Progress in subclinical research of kidney xenotransplantation / 器官移植

Xenotransplantation is an efficient pathway to solve the problem of transplant organ source deficiency in clinical settings. With the increasing progress of gene editing technique and immune suppression regimen, important development has been achieved on researches regarding pig to non-human primate kidney xenotransplantation, which provides a good condition for the introduction of the technique in the clinical application. In view of the substantial difference between human and non-human primate, and to meet the needs of current ethic requirements, it is necessary to perform subclinical studies for pig to human kidney xenotransplantation. In recent years, such subclinical studies with regard to the genetically modified pig to brain death recipient kidney xenotransplantation had been performed, indicating that kidney xenotransplantation gradually began to transit to the clinical development stage. However, donor/recipient selection and immune suppression regimen has not reached a consensus yet, and has to be clarified in subclinical studies. In this article, the current status and confronted problems of donor/recipient selection, immune suppression regimen and post transplantation management in the subclinical studies of kidney xenotransplantation were reviewed, aiming to promote the clinical transformation of kidney xenotransplantation to the clinical application.

A comparative study of automatic delineation of organs at risk for prostate cancer based on deep learning and atlas library / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To compare the effect of uPWS R15 software based on deep learning with MIM-Maestro 6.9 software based on atlas library to automatically delineate the organs at risk of prostate cancer in order to provide a reference for clinical application.Methods:The CT data of 90 prostate cancer patients admitted to the Department of Oncology Radiotherapy of the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from 2018 to 2022 were retrospectively selected. Based on the uPWS R15 software developed by Shanghai United Imaging Medical Technology Company and the MIM-Maestro 6.9 software developed by Beijing Mingwei Vision Medical Software Company, the effects of uPWS and MIM software on automatic delineation of organs at risk were evaluated according to five parameters, including delineation time (T), Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), Jaccard similarity coefficient (JSC), Hausdorff distance (HD) and the mean distance to agreement (MDA).Results:The sketching time of uPWS software was less than that of MIM software. There were no significant differences in the sketching effect of femoral head and skin between the two software (all P>0.05). The delineation of right kidney ( tMDA=-3.43, zDSC=-4.03, zJSC=-4.16, P<0.05), left kidney ( tMDA=-3.87, zDSC=-4.18, zJSC=-4.41, P<0.05), small intestine ( tMDA=-8.57, zDSC=-9.99, tJSC=14.21, P<0.05) and rectum ( zMDA=-4.00, tDSC=-9.98, tJSC= 9.72, P< 0.05) except HD, was statistically different. The bladder ( z=-7.88, -9.00, -8.17, -8.74, P<0.05) and spinalcord ( z=-3.87, -4.43, 4.03, 3.05, P<0.05) were also delineated with significant differences. The DSC automatically delineated by uPWS software was >0.7, while the DSC automatically delineated by MIM software was >0.7 for all other organs at risk except small intestine and rectum. In addition, the HD, MDA and JSC values of the organs at risk (bilateral femoral head, bilateral kidneys, spinal cord, bladder, skin, rectum and small intestine) automatically delineated by uPWS software were generally better than those with MIM software. Conclusions:The uPWS software outlines better than the MIM software, but the MIM software can also be used clinically with modifications to the small bowel and rectum, saving a great deal of time in preparation for radiation therapy.

Research progress on perioperative rehabilitation of kidney transplantation / 器官移植

Kidney transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage renal disease in clinical practice. Compared with patients receiving dialysis, kidney transplant recipients may achieve higher survival rate and quality of life, and better clinical outcomes. However, kidney transplant recipients constantly develop physiological and psychological disorders, such as frailty, decreased cardiopulmonary function and cognitive dysfunction, etc. In recent years, with the application of the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), rehabilitation therapy plays a pivotal role in optimizing preoperative baseline function, mitigating perioperative physiological and psychological stress and reducing the incidence of postoperative complications. In this article, the application of ERAS in kidney transplantation was reviewed, and research progress on pre-rehabilitation before kidney transplantation and acute-stage rehabilitation after kidney transplantation was summarized, aiming to provide reference for perioperative rehabilitation of kidney transplantation, enhance the quality of life of kidney transplant recipients and accelerate the development of kidney transplantation techniques.

