Correlation between serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels and thyroid function in patients with colorectal cancer / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To analyze the correlation between serum tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and thyroid function in patients with colorectal cancer.Methods:Colorectal cancer patients in the Affiliated Hospital of Dazhou Vocational and Technical College and Dazhou Central Hospital from June 2017 to June 2018 were selected as the colorectal cancer group, patients with benign colorectal diseases were selected as the benign group, and healthy people as the control group. The levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The thyroid function [free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxine (FT 4) and thyrotropin (TSH)] were determined by electrochemiluminescence assays. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 and thyroid function in patients with colorectal cancer. Results:There were 65 patients in the colorectal cancer group, aged (60.27 ± 4.35) years old, 36 males and 29 females; 32 patients in the benign group, aged (59.96 ± 4.27) years old, 18 males and 14 females; and control group had 40 persons, aged (60.32 ± 4.38) years old, 22 males and 18 females. The differences in serum TNF-α, IL-6, FT 3 and FT 4 level among the three groups were statistically significant ( P < 0.05), while the difference in serum TSH level was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). Compared with the control group [(24.25 ± 8.30), (24.29 ± 8.27) ng/L, (4.41 ± 0.23), (15.78 ± 0.26) pmol/L], serum TNF-α, IL-6 levels in the benign group and the colorectal cancer group [(28.49 ± 7.62), (30.21 ± 7.60), (74.28 ± 16.73), (95.37 ± 12.53) ng/L] all increased significantly ( P < 0.05), serum FT 3 and FT 4 levels [(3.58 ± 0.18), (12.35 ± 0.20), (2.27 ± 0.11), (9.86 ± 0.14) pmol/L] significantly decreased ( P < 0.05); compared with the benign group, the colorectal cancer group serum TNF-α, IL-6 levels increased significantly ( P < 0.05), and serum FT 3 and FT 4 levels decreased significantly ( P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in serum TNF-α, IL-6, FT 3 and FT 4 levels in patients at different TNM stages ( P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in TSH level ( P > 0.05). The higher the TNM stage, the gradual increase in serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels, and the gradual decrease in serum FT 3 and FT 4 levels ( P < 0.05). The levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 in patients with colorectal cancer were negatively correlated with FT 3 and FT 4 ( r = - 0.375, - 0.221, - 0.184, - 0.193, P < 0.05). Conclusion:With the increase of disease grade, the levels of FT 3 and FT 4 have decreased, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 have increased, and the levels of inflammatory factors are negatively correlated with the levels of FT 3 and FT 4.

Study on the pharmacokinetics of clozapine and its metabolites in human blood / 中国法医学杂志

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics and detection window of clozapine and its metabolites in human blood, so as to provide experimental basis for forensic cases of identification of clozapine poisoning. Methods 29 Taiyuan Han people's elbow venous blood was collected after given oral administration of 12.5mg clozapine at different time point, in which clozapine and its metabolites were extracted with solid phase extraction (SPE) and determined by HPLC-MS-MS. The qualitative analysis was based on retention time and MRM ions. The quantitative analysis was based on an internal standard method and calibration curve. Using the 3p97 pharmacokinetic software, pharmacokinetic equation of clozapine in the blood were imitated from the C-T data, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Results The pharmacokinetics of clozapine met a two compartment open model with a first kinetics absorption. The Tmax of clozapine(CLP), demethylclozapine(DMCLP), N-oxidation-clozapine(NO-CLP) respectively were 2.96±1.32h, 8.65±3.00h, 9.31±26.38h; The Cmax of CLP, DMCLP, NO-CLP respectively were 34.68±9.32ng/mL, 11.16±4.15ng/mL, 9.62±13.88ng/mL;The t1/2 of CLP, DMCLP, NO-CLP respectively were 17.02±23.63h, 27.06±12.58h, 41.27±29.75h; The detection window of CLP, DMCLP, NO-CLP respectively were 81.72±26.19h, 93.21±29.40h and 19.93±14.62h. Conclusion The pharmacokinetics of clozapine in blood of Han people is consistent with two compartment open model with a first kinetics absorption. The pharmacokinetics model and parameters of clozapine can provide expirimental basis for forensic identification of clozapine poisoning cases.

