated by 18F-FDG PET (41.96% ± 15.08%) and ECHO (52.18% ± 13.87%) compared with GSPECT (39.75% ± 15.64%), and EF was also overestimated by 18F-FDG PET compared with GSPECT. The results of linear regression analysis showed good correlation between EDV, ESV and LVEF values derived from 18F-FDG PET, GSPECT and ECHO (r = 0.643-0.873, P = 0.000). Bland-Altman analysis indicated that 18F-FDG PET correlated well with ECHO in the Left ventricular function parameters. While GSPECT correlated well with 18F-FDG PET in ESV, GSPECT had good correlation with Echo in respect of EDV and EF; whereas GSPECT had poor correlation with PET/ECHO in the remaining left ventricular function parameters. Therefore, the clinical physicians should decide whether they would use the method according to the patients' situation and diagnostic requirements.

Evaluation of levels of nitric oxide and endothelin in type 2 diabetes patients with an-giopathy / 军事医学

Objective To investigate the changes in serum levels of nitric oxide ( NO) and endothelin ( ET) in type 2 diabetes patients with vascular complications, and to analyze the relationship between these levels and risk factors.Method We selected 98 cases of type 2 diabetes patients.Based on the grouping criteria, the patients were divided into diabetic patients with vascular complications ( group A,49 cases) and those without ( group B,49 cases) .In addition, 44 age-and body mass index-matched healthy cases were selected for control(group C).Height, weight, blood pressure, duration of diabetes, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c), blood lipids, and serum levels of NO and ET-1 of all the patients were recorded.Results The NO levels of the two groups with diabetes mellitus were significantly lower than in group C[(43.87 ±12.05)and (53.29 ±11.75)μmol/L versus (66.08 ±16.48)μmol/L, P<0.01], while the ET-1 levels of the two groups with diabetes mellitus were significantly higher [(100.25 ±20.34) and (77.55 ±14.84) versus (53.62 ±8.40)ng/L, P<0.01] than those of the group C.The NO levels of group A were significantly lower than in group B [(43.87 ±12.05) versus (53.29 ±11.75)μmol/L, P<0.01].Moreover, the ET-1 levels of the group A were significantly higher than in group B [(100.25 ±20.34) versus (77.55 ±14.84)ng/L, P<0.01].Between the two diabetic groups, group A showed significantly higher systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), HbA1c, and course than group B (P<0.01).Correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between SBP, DBP, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and NO a positive correlation between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C ) and NO, a negative correlation between HDL-C and ET-1, and a positive correlation between SBP,LDL-C, uric acid, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and ET-1.Conclusion The serum levels of NO and ET-1 in diabetic patients are evidently abnormal.Vascular endothelium injury will become more serious in patients with complications.Therefore, the serum levels of NO and ET-1 in diabetic patients are correlated with control of blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipid levels.

Influence of 131I therapy on fertility and offspring in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

For patients with DTC,the side effect of 131I therapy on fertility and offspring is an important issue since genital tissues are highly sensitive to radiation.Exposure to 131 I radiation may result in transient impairment of gonadal function in male patients caused by elevated levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone,low sperm count and motility.In female patients,exposure to 131I radiation may be complicated with delay of menstruation,oligomenorrhea and transient cessation of menstrual period.Most of these symptoms may resolve within one year after 131 I therapy.A slightly earlier menopause is the only reported long-term side effect of 131I therapy on ovarian function.Currently available data do not indicate that exposure to 131I may cause permanent infertility in male patients with DTC.For female patients with DTC,131 I therapy does not affect fertility or pregnancy outcomes beyond one year.