Study on the predictive value of squamous cell carcinoma antigen, peripheral blood lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio before concurrent chemoradiotherapy for recurrence of cervical cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the correlations of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), peripheral blood lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) before concurrent chemoradiotherapy with recurrence of cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and to explore the predictive value of the three above indicators for recurrence.Methods:The data of 90 cervical cancer patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were divided into recurrence group and non-recurrence group according to whether they relapsed. The patients' basic information and the levels of SCC, LMR and PLR before concurrent chemoradiotherapy were recorded, and the median follow-up was 17 months (5-24 months). Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the recurrence of cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy, the obtained risk factors were used to construct a recurrence prediction model, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of different indicators for recurrence.Results:Among 90 patients, 26 patients (28.9%) relapsed and 64 patients (71.1%) did not relapse during follow-up. The proportions of patients with tumor maximum diameter ≥ 4 cm [57.7% (15/26) vs. 34.4% (22/64)], lymph node metastasis [53.8% (14/26) vs. 31.2% (20/64)], Karnofsky score 70-75 points [30.8% (8/26) vs. 21.9% (14/64)], Karnofsky score 76-80 points [42.3% (11/26) vs. 17.2% (11/64)], International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Ⅳ [42.3% (11/26) vs. 17.2% (11/64)] in the recurrence group were higher than those in the non-recurrence group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The SCC and PLR in the recurrence group before concurrent chemoradiotherapy were (4.26±0.53) ng/ml and 144.02±11.16, which were higher than those in the non-recurrence group [(2.91± 0.48) ng/ml and 125.18±12.32], and the LMR in the recurrence group before concurrent chemoradiotherapy was 3.93±0.61, which was lower than that in the non-recurrence group (4.68±0.55), and the differences in SCC, PLR and LMR between the two groups were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve of SCC, LMR and PLR before concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone for predicting the recurrence of cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy was 0.819 (95% CI 0.708-0.948), 0.763 (95% CI 0.677-0.860) and 0.735 (95% CI 0.590-0.916), and the best cut-off values were 2.13 ng/ml, 4.08 and 133.65. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the tumor maximum diameter ≥4 cm ( OR = 2.116, 95% CI 1.204-3.718), lymph node metastasis ( OR = 2.669, 95% CI 1.022-6.970), FIGO stage Ⅳ ( OR = 2.699, 95% CI 1.359-5.362) and SCC≥2.13 ng/ml ( OR = 4.256, 95% CI 1.194-15.170), LMR≤4.08 ( OR = 5.216, 95% CI 2.987-9.108) and PLR≥133.65 ( OR = 3.256, 95% CI 1.456-7.281) before concurrent chemoradiotherapy were the risk factors for recurrence of cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (all P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve of the recurrence prediction model constructed by the above risk factors for cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy was 0.857 (95% CI 0.744-0.987), the best cut-off value was 157.24, the sensitivity was 0.873, the specificity was 0.845, and the Youden index was 0.718. Conclusions:The recurrence of cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy is associated with many factors. The patients with higher SCC, higher PLR and lower LMR before concurrent radiotherapy have higher risk of recurrence. The combined detection of multiple indicators has high value for predicting recurrence.

Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of adjuvant mFOLFOX6 combined with bevacizumab regimen in the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases after radiofrequency ablation / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy and adverse reaction of the adjuvant modified FOLFOX6 (mFOLFOX6, oxaliplatin + leucovorin + 5-fluorouracil) combined with bevacizumab regimen after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in KRAS and BRAF V600E mutant postoperative colorectal cancer patients with inoperable resection of liver metastases. Methods:KRAS, BRAF V600E mutant colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) patients diagnosed by Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2016 to June 2020 were selec-ted as the research objects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into control group and study group, 40 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with mFOLFOX6 combined with bevacizumab for 6 cycles of 14 days. The patients in the study group were treated with mFOLFOX6 combined with bevacizumab after RFA treatment. One patient in the control group withdrew from the study due to grade 4 neutropenia and one patient due to grade 4 gastrointestinal reaction. In the study group, two patients withdrew from the study due to grade 4 neutropenia and one patient due to grade 4 liver function abnormalities. The short-term efficacy, median overall survival (OS), median progression-free survival (PFS), changes in serum tumor markers CEA and CA199 levels and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) in the study group were 54.05% (20/37) and 83.78% (31/37), respectively, which were higher than 28.95% (11/38) and 60.53% (23/38) in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=4.873, P=0.027; χ2=5.030, P=0.025). The median OS and median PFS in the study group were 23.5 months and 14.6 months, respectively, which were longer than 19.2 months and 10.5 months in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=7.863, P=0.015; χ2=7.016, P=0.019). Serum tumor markers CEA and CA199 in the study group after treatment were (4.6±1.1) ng/ml and (35.6±5.3) U/ml, respectively, which were lower than (9.5±1.5) ng/ml and (46.6±6.2) U/ml in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( t=8.532, P=0.016; t=7.561, P=0.023). The incidences of bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal reaction, infection, bleeding and fatigue in the study group were 56.76% (21/37), 75.68% (28/37), 5.41% (2/37), 8.11% (3/37), 51.35% (19/37), and 50.00% (19/38), 65.79% (25/38), 2.63% (1/38), 2.63% (1/38), 42.11% (16/38) in the control group, with no statistically significant differences ( χ2=0.344, P=0.558; χ2=0.884, P=0.347; χ2=0.001, P=0.981; χ2=0.293, P=0.588; χ2=0.644, P=0.422). The incidence of abnormal liver function in the study group was 35.14% (13/37), which was higher than 13.16% (5/38) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=4.964, P=0.026). Conclusion:The adjuvant mFOLFOX6 combined with bevacizumab after RFA is effective in KRAS, BRAF V600E mutant colorectal cancer patients with unresectable liver metas-tases after surgery, which can effectively prolong survival, and the adverse reactions are controllable and tolerable.

Effects of prolonged exposure time in traumatic environment on behavior differences and HPT axis in male and female rats / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of prolonged exposure time on the behavior and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyriod(HPT) axis in post-traumatic stress rats.Methods:Fifty female rats and fifty male rats were respectively divided into 5 groups according to the random number table( n=10 in each group): blank group, D1F group(exposed in trauma environment for 2 min, sampled immediately after exposure), D1Y group(exposed in trauma environment for 90 min, sampled immediately after exposure), D4F group(exposed in trauma environment for 2 min, sampled after trauma environment fear memory test on the fourth day), D4Y group(exposed in trauma environment for 90 min, sampling after fear memory test of trauma environment on the fourth day). The anxiety and fear behaviors of rats were measured by capture rejection test, and the serum levels of thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TRH), thyrotropin(TSH), free triiodothyronine(FT 3), and free tetraiodothyronine(FT 4) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(Elisa). Results:(1)The rejection degree of male D4Y group and male D4F group were lower than that of blank group((1.70±1.77)points, (0.80±1.23)points, (3.60±1.43)points, P<0.05). There was no difference between female D4F group and blank group( P>0.05), and the rejection degree of female D4F group was lower than that of blank group((0.90±1.29)points, (3.30±1.57)points, P<0.05). (2)The levels of FT 3 and FT 4 in male D4F group were higher than those in blank group( P<0.05). Compared with male D4F group, the levels of FT 3 in male D1F group, D1Y group and D4F group were lower( P< 0.05). Compared with male D4F group, the levels of FT 4 in male D1F and D1Y group were lower((12.19±0.97)pmol/L, (11.19±0.21)pmol/L, (11.24±0.73)pmol/L, P<0.05). Compared with female blank group, female D1F group and female D4Y group, TRH level of female D1Y group decreased( P<0.05). Conclusion:Prolonging the exposure time in the trauma environment can reduce the stress activity of HPT axis in male rats, and the anxiety and fear behavior tend to be more obvious, while for female rats, although the anxiety and fear behavior tend to be normal, the HPT axis should not be activated after trauma.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of non-fluent aphasia in stroke survivors / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating non-fluent aphasia after stroke.@*Methods@#Forty-five stroke survivors with non-fluent aphasia were randomly divided into a 0.5 Hz group, a 1 Hz group and a sham group, each of 15. In addition to routine linguistic training, the three groups were given rTMS over the inferior frontal gyrus of the right hemisphere at the corresponding frequency or sham stimulation. Before as well as 5 and 10 days after the treatment, all of the subjects were evaluated using the Chinese version of the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB). The occurrence of adverse events was also observed.@*Results@#Before treatment, no significant differences were observed in the groups′ average aphasia ratio, spontaneous speech, listening comprehension, retelling and naming using the WAB. After 5 and 10 days significant increases were observed in the average WAB scores of all three groups, but the listening comprehension of the 0.5 Hz group was significantly better than that of the sham group 10 days later, as was the spontaneous speech of the 1 Hz group.@*Conclusion@#rTMS at either 1 Hz or 0.5 Hz can improve the linguistic functioning of stroke survivors with non-fluent aphasia. Both 0.5 Hz and 1 Hz rTMS are safe, but the latter is more effective.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of non-fluent aphasia in stroke survivors / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation ( rTMS) for treating non-fluent aphasia after stroke. Methods Forty-five stroke survivors with non-fluent aphasia were randomly divided into a 0.5 Hz group, a 1 Hz group and a sham group, each of 15. In addition to routine lin-guistic training, the three groups were given rTMS over the inferior frontal gyrus of the right hemisphere at the corre-sponding frequency or sham stimulation. Before as well as 5 and 10 days after the treatment, all of the subjects were evaluated using the Chinese version of the Western Aphasia Battery ( WAB) . The occurrence of adverse events was al-so observed. Results Before treatment, no significant differences were observed in the groups' average aphasia rati-o, spontaneous speech, listening comprehension, retelling and naming using the WAB. After 5 and 10 days signifi-cant increases were observed in the average WAB scores of all three groups, but the listening comprehension of the 0.5 Hz group was significantly better than that of the sham group 10 days later, as was the spontaneous speech of the 1 Hz group. Conclusion rTMS at either 1 Hz or 0.5 Hz can improve the linguistic functioning of stroke survivors with non-fluent aphasia. Both 0.5 Hz and 1 Hz rTMS are safe, but the latter is more effective.

