Association of health literacy with health management among diabetics / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand status of health literacy among diabetics and their health management behaviors, and analyze the relationship of health literacy and health management.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A two-staged cluster randomized sampling method was used to investigate 1 130 diabetics in Beijing, Ningbo and Xiamen from October to November in 2012. All participants should be diagnosed by primary hospital and above and have lived in the community over six months. Diabetic patients who indicated that they had severely impaired vision or cognitive disorder, or had severe physical deterioration, or did not live in the address provided were excluded. A total of 1 130 questionnaires were sent out and 1 083 eligible questionnaires were taken back, accounting for 96.87%. Multivariate logistic regression was adopted to analyze the association between health literacy and health management behaviors and blood glucose level.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among those participants, 47.7% (517) were men, 52.3% (566) were women, the age was (67.0 ± 9.5). According to diabetes health literacy scores, 73.7% (798/1 083) of them were classified as poor health literacy and 26.1% (283/1 083) as essential health literacy. Health literacy was associated with health management behaviors independently, demonstrating that the probability of utilizing health education, free physical examination, lifestyle guidance, monitoring blood glucose on their own, measuring blood glucose more than once a week and taking hypoglycemic agent regularly among diabetics with essential health literacy were 1.40 (95%CI:1.03-1.91), 1.65 (95%CI: 1.19-2.28), 2.70 (95%CI:1.98-3.69), 2.05 (95%CI:1.34-3.15), 2.56 (95%CI:1.85-3.56) , 1.48 (95%CI:1.07-2.06) times of those in diabetics with poor health literacy (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Health literacy may affect health management behaviors among diabetics. More activities targeted on diabetics with low health literacy were suggested to improve their' health literacy and their skills about diabetes mellitus management.</p>

The sonodynamic effect of chlorin-e6 on the proliferation of human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 / 肿瘤

Objective:To evaluate the sonodynamic effect of chlorin-e6, a sonosensitizing agent, on the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells. Methods:MDA-MB-231 and normal peripheral mononuclear cells (PMNCs) were treated with chlorin-e6 alone or combined with ultrasound. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay and cell morphology was observed under inversed fluorescence microscope. Results:Treatment with ultrasound (1.0 MHz, 1.0-2.0 W/cm~2,60 s) or chlorin-e6 (0.10-1.60 mg/mL) alone significantly inhibited the cell proliferation of both MDA-MB-231 and PMNC cells in a intensity-dependent and a dose-dependent manner, respectively. The 50% intensity of ultrasound for inhibiting the growth of MDA-MB-231 and PMNC cells was 1.23 W/cm~2 and 1.25 W/cm~2, respectively (P>0.05) and the IC_(50) of chlorin-e6 was 0.38 mg/mL and 0.77 mg/mL, respectively (P0.05). Compared with single ultrasound treatment (1.0 MHz, 0.5 W/cm~2,60 s) and single chlorin-e6 treatment (0.20 mg/mL), combination of ultrasound and chlorin-e6 significantly increased the death rate of MDA-MB-231 cells (P<0.05). Conclusion:Ultrasound combined with chlorin-e6 exerted specific inhibitory effect on the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells. Chlorin-e6 may be a promising sonosensitizing agent for the treatment of breast cancer.

The sonodynamic effects of Chlorin e6 on the proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma cell SPCA-1 / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE</b>Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a promising new approach for cancer therapy. The purpose of this study is to detect the effects of SDT on the cell proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma cell SPCA-1, using Chlorin e6 as a sonosensitizing agent activated by ultrasound.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SPCA-1 and normal peripheral mononuclear cell (PMNC) were treated with ultrasound or Chlorin e6 alone and combined. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay, and cell morphology was studied by inverted microscope after 6 h treated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1.0 MHz ultrasound (1.0 W/ cm(2)-2.0 W/cm2 x 60 s) and Chlorin e6 (0.4 mg/mL-3.2 mg/mL) inhibited the cell proliferation of both SPCA-1 and PMNC cells in a intensity- and a dose-dependent manner respectively. Compared with the ultrasound (1.0 W/cm2 x 60 s) or Chlorin e6 (0.05 mg/mL-0.2 mg/mL) alone, the inhibitory effect on the cell proliferation was remarkably increased by the combination of ultrasound and chlorin e6 in SPCA-1 cells (P < 0.05), but no same effect was observed in PMNC cells (P > 0.05). Compared with the ultrasound (1.0 W/cm2 x 60 s) or chlorin e6 (0.2 mg/mL) alone, the combination treatment of ultrasound with Chlorin e6 induced more necrotic cells in SPCA-1 cells (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There was a significant selectively inhibitory effect of sonodynamic effect with Chlorin e6 on the SPCA-1 cell growth. Chlorin e6 may be a promising sonosensitizing agent for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.</p>