Relationship between internal radiation dose and outcome of radioiodine ablation of differentiated thyroid cancer / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the absorbed dose to the thyroid remnant and the outcome of m I ablation in patients after operation for DTC.Methods Seventy-two patients (14 males,58 females; age range:16-67 years,average age:(41±16) years) with DTC,prepared for thyroid remnant ablation,were prospectively recruited from September 2009 to September 2011.Scintigraphic images of the head and neck were serially acquired after oral administration of 3.7 GBq of 131I to assess the biokinetics of this tracer in thyroid remnant.Ultrasound was used to measure the mass of the thyroid remnant.Calculation of absorbed dose to thyroid remnant was based on the Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry formula of the Society of Nuclear Medicine.The outcome of 131 I ablation was evaluated on the basis of stimulated Tg measurements and neck ultrasound at 6-9 months after ablation.Patients with stimulated Tg levels less than 1 μg/L and with no detectable thyroid tissue on neck ultrasound were considered successful ablation of thyroid remnant.Two-sample t test was used to analyze the data.Results The 131I uptake ratios at 24 h were 0.9％-6.3％ in 72 patients and the effective half-lives of 131I were 12.0-146.4 h.The thyroid remnant masses were 1.0-6.9 g; absorbed doses were 23-2 197 Gy,and absorbed dose rates at 24 h were 0.5-8.1 Gy/h.No significant difference was observed in absorbed doses to thyroid remnants in 43 patients having successful ablation and 29 patients having unsuccessful ablation ((363± 148) Gy vs (341± 167) Gy,t =15.097,P＞0.05).However,the absorbed dose-rates of thyroid remnants at 24 h were significantly higher in patients with successful ablation than those in patients with unsuccessful ablation ((3.7±2.1) Gy/h vs (2.9±1.6) Gy/h,t=7.908,P＜0.05).Conclusion A successful ablation is strongly dependent on the absorbed dose-rate of thyroid remnant.

Diagnostic value of left ventricular function after adenosine loading detected by gated myocardial perfusion imaging for prediction of major adverse cardiac events / 生物医学工程学杂志

This study was aimed to analyze the value of the SPECT MPI to myocardial ischemia and cardiac function parameters in the CAD prognosis assessment. A total of 890 patients with suspected CAD underwent adenosine loading stress gated SPECT. At a mean follow-up of (2.3 +/- 0. 4) year, a total of 37 adverse events occurred, including 12 cardiac deaths and 25 nonfatal myocardial infarctions. Univariate Cox analysis showed that diabetes (wald 6.95, P < 0.01), SSS (wald 24.31, P < 0.001), EF (wald 17.14, P < 0.001), ESV (wald 8.58, P < 0.01) and EDV (wald 7.95, P < 0.01) were significant predictors of MACEs. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that SSS (wald 6.69, P < 0.05) and EF (wald 4.70, P < 0.05) were independent predictors. According to the results, SSS and EF are both independent predictors of MACEs.

Effects of balanced fertilization and soil amendment on growth and yield of sanqi in continuous cropping / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the solution of continuous cropping obstacle of Panax notoginseng.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The effects of balanced fertilization and soil amendment on the emergence rate, survival rate, growth and yield of P. notoginseng were studied with a pot culture experiment in 3-year-interval continuous cropping soil.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The result showed that the content of total N, total P, available N, available P and other available components in continuous cropping soil were higher than those in fresh soil while available K and the rate of K/N were declined, and available Cu and some other micro elements were lack. The way of balanced fertilization "low N + fused calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer + high K + lime + micro elements" would significantly enhance the rate of survival, biomass and yield. It also promoted the growth of P. notoginseng in continuous cropping. The bagasse could relieve the continuous cropping obstacle obviously, the survival rate was improved for 31.6% and the yield of medicinal materials was 19.5%. The fly ash had also some effect in relieving the continuous cropping obstacle.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The overall results suggested that the adequate fertilization plan is the applying lime, reducing N, applying calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer, improving K and supplying mircoelement as well as applying bagasse to resolve the problem of continuous cropping obstacle of P. notoginseng.</p>

Status and prospective on nutritional physiology and fertilization of Panax notoginseng / 中国中药杂志

Sanqi, Panax notoginseng, is a famous traditional Chinese herb, which has more than 400 years cultivation history in China. This paper has reviewed the studies on the suitable growing soil conditions for Sanqi, mineral nutrition effects on Sanqi, and the effects of nutrients uptake on the yield and quality of Sanqi by applying fertilizer. Thereafter, research needed to be put further efforts in the future has raised for discussion, and outlined the following topics for further research like the mechanism of mineral nutrition, methods of nutrients deficiency diagnosis on site, suitable cultivated soil grading special fertizer development, disease resistance, and fertilization recommended by soil testing.

