Effect of dexmedetomidine on cough reactions during recovery from general anesthesia in thyroid tumor surgery / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of dexmedetomidine on cough reactions and related indexes during recovery from general anesthesia in thyroid tumor surgery.Methods:A total of 90 patients with thyroid tumor who underwent general anesthesia for thyroid tumor surgery from July 2019 to July 2021 in the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu City, Henan Province were selected and divided into the observation group (45 cases) and the control group (45 cases) according to the random number table method. The observation group was given dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg intravenously at the beginning of the surgery, and the intravenous drip time should not be less than 10 min; the control group was given the same dose of normal saline intravenously. The recovery time and extubation time of the two groups were compared, and the incidence of cough reactions during the recovery from general anesthesia was compared. Changes of visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain at 6 h, 24 h and 48 h after surgery, and the changes of stress response indexes [cortisol (Cor), epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE)] and pain factors [prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and β-endorphin (β-EP)] before and 48 h after surgery were compared.Results:The recovery time and extubation time in the observation group [(15.62 ± 3.64), (18.27 ± 4.25) min] were faster than those in the control group [(23.12 ± 4.53), (25.65 ± 3.89) min, P < 0.001]. The incidence of cough reactions during recovery from general anesthesia in the observation group [8.89% (4/45)] was lower than that in the control group [28.89% (13/45), P = 0.015]. The VAS score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group at 6 h, 24 h and 48 h after surgery ( P < 0.001). The levels of serum Cor, E and NE at 48 h after surgery in both groups were higher than those before surgery ( P < 0.001); and the serum Cor, E, and NE levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at 48 h after surgery ( P < 0.001). The serum PGE2 and NPY levels of the two groups at 48 h after surgery were higher than those before surgery, while β-EP level was lower than that before surgery ( P < 0.001); the serum PGE2 and NPY levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at 48 h after surgery, while β-EP level was higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.001). Conclusion:Dexmedetomidine can reduce the cough reactions during recovery from general anesthesia in thyroid tumor surgery, significantly reduce pain, and has little effect on stress response and pain factors.

Prevalence of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in children in China: a systematic review and Meta-analysis / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the prevalence of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children in China and provide scientific basis for early prevention and treatment of ADHD in children.Methods A systematic literature retrieval was conducted by using CNKI,Wanfang data,CBM and VIP databases for the information about the prevalence of ADHD in children in China published from 1979 to 2017.Pubmed database was used to retrieve the literatures about ADHD prevalence in children in China published from 1946 to 2017.The quality of literature was evaluated based on the cross-sectional study criteria according to STROBE statement.Stata 12.0 was used for combined prevalence and subgroup analyses,including gender,regions,publication year,diagnostic criteria,sampling methods,and so on.Egger testing and the evaluation of funnel graph were used to evaluate the publication bias of these literatures,and sensitivity analysis was done by using different models and eliminating the influence of any one of these articles on combined effect value.Results Twenty articles were included.The total sample size was 88 755,including 46 216 boys and 42 539 girls.The prevalence of ADHD in children in China was 5.6％ (95％CI:5.0％-6.3％).The prevalence was 7.7％ (95％CI:6.7％-8.8％) in boys and 3.4％ (95％CI:3.0％-3.8％) in girls,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).No statistically significance difference in the ADHD prevalence was observed between different regions publication years,diagnostic criteria and sampling methods.Conclusions The prevalence of ADHD in children in China was high,and boys tended to have a higher prevalence compared with girls.Appropriate screening methods for early detection and intervention conduction of ADHD should be taken among children in China.

Prevalence of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in children in China: a systematic review and Meta-analysis / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the prevalence of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children in China and provide scientific basis for early prevention and treatment of ADHD in children.Methods A systematic literature retrieval was conducted by using CNKI,Wanfang data,CBM and VIP databases for the information about the prevalence of ADHD in children in China published from 1979 to 2017.Pubmed database was used to retrieve the literatures about ADHD prevalence in children in China published from 1946 to 2017.The quality of literature was evaluated based on the cross-sectional study criteria according to STROBE statement.Stata 12.0 was used for combined prevalence and subgroup analyses,including gender,regions,publication year,diagnostic criteria,sampling methods,and so on.Egger testing and the evaluation of funnel graph were used to evaluate the publication bias of these literatures,and sensitivity analysis was done by using different models and eliminating the influence of any one of these articles on combined effect value.Results Twenty articles were included.The total sample size was 88 755,including 46 216 boys and 42 539 girls.The prevalence of ADHD in children in China was 5.6％ (95％CI:5.0％-6.3％).The prevalence was 7.7％ (95％CI:6.7％-8.8％) in boys and 3.4％ (95％CI:3.0％-3.8％) in girls,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).No statistically significance difference in the ADHD prevalence was observed between different regions publication years,diagnostic criteria and sampling methods.Conclusions The prevalence of ADHD in children in China was high,and boys tended to have a higher prevalence compared with girls.Appropriate screening methods for early detection and intervention conduction of ADHD should be taken among children in China.

