Clinical characteristics and prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with sex chromosomal aneuploidies detected by non-invasive prenatal testing during early and midterm pregnancies / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the indication, karyotyping result, ultrasound finding, pregnancy decision and follow-up of fetuses with sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCA) detected by non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) during early and midterm pregnancies.@*METHODS@#The results of 225 singleton pregnancies with fetal SCA detected by NIPT were reviewed and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The 225 cases included 45,X (n=37), 47,XXY (n=74), 47,XXX (n=50), 47,XYY (n=56) and mosaicisms (n=8), among which 121 (53.8%) have opted to terminate the pregnancy, including 45,X (n=31), 47,XXY (n=61), 47,XXX (n=14), 47,XYY (n=12) and 3 mosaicisms. The remainder 104 (46.2%) have elected to continue with the pregnancy, among which three have opted to terminate due to abnormalities detected by ultrasonography, and two had spontaneous abortions.@*CONCLUSION@#NIPT as a first-tier screening method can effectively detect fetal trisomies 21, 13 and 18 as well as SCA. The types of fetal SCA and presence of ultrasound abnormalities are critical factors for the termination of pregnancy.

Analysis of the effect of mesial implant position on surrounding bone stress of mandibular edentulous jaw under dynamic loads / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the effect of different placement of mesial implants in edentulous jaws on the stress of the implant and the surrounding bone tissue by three-dimensional (3D)finite element analysis.@*Methods@#Cone-beam CT data of mandibular edentulous patients was transferred into Mimics 17.0 and UG NX8.5 software, and three groups of 3D solid model were established: two mesial implants were implanted in the anterior region of the mandible (bilateral central incisor, lateral incisor, canine), and two distal oblique implant with 30° were implanted in the mandibular second premolar area(5 mm near the mental foramen). Set mandible 3D model with 4 implant by using UG NX8.5 software, produced 3 groups (mandible Ⅰ-Ⅲ). We took dynamic loading on models with help of software Abaqus 6.12, working side posterior teeth loading was set to 150 N and the simulation cycle was 0.875 s. The first stage: 0.000 s to 0.130 s, the lower jaw moves outward (moving toward the side of the work), with no contact between the upper and lower teeth; the second stage: 0.130 s to 0.150 s, mandibular upward, the same tooth tip of the working side were relative, the loading position were the posterior buccal tip, tongue tip; the third stage: 0.150 s to 0.260 s, the buccal slopes of buccal tips of mandibular posterior teeth glide along the lingual slopes of buccal tips of maxillary posterior teeth, the loading force was from the buccal side to the lingual side, the long axis of the tooth was 45°, loaded on the buccal slopes of buccal tips of posterior teeth; the fourth stage: 0.260 s to 0.300 s, the lingual slopes of buccal tips of mandibular posterior teeth glide along the buccal slopes of the tongue tips of maxillary posterior teeth, separate from the tip of the tooth at half the length, the loading force was from the lingual side to the buccal side, the long axis of the tooth was 45°, loaded on the lingual slopes of buccal tips of posterior teeth; the fifth stage: 0.300 s to 0.875 s, at the unloading stage, mandibular posterior teeth were separated from the maxillary teeth and returned to the intercuspal position. The loading position varied according to the mastication cycle. The stress distribution of implant and surrounding bone tissue at different stages of each model were observed.@*Results@#From the early stage to chew occlusal contact to the end of the mastication cycle, three groups of models were displayed: the stress of distal implants was greater than that of mesial implants and the neck stress reached the maximum and gradually decreased to the root tip. The stress of distal implant bone was greater than that of mesial implant bone and the stress of distal bone of distal implant was greater than that of mesial bone of distal implant. All the stress peak showed a gradual increase, and the stress reach the maximum at the fourth stage. In the 3 models, the bone stress around the distal implant of model of the anterior implant located in the lateral incisor region was the lowest. The peak stress of cortical bone of the distal position of implant was 58.7 MPa. The bone stress around the distal implant of model of the anterior implant located in the canine region reached the maximum, and the peak stress of cortical bone of the distal position of implant was 135.6 MPa.@*Conclusions@#When mesial implants of edentulous jaws located in the lateral incisor region, it is good for stress dispersion.