Analysis of apelin level and related factors in patients with obesity and different glucose tolerances / 中国糖尿病杂志

Objective To evaluate apelin level in patients with obesity and different glucose tolerances, investigate relevance of apelin with body mass index(BMI), blood lipid and blood glucose. Methods According to different glucose results of oral glucose tolerance test, 120 subjects were divided into three groups: normal glucose tolerance(NGT),impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) and type 2 diabetes(T2DM). All of the subjects were also divided into obese and non-obese subgroups based on their BMI(≥25kg/m~2 or ＜25kg/m~2 ). Plasma apelin levels were compared among groups of NGT, IGT and T2DM. Fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and 2h postprandial plasma glucose (2hPG) after OGTT, lipid profile and BMI were measured. Results Both fasting and 2h postprandial plasma apelin had significant differences in these groups (P<0.05,or P<0.01). The overweight and obese subgroups in the IGT group and diabetes group had higher apelin levels than their counterpart subgroups in the NGT group. BMI, FPO, systolic blood pressure(SBP) were independent influencing factors for apelin (P<0.05 ,or P<0.01). Conclusions Plasma apelin level is related to obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Inhibition of cell proliferation and C-myc cancer protein expression in human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT29 with VIP-131I-ASON / 生物医学工程学杂志

A 15-mer phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide (ASON) complementary to the translation start region of the C-myc oncogene mRNA was labeled with 131I or 125I and the labelled compound was linked to the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) to be bound covalently to a polylysine chain so as to deliver oligonucleotide into tumor cells. The effect of the VIP as carrier on cell uptake of ASON in tissue culture was evaluated in a human colon adenocarcinoma HT29 cell line. The efficacy of VIP-131-ASON on cell growth was evaluated using the MTT assay. Expression of c-myc-encoded protein was measured by flow cytometry. Sense and nosense control Oligonucleotides with VIP carrier were used as control. The results showed that VIP competed effectively with VIP-125I-ASON to bind the HT29 cells. Cell uptake was increased 3-4 fold using the VIP carrier compared to the same dosage of naked DNA. HT29 cells treated with VIP-131I-ASON complexes exhibited 4-fold lower proliferation than those treated with 13I-ASON and 6-fold lower proliferation than those treated with radioiodinated Sense and nosense DNA. Cancer protein expression of HT29 cells treated with VIP-131I-ASON was decreased 2-fold compare with that in 131I-ASON treated cell. The use of a VIP carrier greatly increased 131I-ASON cellular uptake and inhibition of cell proliferation and C-myc cancer protein expressing in HT29 cell by radioiodinated antisense Oligonucleotides.

A study on insulin receptor on human hepatocellular cancer cell membrane / 中国普通外科杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the insulin receptor expression binding characteristics and it's clinical significance of 125 I insulin on human hepatocllular cancer cell membrane.MethodInsulin was radioiodinated using Ch T method, isolated and purified by polyacrylamide gel electryophresis. Human hepatocellular cancer and adjacent liver tissue cell membrane were extracted, receptor binding and bind ability of 125 I insulin and insulin receptor on hepatocellular cancer and adjacent hepatic cell membrane were studied. ResultsThe specific activity of 125 I insulin was 46 1?1 2 TBq/mmol,the radiochemical purity was over 98%. Insulin receptor content increased in hepatocellular carcinoma cells 〔Bmax=(1 9?0 6)?pmol/mg protein, the Kd of high and low affinity was 2 1?0 6?nmol and 25?8?nmol respectively〕 compared with carcinoma adjacent hepatic cells 〔Bmax=( 1 42? 0 57)?pmol/mg protein t =0 032 P 0 05〕.ConclusionHuman hepatocellular carcinoma cells overexpress insulin receptor. A14 125 I insulin has a specific high affinity with insulin receptor on HCC cells.