Reprogramming cell fates by small molecules

Reprogramming cell fates towards pluripotent stem cells and other cell types has revolutionized our understanding of cellular plasticity. During the last decade, transcription factors and microRNAs have become powerful reprogramming factors for modulating cell fates. Recently, many efforts are focused on reprogramming cell fates by non-viral and non-integrating chemical approaches. Small molecules not only are useful in generating desired cell types in vitro for various applications, such as disease modeling and cell-based transplantation, but also hold great promise to be further developed as drugs to stimulate patients' endogenous cells to repair and regenerate in vivo. Here we will focus on chemical approaches for generating induced pluripotent stem cells, neurons, cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes and pancreatic β cells. Significantly, the rapid and exciting advances in cellular reprogramming by small molecules will help us to achieve the long-term goal of curing devastating diseases, injuries, cancers and aging.

Sivelestat alleviates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice through inhibiting activation of Kupffer cells / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the role of neutrophil elastase inhibitor, sivelestat, in preventing and treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and its underling mechanisms.@*Methods@#A total of forty 4-week-old male C57BL/6J ApoE-/-mice were equally divided into the following four groups: standard chow (SC)+isotonic saline; SC+sivelestat; high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet+isotonic saline; and HFHC+sivelestat. These mice were treated with above methods for 12 weeks. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected to measure biochemical parameters, hepatic steatosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (inflammation) were evaluated by oil red O staining and HE staining, respectively. The mRNA and protein expression levels of hepatic inflammatory cytokines, CD68, and F4/80 were determined by quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Comparison of means between the four groups was made by one-way analysis of variance, and comparison between any two groups was made by the LSD or SNK method (for data with homogeneity of variance) or the Tamhane or Dunnett method (for data with heterogeneity of variance).@*Results@#Mice fed with an HFHC diet for 12 weeks developed typical pathological features of NASH compared with those fed with SC. Compared with mice fed with HFHC diet without sivelestat, those treated with HFHC and sivelestat exhibited the following features: (1) significantly reduced fast blood glucose, blood cholesterol, and hepatic biochemical parameters, as well as increased insulin sensitivity; (2) significantly reduced NAFLD activity score (5.71±1.11 vs 3.16±1.16, P < 0.05); (3) reduced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor -α; (4) significantly reduced mRNA levels of CD68 and F4/80; and (5) reduced expression of CD68 in the liver.@*Conclusion@#Sivelestat alleviates the hepatic steatosis and inflammation of NASH in mice by inhibiting the activation of Kupffer cells.