Glial scar formation and astrocyte role in spinal cord injury / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Glial scar and cavity formation fol owing spinal cord injury inhibits axonal entrance, so limited axonal regeneration, less secretion of neurotrophic factor and inhibitors in the microenvironment of axonal growth are considered as major impediments for impacting functional recovery of patients with spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE:To analyze literatures home and abroad related to the biological characters of astrocytes and glial scar hyperplasia after spinal cord injury, and to provide a theoretical basis for the mechanism underlying glial scar formation fol owing spinal cord injury. METHODS:PubMed and Wanfang databases were retrieved using the keywords“astrocytes, reactive astrogliosis, glial scar, spinal cord injury”in English and Chinese, respectively. Final y 62 literatures were selected for overview. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Currently, studies concerning the biological characters of astrocytes, reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation fol owing spinal cord injury have achieved some progresses. Studies mainly focus on the sole impediment for spinal cord injury, and treatment also aims at inhibiting single factor, but interactions among factors have not been confimed. In addition, the regulatary mechanisms of specific intracel ular and extracel ular signal molecule in the astrocytes, and effective control and interference of glial scar formation fol owing spinal cord injury stil need in-depth study.

Efficacy research of BuShen QiangJingTang on oligoasthenozoospermia / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To study the efficacy of BuShen QiangJingTang on oligoasthenozoospermia. Methods 100 patients with oligoasthenozoospermia were selected and divided into observation group (n=50) and control group (n=50) randomly, observation group were given BuShen QiangJingTang, while control group were given WuZi YanZong pills, then the efficacy was compared.Results Efficiency of observation group was 96%, which was obviously higher than control group (54%, P<0.05).Before treatment, semen parameters and symptom scores had no statistical significant differences; after treatment, semen volume, sperm survival rate, sperm density and sperm activity of observation group were significantly higher than control group, the scores of symptom (lumbar debility, fatigue weakness, nocturia) were significantly lower than control group(P<0.05).No adverse reactions were observed in two groups.Conclusion The efficacy of BuShen QiangJingTang applied to oligoasthenozoospermia is satisfying,and it can significantly improve sperm quality and activity.

CD200 attenuates methamphetamine-induced microglial activation and dopamine depletion / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study examined the neuroprotective effect of cluster of differentiation molecule 200 (CD200) against methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurotoxicity. In the in vitro experiment, neuron-microglia cultures were treated with METH (20 μmol/L), METH (20 μmol/L)+CD200-Fc (10 μg/mL) or CD200-Fc (10 μg/mL). Those untreated served as control. Microglia activation expressed as the ratio of MHC-II/CD11b was assessed by flow cytometry. The cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) secreted by activated microglia were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the in vivo experiment, 40 SD rats were divided into control, METH, METH+CD200-Fc and CD200-Fc groups at random. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with METH (15 mg/kg 8 times at 12 h interval) in METH group, with METH (administered as the same dose and time as the METH group) and CD200-Fc (1 mg/kg at day 0, 2, 4 after METH injection) in METH+CD200-Fc group, with CD200-Fc (1 mg/kg injected as the same time as the METH+CD200-Fc group) or with physiological saline solution in the control group. The level of striatal dopamine (DA) in rats was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The microglial cells were immunohistochemically detected for the expression of Iba-1, a marker for microglial activation. The results showed that METH could increase the microglia activation in the neuron-microglia cultures and elevate the secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α, which could be attenuated by CD200-Fc. Moreover, CD200-Fc could partially reverse the striatal DA depletion induced by METH and reduce the number of activated microglia, i.e. Iba-1-positive cells. It was concluded that CD200 may have neuroprotective effects against METH-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting microglial activation and reversing DA depletion in striatum.

CD200 attenuates methamphetamine-induced microglial activation and dopamine depletion / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study examined the neuroprotective effect of cluster of differentiation molecule 200 (CD200) against methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurotoxicity. In the in vitro experiment, neuron-microglia cultures were treated with METH (20 μmol/L), METH (20 μmol/L)+CD200-Fc (10 μg/mL) or CD200-Fc (10 μg/mL). Those untreated served as control. Microglia activation expressed as the ratio of MHC-II/CD11b was assessed by flow cytometry. The cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) secreted by activated microglia were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the in vivo experiment, 40 SD rats were divided into control, METH, METH+CD200-Fc and CD200-Fc groups at random. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with METH (15 mg/kg 8 times at 12 h interval) in METH group, with METH (administered as the same dose and time as the METH group) and CD200-Fc (1 mg/kg at day 0, 2, 4 after METH injection) in METH+CD200-Fc group, with CD200-Fc (1 mg/kg injected as the same time as the METH+CD200-Fc group) or with physiological saline solution in the control group. The level of striatal dopamine (DA) in rats was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The microglial cells were immunohistochemically detected for the expression of Iba-1, a marker for microglial activation. The results showed that METH could increase the microglia activation in the neuron-microglia cultures and elevate the secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α, which could be attenuated by CD200-Fc. Moreover, CD200-Fc could partially reverse the striatal DA depletion induced by METH and reduce the number of activated microglia, i.e. Iba-1-positive cells. It was concluded that CD200 may have neuroprotective effects against METH-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting microglial activation and reversing DA depletion in striatum.

