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Objective:To compare the effect of different methods of sputum aspiration in children with bronchopneumonia and explore the appropriate sputum aspiration methods for children with bronchopneumonia.Methods:This study was a randomized controlled trial. The convenience sampling method was used to select 165 children with bronchopneumonia treated in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 8, 2020 to September 30, 2021 as the research objects. They were divided into group A, group B and group C by random number table method, with 55 cases in each group. Group A used sputum aspirating tube to aspirate sputum through mouth and nose, group B used olive head to aspirate sputum through nose, and group C used both sputum aspirating tube to aspirate sputum through mouth and olive head through nose. The sputum aspirating effect, respiratory mucosal injury rate and satisfaction degree of children′s parents were compared among the three groups.Results:Finally, there were 53 cases in group A, 54 cases in group B and 53 cases in group C. The total effective rate of sputum aspiration was 96.21%(584/607) in group C, which was higher than that in group A 94.32% (581/616) and in group B 74.12% (464/626), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=194.62, P<0.01), pairwise comparison among the three groups showed statistical difference ( χ2=95.95, 11.32, 132.16, all P<0.017). The respiratory mucosal injury rate was 1.12% (7/626) in group B, which was lower than that in group C 3.13% (19/607) and in group A 10.39% (64/616), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=63.53, P<0.01), pairwise comparison among the three groups showed statistical difference ( χ2=49.52, 25.47, 6.04, all P<0.017). The satisfaction degree of children′s parents in group C was 98.11% (52/53), which was higher than that in group B 90.74% (49/54) and in group A 81.13% (43/53), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=8.54, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the satisfaction degree of children′s parents between group A and group B, and between group B and group C( P>0.017). There was statistically significant difference in the satisfaction degree of children′s parents between group A and group C ( χ2=8.22, P<0.017). Conclusions:The combination of oral suction tube and nasal suction with olive head can improve the sputum aspirating effect of children with bronchopneumonia and the satisfaction degree of their parents, with a low rate of respiratory mucosal injury and high safety, which is worthy of clinical reference.
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Objective:To investigate the status of removing iodized salt, water iodine, and iodine nutrition of children in water source high iodine areas in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, so as to provide basis for the implementation of prevention and control measures in high iodine areas according to local conditions.Methods:From 2012 to 2017, four administrative villages were selected from each of the high iodine townships in the water source high iodine areas (Qingxu County and Xiaodian District) in Taiyuan City, and 15 households in each administrative village were sampled for salt iodine detection by semi quantitative method. According to the "National Monitoring Program for Water Source High Iodine Areas (Trial)" (2012 edition), 1-2 high iodine villages were selected respectively in Qingxu County and Xiaodian District every year as monitoring sites, and grouped by water iodine of 150-300 μg/L and > 300 μg/L. If the monitoring site had been implemented the water improvement project, one tap water sample shall be collected. Whereas, if the monitoring site had not been implemented the water improvement project, two drinking water samples shall be collected from each household in the five directions of east, west, south, north and middle, and the water iodine shall be detected using the "Research on Methods for Water Iodine Testing in Iodine Deficiency and High Iodine Areas" recommended by the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Reference Laboratory of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. A total of 100 children aged 8-10 years old were selected from village primary schools or central primary schools in townships where the monitoring sites were located, and their thyroid volume was detected by B-ultrasound; urine samples were taken from more than 30 children and urinary iodine was detected by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.Results:From 2012 to 2017, the rate of non-iodized salt in Qingxu County ranged from 91.7% (165/180) to 96.1% (173/180); the rate of non-iodized salt in Xiaodian District were all 100.0% (120/120). A total of 52 water samples were tested, and the median water iodine was 282.3 μg/L, ranged from 121.1 to 546.3 μg/L. A total of 1 401 children's thyroid were examined, and the goiter rate was 7.5% (105/1 401). A total of 597 children's urine samples were tested, and the median urinary iodine was 458.1 μg/L, ranged from 21.0 to 1 778.7 μg/L. The median urinary iodine (327.1 μg/L) and goiter rate (4.9%, 34/697) of children in the 150-300 μg/L water iodine group were compared with those in the > 300 μg/L water iodine group (552.9 μg/L; 10.1%, 71/704), the differences were statistically significant ( Z = - 8.934, χ 2 = 13.698, P < 0.01). Conclusions:From 2012 to 2017, the median water iodine is 282.3 μg/L in water source high iodine areas in Taiyuan City, the status of removing iodized salt is good (the rate of non-iodized salt > 90%). However, children have excessive iodine (median urinary iodine ≥300 μg/L) and goiter rate (> 5%). It is suggested that the main measures should be taken to improve water quality and reduce iodine content in drinking water in water source high iodine areas, continuously monitor water iodine, and timely adjust the prevention and control measures according to the change of water iodine.