The effects of traditional Chinese emotion nursing combined with normal nursing on patients with coronary artery disease:a system review / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To detect the physical and psychological function of traditional Chinese emotional nursing versus normal nursing on coronary heart disease patients. Methods Searching the major clinical databases of Cochrane library, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database and VIP database to collect the relevant randomized controlled trial (RCT) about routine nursing combined with traditional Chinese medicine emotion care on coronary heart disease. After study selection, assessment and data extraction for RCT according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, Meta-analysis were performed by using the RevMan5.2 software. Results Fourteen relevant studies as much as 1 164 patients were included in the study. Compared with the normal therapy, the figures support that the Chinese medicine emotional care group had a better curative effect (Z=6.74, P<0.01, OR=0.21, 95%CI:0.15-0.26), and the score of Hamilton Depression Scale (Z=8.84, P<0.01, MD=6.64, 95%CI:5.11-8.18), Self-Rating Depression Scale (Z=4.79, P<0.01, MD=8.21, 95%CI:4.89-11.66), and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (Z=11.15, P < 0.01, MD=8.23, 95%CI:6.79-9.68) were all significantly decreased. Conclusions Compared to the conventional nursing combined with traditional Chinese emotional nursing and coronary heart diseaseroutine nursing care, the degree of depression and anxiety in patients is decreased significantly, and the total clinical efficacy is dramatically increased. However, the original study of quality constraints, muchmore high-quality, large sample of RCT is needed for further demonstration.

Relationship between factor-1α and epithelial mesenchymal transformation / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α) is a hypoxia response regulator,which is highly expressed in malignant tumors.Researches have shown that HIF-1α plays an important role in epithelial mesenchymal transformation.It can regulate epithelial mesenchymal transition through a series of signal pathways and mechanisms at many levels,to participate in the invasion and metastasis of tumors.To explore the mechanism of HIF-lα controlling epithelial mesenchymal transformation has important significance for the development of new,effective tumor treatment methods.

Development and evaluation of a high-fat/high-fructose diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis mouse model / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop and evaluate a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) induced by a high-fat and high-fructose (HFHFr) diet.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six-week-old C3H mice were randomly divided into groups for HFHFr diet experimental modeling, high fat-only (HF) diet controls, high fructose-only (HFr) diet controls, and standard chow (SC) diet controls. The standard HFHFr diet was modified so that it consisted of 76.5% standard chow, 12% lard, 1% cholesterol, 5% egg yolk powder, 5% whole milk powder, and 0.5% sodium cholate, along with 20% fructose drinking water. At the end of experimental weeks 4, 8, and 16, measurements were taken for the NASH-related parameters of body mass, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipid profile, and wet liver weight (upon sacrifice). In addition, histological changes in the liver were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and oil red O staining. The significance of differences between groups was assessed by statistical analysis, using the</p><p><b>METHODS</b>of t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, x2 test, F test or Fisher's test as appropriate.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As compared to the mice in the SC group at the corresponding time points, the mice in the HFHFr and HF groups showed significantly higher body mass and wet liver weight, as well as more extensive and robust lipid disposition in hepatic tissues as evidenced by oil red O staining. However, HE staining indicated that the HFHFr and HF groups had different degrees of macrosteatosis accompanied with intralobular inflammatory foci, with the former showing more remarkable NASH-related histological changes. Analysis at the end of week 16 showed that about 80% of the mice in the HFHFr group had developed NASH [nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS): less than 5]. The levels of low-and high-density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL) cholesterol, as well as the levels of ALT and AST, were increased from the end of week 4 to the end of week 8 for the HFHFr and HF groups. At the end of week 16, the two groups differed in the extent of increase in total cholesterol and LDL and HDL cholesterol, with only the HFHFr group showing statistically significant changes. Specifically, at the end of week 16, the HFHFr group showed ALT levels of 108.5 +/- 93.34 U/L (F=5.099, P =0.005 vs. HF group: 44.30 +/- 35.71 U/L, HFr group: 46.70 +/- 17.95 U/L, SC group: 24.70 +/- 6.57 U/L), AST levels of 316.30 +/- 208.98 U/L (F=6.654, P=0.001 vs. HF: 132.12 +/- 75.43 U/L, HFr: 143.30 +/- 38.53 U/L, SC: 122.60 +/- 12.76 U/L), total cholesterol levels of 5.18 +/- 0.58 mmol/L (F=72: 470, P =0.000 vs. HF: 3.94 +/- 0.75 mmol/L, HFr: 2.30 +/- 0.50 mmol/L, SC: 2.02 +/- 0.24 mmol/L), HDL cholesterol levels of 3.05 +/- 0.49 mmol/L (F=25.413, P =0.000 vs. HF: 2.65 +/- 0.54 mmol/L HFr: 1.77 +/- 0.47 mmol/L, SC: 1.58 +/- 0.16 mmol/L), LDL cholesterol levels of 1.11 +/- 0.23 mmol/L (F =83.297, P =0.000 vs. HF: 0.72 +/- 0.17 mmol/L, HFr: 0.27 +/- 0.04 mmol/L, SC: 0.20 +/- 0.05 mmol/ L).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The present study suggests that a mouse model of NASH can be successfully induced by a 16-week modified HFHFr diet.</p>