Protective effect of chlorogenic acid on beta-amyloid protein 25-35-induced PC12 cell apoptosis / 实用医学杂志

Objective To study the protective effect of chlorogenic acid(CGA)on the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced byβ-amyloid protein23-35(Aβ25-35)and its mechanism. Methods The cells model of death was estab-lished by Aβ25-35 (20 μmol/L)-induced PC12 cells. The cells were interfered with 5 different concentrations of CGA. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cells viability to determine the 3 concentrations of CGA in future experi-ments. The cells were divided randomly into control group ,model group and interference groups with 3 different concentrations of CGA. Cells apoptosis rates were detected by flow cytometry;colorimetry method was used to detect MDA,SOD and GSH-Px. The mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)was detected by fluorescent staining and the expression of caspase-3 by western blot. Results Compared with model group,the cells viability of CGA groups were increased but the apoptosis rates were reduced;the activity of SOD and GSH-Px were increased but the level of MDA,MMP and caspase-3 were decreased(P<0.05). Conclusions CGA has a protective effect on Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cells apoptosis and it may be related to the improvement of cellular antioxidation capacity and mitochondrial damage.

Prenatal diagnosis of unbalanced reciprocal translocations at the second trimester / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the distribution of prenatal indications , clinical features and pregnant outcomes of chromosomal unbalanced reciprocal translocations atthe second trimester. Methods The data on 35 fetuses with unbalanced reciprocal translocations between May 2011 and March 2016 were retrospectively analyzed and reviewed. Results Of 35 fetuses with unbalanced translocations , 29 (82.86%) showed ultrasound abnormalities,and 6 (17.14%) had no significant clinical features. 8 were de novo, and the other 27 were parental inherited. All the 35 women had to terminate the pregnancy. Conclusions Ultrasound abnormalities are associated with chromosomal unbalanced reciprocal translocations at the second trimester , and most unbalanced translocations fetuses origin from parental carrier of balanced translocations.

Analysis of balanced translocation at amniocentesis on prenatal diagnosis / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the prenatal indications and pregnant outcome of balanced transloca-tion at amniocentesis, so as to provide scientific guidelines of prenatal diagnosis for local pregnant women. Methods Retrospective review was made on 76 cases of balanced translocation at amniocentesis from 2011 to 2015 at our hospital. Results In 76 cases, 38 cases were aged pregnancy prenatally, 20 cases carriers, 9 cas-es abnormal serum screening , 5 cases with previous abnormal births , 2 cases with abnormal ultrasound findings and 2 cases with other problems. Conclusion Balanced translocation concomitant aneuploidy , de novo X-auto-some translocation or de novo complex chromosome rearrangements can cause fetal abnormalities on prenatal di-agnosis. The results of ultrasound, FISH and array-CGH could provide for de novo simple translocation at amnio-centesis.

Neuroprotective activities of isorhynchophylline on Alzheimer′s disease and other central nervous systems / 医学研究生学报

Isorhynchophylline ( IRN) is an alkaloid isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla .IRN mainly acts on cardiovascular and central nervous systems diseases including hypertension , brachycardia and sedation .In recent years , it has been found that IRN has widespread pharmacological effects in central nervous disease .This review aim at reviewing neuroprotective activities of Isorhynchophyl-line on Alzheimer′s disease and other central nervous systems diseases via improving learning and memory impairments , inhibiting Tau protein hyperphosphorylation , antagonizing β-Amyloid-iInduced neurotoxicity , and reducing glia-secretory inflammatory factors .

Application of Problem-based Learning in Prosthodontics Teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The application of Problem-based Learning(PBL) in prosthodontics accommodates the request of teaching reformation and also elevates the quality of students and teachers.PBL is a fine teaching method and deserves popularization.