Methamphetamine neurotoxicity and changes of nitration in rats striatum / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the neurotoxicity and the changes of nitration in the striatum of rats treated with methamphetamine(MA).Methods The rats were randomly divided into MA group and control group.The stereotyped behavior and body temperature of the rats were recorded.The differences of nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase(NOS)and nitroprotein were compared between the two groups.Results The score of stereotyped behavior and the body temperature of the rats in MA group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P ＜0.01);Compared with the control group, the content of NO and the activity of NOS of striatum in MA group were significantly increased(P ＜0.01), and nitration of protein was also upregulated(P ＜0.01).Conclusion The increases of NOS activity, NO level and nitroprotein may play an important role in MA-induced neurutoxity in rat striaturn.

Comparison of the outcomes of central venous catheters inserted from the left side and right side: a prospective randomized controlled study / 中华临床营养杂志

Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of central venous catheters inserted from the left side and right side during peripheral inserted central catheterizations (PICC). Methods Totally 458 adult patients undergoing PICC between May 2007 and May 2008 were enrolled in this study and divided randomly into right-sided group (n = 228)and left-slded group (n = 230). Chest X-ray was performed immediately after catheterization to identify the initial tip locations. Other parameters were evaluated during follow-up. Results The rate of difficult insertion was significantly lower in right-sided group than in left-sided group (14.9% vs 24. 8% , P =0.003). The rate of tip projection angle ＞40°was also significantly lower in right-sided group (2.2% vs 23.4% ,P = 0. 000). The rate of tips reaching the central veins was not significantly different between two groups (54.4%vs 53.0% , P = 0. 538). Compared with right-sided catheters, the tip positions in the left-sided group was significantly less frequently located in the inferior segment of superior vena cave in the central tip locations (6. 6% vs 21.0% , P =0. 001)and more commonly positioned in the nominate vein in non-central tip locations (66. 7% vs 48.1% , P = 0. 008). In addition, the catheter detaining time (P = 0. 617), incidence of local phlebitis after puncture (P = 0. 561), catheter obstruction rate (P = 0. 774), and catheter-related infection rate (P = 0. 854)showed no significant differences between two groups. The incidence of swollen limb was significantly lower inright-sided group than in left-sided group (4. 4% vs 8.3%, P = 0. 043). Conclusions Right-sided catheters provide better outcomes than left-sided catheters. PICC through the right elbow veins should be preferred in clinical practices.

Foreground of portable water quality instrument / 医疗卫生装备

Along with the development of society,people pays more attention to health.Since water resources is increasingly missing with depravation,the water quality analysis technique gets a value increasingly,which promotes the development of portable water quality instrument.This paper expounds the present situation and future prospects of portable water quality instrument,puts forward its application in army,aquiculture and enviroment,and enumerates the main technique parameters of several instruments both here and abroad.

N-Acetylcysteine attenuates methamphetamine induced neurotoxicity in rat striatum / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the effects of N-acetylcysteine(NAC) on methamphetamine(METH) induced neurotoxicity of striatum in rat model and its mechanism.Methods NAC was administrated(ip) 30 min prior to METH injection to produce toxic rat model.Dihydrodichlorofluorescein diacetate was used to detect the level of reactive oxygen species(ROS),high performance liquid chromatography for the concentration of Dopamine(DA),meanwhile,TUNEL method was used to observe the neuron apoptosis.Results Pretreatment with NAC could decrease the level of ROS in rat striatum,prevent the loss of DA and decrease the TUNEL-positive neurons.Conclusion NAC could attenuate methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity in rat striatum by blocking ROS production.