Research progress of p14ARF in cervical carcinoma and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia / 肿瘤研究与临床

Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies and is the only one which has certain pathogenesis in all malignancies currently.p14ARF is one of the tumor suppressor gene discovered recently and highly expressed in almost all cervical cancer.p14ARF has high specificity and sensitivity and it is related to invasion and prognosis of cervical cancer.Therefore,p14ARF is an ideal maker that can be used to early diagnose,screening precancerous lesions and predict prognosis in cervical cancer.

Effects of glucose metabolic disorder on adipose-derived cytokine and cognitive impairment in olanzapine-induced obese rats / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To observe the adipose-derived cytokine changes and aggravate cognitive impairment in olanzapine-induced obese rats caused by glucose metabolic disorder.Methods 20 rats fed with ordinary fodder were used as normal control group,olanzapine group of 20 rats fed with olanzapine(1.2 mg · kg-1) and ordinary fodder for 4 weeks.Successfully established experimental model rats induced by olanzapine after 4 weeks.Serum tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukins 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) contents were measured by Elisa.Serum glucose contents were determined by biochemical colorimetric method and blood lipid contents determined with automatic biochemical analyzer.Learning,memory capacity and escape latency were detected with Maze test.Results After administration 4 weeks,the levels of body weight,blood glucose and blood lipid in olanzapine group were higher than those in control group.The serum TNF-α((1.57±0.04) ng/ml),IL-6((127.47±11.38) pg/ml) and CRP ((2.68±0.06) mg/ml) in olanzapine group rised,compared with control group ((0.59±0.03) ng/ml,(96.58± 8.77) pg/ml and (1.86±0.04) mg/ml respectively),the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Electric shocks and escape latency in olanzapine group were higher than those in control group (P＜0.05).The FBS had positive correlation with hs-CRP,IL-6 and TNF-α respectively (r=0.385,0.260,1.280; all P＜0.05).Conclusion Olanzapine can induce metabolic disturbance of blood glucose,blood hpid,and the increase of serum TNF-α,IL-6 and CRP levels in rats.Positive correlation is showed between TNF-of and FBS.Hyperglycemia can promote cell toxicity and leads to cognitive dysfunction in rats.