Clinical investigation of IRESSA in the treatment of patients with advanced refractory non-small cell lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Chemotherapy is a main method for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC is usually a drug-resistant neoplasm. Innate or acquired drug-resis-tance contributes to the chief cause for bad effect in the treatment of patients with NSCLC. To search for a new anti-cancer drug becomes a goal of clinical oncologists. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the curative effect and side reactions of IRESSA in the treatment of patients with advanced refractory NSCLC.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The curative investigation was carried out after 100-day oral IRESSA by a dosage of 250mg/d in patients with advanced refractory NSCLC. The patients had ever experienced at least one regimen of chemotherapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 33 patients enrolled in this study and all were stage IV. There were 25 males and 8 females. All enrolled patients except one patient who died of severe adverse side reaction completed treatment by IRESSA. Thirty-two cases were evaluated. Complete response was obtained in 1 patient (3.1%). Partial response was seen in 11 patients (34.4%). The overall effective rate was 37.5% (12/32). The disease-control rate was 65.6% (21/32). Time to progression was 5.7 months. Overall survival time was 3.3 to 25.9 months (median survival time was 9.6 months). One-year survival rate was 28.1% (9/32). Two-year survival rate was 6.3% (2/32). The longest survivor lived for 25.9 months. The curative effect was correlated with the pathological type, in sequence of alveolar cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Almost all the adverse reactions were acceptable. The main adverse reactions included rash, itching of skin, arthralgia, diarrhea, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, chest distress and abdominal pain. No patients showed abnormal in liver or kidney function. No electrocardiogram abnormality was found. One patient who had chronic pulmonary fibrosis before died of respiratory failure due to severe interstitial pneumonia.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IRESSA takes better effect on the advanced drug-resistant patients with NSCLC. So IRESSA may be accepted as third line in the treatment of advanced NSCLC and as first line in the treatment of patients with bad constitution who have no opportinities for operation, irradiation therapy or chemotherapy.</p>

Paclitaxel plus carboplatin or cisplatin for patients with advanccd head and ncck cancer / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To study the efficacy and toxicity of paclitaxel in the treatment of patients with advanced head and neck cancer. Methods:51 patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳadvanced head and neck cancer were enrolled, including l9 patients who had no prior chemotherapy, 32 patients who had recurrent head and neck cancer after surgery and/or radiation therapy, and then had become resistant after about two cycles of chemotherapy with fluorouracil plus cisplatin. Three to six cycles of chemotherapy with paclitaxel plus carboplatin or cisplatin were administered: paclitaxel 75-l00mg/m2, qd. d 1?d 8?d 15 plus carboplatin 300-350 mg/m2, qd. d 2 (or cisplatin 20 mg/m2,qd. d 1-5 ), q 4 wk.Results:The total response rate in 51 patents was 19 (37.2%), with 4 (7.8%) complete response, 15 (29.4%) partial respond, l8(35.3%) stable disease and 14 (27.4%) progression. Major toxicities were neutropenia, GI tract reactions and alopecia. One patient had allergic shock and patient died at the beginning of the second cycle of chemotherapy. Conclusions:Paclitaxel is efficient in treating the advanced head and neck cancer. Except for rare cases of allergy, major toxic effects can be tore rated by the patients.

The diagnostic significance of circulating antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic significance of CEA specific antibodies in the serum of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. Methods: The CR4 levels were tested by an.The circulating antibodies against CEA were tested by an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) .The specificity of the CEA antibodies was carried out by an inhibition assay. Results: The CEA was elevated( ≥15 ng/ml) in 21 patients with gastrointestinal malignancies(30.9%) and in 1 patient with benign gastrointestinal conditions( hyperplastic polys, ulcers, pancreatitis, etc)(3.3%) .Anti-CEA IgG antibodies were detected in 24 patients with gastrointestinal malignancies(35.3%) and in 1 health individual (2.5%).Conduskm: In this study ,a high number of gastrointestinal malignancies patients have circulating CEA specific antibodies in their sera and these antibodies may be used as diagnostic markers.

SELECTIVE LOCALIZATION OF RADIOIODINATED ANTIBODY TO a-FETOPROTEIN IN TRANSPLANTED HEPATOMA IN RATS / 解放军医学杂志

The distribution and radioimmunoimaging of radioiodinated antibody to a-fetoprotein (AFP) in rats with transplanted hepatoma were studied. The specific antibody was isolated from anti-rat AFP rabbit antiserum by affinity purification and a dose of 50 or 150uCi of the radioiodinated antibody was inje-cted intravenously into tumor-bearing rat after the tumors were grown over 1 cm in diameter. On total body scanning, 36 out of 37 tumors in 27 rats scanned were demonstrated, with only a small one in liver poorly defined. Total body radioactivity was determiined every day. It was found that the radioactivity was reduced by about 50% a day and to 3.6% on the 7th day postinjection. The level of radioactivity in tumor was relatively high on 1st, 2nd and 5th days and the tumor/tissue radioactivity ratios in blood, spleen, liver, muscle and brain, determined 5 days after the injection, were 2.49, 5.33, 6.17, 15.16 and 46.6 respectively. By using indirect AFP immunoperoxidase staining and autoradiogra-phy of tissue section, it was found that the number of black grains in tumors was larger than in non-cancerous tissues, and there were more grains in areas with positive AFP immunoperoxidase staining in the tumor. The grains were seen around the membrance of tumor cell as well as inside them. The mechanism of localization of the radioactive antibody in tumor and of nontarget distribution of radioactivity were discussed with an immunopathological approach.