Rational use of antibacterials and drug sensitivity analysis in the repair of large lip defect with skin flap

In this study the wound status of skin flap repair patients were closely observed, there were sign of infection. The secretion were taken for bacterial culture and sensitivity analysis and given sensitive antibiotics to active treatment.

Patients received intravenous antibiotics 30 minutes before surgery to prevent infection. If postoperative infection occurred, according to susceptibility test results, patients were given sensitive antibiotics. Drug sensitivity analysis

showed that 85.71% of gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to cefoperazone/shubatan and imipenem and 72.72% of gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to cefoperazone/tazobactam, so these 3 antibiotics were the first choice for

treatment. And gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to teicoplanin and vancomycin. Therefore, scientific and rational use of antibiotics has great significance to effectively prevent postoperative infection and reduce the production of drugresistant bacteria. At the same time, L-extension deltopectoral flap was used to reconstruct a full-thickness labiomental defect concurrent infection. All the surgeries were successful without any necrosis. There are many kinds of pathogens for skin flap infection, and their sensitivity to antibiotics is not the same. Therefore, it is suggested that combination therapy should be carried out at the early stage, so as to ensure a good antibacterial effect

Nitroglycerin hypotensive effect and application in a combined surgery for reconstruction after ipsilateral maxillectomy and orbit evisceration

The oral and maxillofacial region is rich in blood, and it is often difficult to stop bleeding during the operation of maxilla. Nitroglycerin is one of the most commonly used antihypertensive drugs in our hospital. We observed the effect of controlled hypotension in patients with maxillary resection. In group N, the patients had different degrees of tachycardia after using nitroglycerin only. In addition, nitroglycerin has the characteristics of rapid drug resistance. A combined reversed temporal muscle flap and random forehead flap technique was performed successfully to reconstruct the large defect after ipsilateral maxillectomy and orbit evisceration. There were 43 cases used this method during 2014-2016 without large side effects

Bilobed platysma myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of mandibular region cutaneous defect

Reconstruction of large cutaneous defects is a challenging task for plastic surgeons. When the skin defect is only part of the complex defects after expansion resection of oral cancer and neck dissection should be done at the same time, it is a daunting task to obtain a cosmetic post-operative appearance. We designed bilobed platysma myocutaneous flaps to reconstruct the mandibular region cutaneous defects. And at the same time, the incessant of the bilobed flap can be a combined incision of platysma myocutaneous flap and neck dissection and can be used to expose fully the region of neck dissection and to supply a large enough platysma flap to reconstruct the mandibular skin defect. This design has several advantages and worth to be promoted

Decompression craniotomy for malignant cerebral venous thrombosis:a report of 9 cases / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of decompression craniotomy for the treatment of patients with malignant cerebral venous thrombosis. Methods The clinical characteristics,treatment process and follow - up results of 9 patients with malignant cerebral venous thrombosis treated with decom-pression craniotomy in Beijing Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University from February 2010 to August 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Results The preoperative Glasgow coma scale (GCS)score of 9 patients was < 9,7 survived and 2 died. The conditions of 6 patients (preoperative GCS 8 in 1 case, GCS 6 in 3cases,GCS 4 in 1case,and GCS3 in 1case)were improved in combination with other control intrac ranial pressure treatment after craniotomy decompression surgery. They recovered well (Glasgow outcome scale, GOS 4 -5). One patient (preoperative GCS 4)had severe disability (GOS 3)after procedure;1 (preoperative GCS 3)was in deep comatose state at the time of discharge and died of complications after 1 month;1 patient with bilateral mydriasis (GCS 5)was treated with craniotomy decompression,and his pupils did not return,he had circulatory failure,gave up the treatment,and died. All patients did not have the complications directly related to the surgery. Seven patients survived and continued to use warfarin anticoagulation therapy for at least 6 moths after discharge. The controlled international normalized ratio (INR)was 2 -3. They were followed up for 3 months to 5 years. The head MRI re-examination did not reveal the recurrence of venous sinus thrombosis. The modified Rankin scales (mRS)score was 0 to 2 in 6 cases after 3 months. The other one (preoperative GCS 4)had ipsilateral cerebral hemorrhage on surgical site at 4 months after discharge. He was improved after withdrawing anticoagulation and using conservative treatment for 20 d (mRS score 4). Conclusions For patients with malignant cerebral venous thrombosis,when the patients have acute cerebral hernia or hernia tendency,the emergency craniotomy decompression surgery may save lives and enable patients to achieve a better quality of life.