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Objective To observe the effect of S1PR2/3 on heart during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Methods Healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: control group, sham operation group, IR group, IR group treated with DMSO, IR group treated with Cym5541( agonist of S1P3), IR group treated with Cay10444 (antagonist of S1P3), IR group treated with Cay10444/Jte-013 (antagonist both S1P3 and S1P2). In vivo model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion was established. The hemodynamics, infarction area and mortality was recorded. Results Compared with IR, the S1PR3 antagonist group and S1PR2/3 antagonist group showed signiifcantly reduction of heart rate(HR) and increament left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP)(P<0.05). In addition, the infarction area was increased in the S1PR3 antagonist group and S1PR2/3 antagonist treated group (55.7%:28.8%, 51.6%:28.8%), respectively. Treatment with S1PR3 agonist reduced the infarct size compared with IR group(18.6%:28.8%). Blocking S1P2/3 receptors increased IR-induced mortality signiifcantly (53%:22%, P<0.05). Conclusion S1PR2/3 have a beneifcial effect on heart. S1PR2 and S1PR3 were involved in the IR-induced SCD.
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Objective To observe the effects of different anesthetic techniques on T-lymphocyte subsets in patients with cardia cancer. Methods Thirty-two patients undergoing elective radical operation for cardia cancer who had been average assigned into two groups by random digits table, group Ⅰ :general anesthesia;group Ⅱ :epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia (16 cases in each group).Peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets were measured before induction, after anesthesia, end of operation, 1d,3 d after operation. Results CD3,CD4,CD8 and CD4/CD8 all decreased in two groups after anesthesia,end of operation and 1 d after operation than before induction (P < 0.05). The index almost returned to the baseline values at 3 d after operation in group Ⅱ [ (60.75 ± 4.22 )%, (39.65 ± 3.64)%, (25.90 ± 1.17 )%,1.57 ±0.15](P >0.05),while in group Ⅰ still lower [(55.83 ±5.20)%, (35.15 ±5.65)%, (23.00 ±1.03 )%, 1.47 ± 0.35 ](P< 0.05 ). The two groups ontrast had significant deviation at 3 d after operation (P<0.05). Conclusion Epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia can reduce depression of Tlymphocyte subsets induced by surgical trauma and anesthesia.
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Objective To determine the effects of different anesthetic techniques on T-lymphocyte subsets in patients with esophageal carcinoma. Methods Forty patients were randomly assigned into general anesthesia group (group Ⅰ),or combined generae anesthesia with epidural anesthesia group(group Ⅱ). Peripheral blood CD3, CD4,CD8 were measured before induction ( T1 ), after anesthesia ( T2 ), end of operation ( T3 ), 1d ( T4 ), 3d ( T5 ) after surgery. Resolts CD3,CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8 decreased at T2 in the two groups. In group Ⅱ ,CD3,CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8 ratio almost returned to the baseline values at T4 ,while group Ⅰ did not. Conclusion Epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia can reduce depression of T-lymphocyte subsets induced by surgical trauma and anesthesia, and is the anesthetic tecnique of choice for cancer patients undergoing major operation.