Prognostic and survival analysis of primary liver cancer after hepatectomy / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To explore the factors related to the prognosis and survival duration of primary liver cancer patients after hepatectomy.Methods The data of primary liver cancer patientswho were treated by surgical resection were analyzed retrospectively.Kaplain-Meier method was used to evaluate survival rates.Log-rank test and Cox regression analysis were used to screen out related clinical phathology factors.Results The median survival time was eighteen months.Univarivate analysis showed that liver function Child-Pugh classification,cirrhosis,tumor size,HBV infection,AFP,portal vein tumor thrombus significantly correlated with survival rates (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that liver function Child-Pugh classification,tumor size,AFP and portal vein tumor thrombus were the independent prognostic factors of primary liver cancer (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Many factors are related to the prognosis of primary liver cancer after operation.Liver function Child-Pugh classification,tumor size,AFP and portal vein tumor thrombus affect prognostic independently.

Observation of the effect of high-dose three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy on recurrence and metastasis cervical cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To observe the effect of high-dose three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) on recurrence and metastasiscervical cancer.Methods Sixty-one recurrence or metastasis cervical cancer patients were divided into two groups.Group high-dose 3DCRT (high-dose group) received radiotherapy using 6 MV X ray 4-8 Gy per field,three times per week,with total dose of 35-50 Gy.The other group (other group) received radiotherapy using 6 MV X ray 2 Gy per field,5 times per week,with total dose 40-60 Gy.The short-term efficacy and complications between the two groups were compared.Results The tumor regression rates of the two groups were 76.7 ％ (23/30) and 67.7 ％ (21/31) (x2 =0.604,P ＞ 0.05),which had no significant difference.The 1-year survival rates [63.3 ％ (19/30),54.8 ％ (17/31)] (x2 =0.454,P ＞ 0.05)and the 2-year survival rates [26.7 ％ (8/30),29 ％ (9/31)] (x2 =0.042,P ＞ 0.05) had no significant difference either,but in high-dose group,the bone marrow inhibition rate [53.3 ％ (16/30)] was significantly lower than other group [77.4 ％ (24/31)] (x2 =3.91,P ＜ 0.05),the reaction of digestive tract [56.7 ％ (12/30)] was also significantly lower than other group [56.7 ％ (12/30)] (x2 =4.09,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with the other group,the high-dose 3DCRT has the same short-term efficacy but lower short-complications,and the quantity of life is better than the other group.

Formation mechanisms, regulating factors and clinical significance of vasculogenic mimicry / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) can promote tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. The formation of VM is regulated by various proteins including epithelial cell kinase, phosphoinositide-3 kinase, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Local microenvironment also plays an important role in regulating VM formation.

The expression and significance of urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its receptor in squamous cell carcinoma of hypopharynx / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) in squamous cell carcinoma of hypopharynx and reveal the correlation of the major clinicopathological parameters and prognosis.@*METHOD@#Samples of 48 hypopharyngeal carcinoma and 10 normal hypopharyngeal tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry method (SP method) for urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR). The correlation between the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its receptor and the major clinicopathological parameters of hypopharyngeal carcinoma were analyzed by rank sum test and Spearman correlation analysis. Overall survival were analyzed according to Kaplan-Meier and log-rank statistics, the prognostic relevance of uPA and uPAR and conventional prognostic factors were analyzed by Cox analysis.@*RESULT@#In 48 hypopharyngeal carcinoma specimens, positive expression rates of uPA and uPAR were 77.1% and 68.75% respectively, which were significantly higher than in normal tissues (P < 0.01). The uPA and uPAR positive expression was correlated with pathological grading, lymph node metastases and growth mode of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. The positive expression rate for uPA and uPAR in patients with lower pathological grading, lymph node metastases and invasion growth mode were significantly higher than in patients with higher pathological grading, non-lymph node metastases and non-invasion growth mode. Patients were followed-up postoperatively. The positive expression of uPA and uPAR were correlated with prognosis (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). According to Log-rank statistics, patients with positive expression of uPA and uPAR had a significantly shorter survival time than those with negative expression of uPA and uPAR. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that three independent prognostic factors for overall survival time were clinical stage, invasion growth mode and uPAR expression.@*CONCLUSION@#The positive expression of uPA and uPAR in hypopharyngeal carcinoma were significantly higher than in normal tissues. uPAR is a new independent and strong biologically prognostic factors, which positive expression may be a powerful aid in evaluating metastatic potential and High-Risk patients in early stage of hypopharynx carcinoma ryngeal carcinoma.