Gabapentin in treatment for pruritus and insomnia among patients with hemodialysis / 中华全科医师杂志

This paper aimed to study clinical effectiveness of gabapentin in the treatment for pruritus and insomnia among patients with hemodialysis. Eighty patients with severe pruritus and insomnia during regular hemedialysis in Jiaozhou People's Hospital, Jiangsu were randomly divided into two groups with 40 patients each. Gahapentin 0. 1 g were given each patient every night for 4 weeks in one group and a modified-re]ease capsule of 8 mg chiorphenamine maleate was given each patient daffy for 4 weeks in the other group. Effectiveness of treatment was evaluated by improvement of itching symptoms and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores for insomnia in the patients. Itching improvement was observed in 85%(34/40) of the patients and PSQI scores obviously lowered in them four weeks after gabapentin treatment.However, itching improvement was observed only in 42% ( 17/40 ) of the patients and little change was observed in PSQI scores in them four weeks after chlorphenamine treatment It suggests that gabapentin can significantly improve quality of sleeping and itching symptoms in patients with hemodialysis and it is worthy popularizing in those with it.

Assessment of Clinical Medicine Graduates' Capability——Case Study of Suzhou University / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The hardcore of clinical medicine program education is to insist on improving the students'practical capability.The efficient methodology is the key to it.In this paper,the authors investigate the practice of Suzhou University and try to find out the ways to assess the graduates in this program.Also,the authors point out the deficiency in the assessment and put forward mending measures in order to improve the quality of clinical medicine graduate program education.

Clinical study on preventive effect of fuzheng quxie granule on respiratory viral infection / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of Fuzheng Quxie granule (FQG) on immune cells and cytokines of populations susceptible to respiratory viral infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One thousand four hundred and two subjects selected from 25 hospitals in Shanghai between May and June in 2003, were divided into the FQG group treated with FQG and the control group treated with placebo. Serum levels of interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 4 (IL-4), gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN), blood lymphocyte subsets (CD3+ , CD4+, CD8+), B-cell count and natural killer cell (NK) percent ratio were measured in 130 of the FQG group and 120 of the control group before treatment, by the end of the 2nd week and two weeks after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By the end of the 2nd week of treatment, as compared with before treatment, the levels of IL-2, gamma-IFN, and NK percent in the FQG group increased significantly (P < 0.05), while IL-4 and CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and B-cell count were unchanged. Besides, levels of Th1/Th2 ratio markedly increased at the end of the 2nd week and two weeks after treatment, in comparing with that before treatment and in the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FQG could improve immune function of population susceptible to respiratory viral infection certain extent.</p>

Effects of fuzheng quxie granule on immune cells and cytokines in populations with respiratory viral infection / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of fuzheng quxie granule (FQG) on immune cells and cytokines in populations with respiratory viral infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-nine patients were randomly divided into 3 groups, that is, 19 patients treated with conventional western medicine (WM) plus FQG in the treated group, 19 patients treated with conventional western medicine alone in the WM group, and 21 patients treated with FQG alone in the TCM group. The levels of T lymphocyte subsets, interleukine-2,4,6,10 (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) and Th1/Th2 were determined before treatment, and at the end of 1st and 2nd week of treatment respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before treatment, levels of TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and INF-gamma in all patients were significantly higher than normal range (P < 0.05). After being treated for 1 week, the levels of serum TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly decreased in all groups (P < 0.05), serum IL-2 and INF-gamma decreased to the normal level in the WM group, but in the treated and the FQG group by the end of the 2nd week, the two indexes still remained at the rather higher level (P < 0.05). The ratio of Th1 and Th2 in the treated group and the FQG group increased significantly by the end of 2nd week, reached the level higher than that in the WM group and that before treatment (P < 0.05). No significant difference in, T lymphocytes subsets (CD3+ , CD4+ , CD8+) and percentage of B and NK cells before and after treatment was found in all the 3 groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FQG can positively regulate the immune function of patients with respiratory tract viral infection in certain degree.</p>

Study on Morphology of Blastocystis hominis in Culture and from Diarrhea Patients / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

Objective To study morphology of different stage Blastocystis haminis (B.h) for establishing a base in the research of life cycle and pathogenicity of B. h and providing information for clinical laboratory. Methods B. h from diar-rheal patients was continuously cultured in LES medium, and morphology of B.h was studied with iodine and iron hematoxylin staining under light microscope. Results The vacuolar, granular, amoeboid and cyst forms of B. h and transformation among the forms were observed microscopically. Conclusion Among different forms, the vacuolar and granular forms were often seen clinically and the vacuolar form can transform to cysts.

Cellular immune mechanism of anti-tumor efficacy of Shenqi injection in H22 tumor-bearing mice / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the relationship between in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of Shenqi injection and its effect on immunologic function in H22 tumor-bearing model mice,and explore the cellular immunologic mechanism of Shenqi injection in inhibiting tumor growth.Methods Three different doses of Shenqi injection were given to H22 tumor-bearing model mice in treatment groups.The tumor growth inhibitory rate(IR) and the index of phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophage were calculated.MTT assay was used to observe the effect of Shenqi injection on spleen lymphocytes stimulated by ConA in vitro separated from H22 tumor-bearing mice.Murine serum IL-2 and IFN-? were detected by means of ELISA assay.Results IR was significantly reduced in two treatment groups compared with that of the model mice(60.72%,48.65%,P