Mechanism research on network pharmacology of Achyranthis bidentatae radix intreating knee osteoarthritis / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To investigate the active ingredients and mechanisms of Achyranthis bidentatae radix in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) .Methods:To detect theingredients in Achyranthis bidentatae radix from TCMSP and screen its active components so as to abtain the potential targets of those active components. By searching from the TCMSP, to explore the targets of KOA. Then, by integrating the chemical compound and disease targets to construct its network and to analize the gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. Result:There are 23 active compounds in Achyranthis Bidentatae radix, corresponding to 136 targets of KOA. By GO enrichment analysis, there are 1 592 GO terms related to biological process. By KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, there are 19 KEGG pathways, including IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, Apoptosis, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusions:The Achyranthis bidentatae radix could treat KOA by reducing inflammatory damage by regulating immune inflammatory response in the knee joint, and inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis to protect cartilage.

Comparison between direct anterior approach and posterolateral approach in hip arthroplasty for elderly patients with femoral neck fractures / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To compare the efficacy of direct anterior approach ( DAA ) and posterolateral approach (PA) in hip arthroplasty for elderly patients with femoral neck fractures. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 67 elderly patients with femoral neck fractures admitted to Second People's Hospital of Changzhou City, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from July 2015 to December 2017. There were 25 males and 42 females, aged 60-90 years [(76. 1 ± 7. 6)years]. There were 31 patients with right femoral neck fracture and 36 with left femoral neck fracture, all of whom underwent operations within 72 hours after injury. There were 18 patients with type III and 49 with type IV according to Garden typing. All patients were treated with total hip arthroplasty. Direct anterior approach ( DAA) was performed in 36 patients ( DAA group) and posterior approach ( PA) was performed in 31 patients ( PA group) . The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, recessive blood loss, total blood loss, the time when the patients got out of bed, and hospitalization time were compared between the two groups. Visual analogue scale ( VAS) and Harris score were used to evaluate hip joint function one month after operation. The complications of the two groups were recorded. Results All patients were followed up for 3-6 weeks, with an average of one month. The operation time of DAA group was longer than that of PA group [(75. 0 ± 10. 5)minutes vs. (54.0±11.4)minutes] (P<0.01). The DAA group had less intraoperative blood loss [(174.3 ± 60.1)ml vs. (254.8±79.9)ml] (P<0.05), total blood loss [(745.7 ±238.8)ml vs. (977.9 ± 301. 9)ml] (P<0. 05), recessive blood loss [(315. 4 ± 196. 7)ml vs. (457. 7 ± 286. 2)ml] (P<0. 05) than the PA group. There was no significant difference in the postoperative drainage between DAA groupandPAgroup[(246.1 ±110.1)ml vs. (265.3±164.2)ml] (P >0.05). DAA group had shorter durations in terms of the time when patients got out of bed [(23. 7 ± 18. 1)hours vs. (35. 1 ± 22. 5)hours] (P<0. 01) and hospitalization time [(9. 2 ± 1. 5)days vs. (12. 3 ± 2. 0)days] than the PA group (P <0. 05). The VAS scores of the DAA group and PA group at 1 month after surgery [(3. 0 ± 1. 9)points vs. (3. 3 ± 1. 9) points] and the Harris score [(87. 9 ± 6. 5) points vs. (87. 0 ± 6. 1)points ] were not significantly different (P>0. 05). Intraoperative and postoperative complications included femoral periprosthetic fracture in three patients, lateral femoral nerve injury in two patients and severe anemia requiring blood transfusion in two patients in DAA group. In the PA group, there was one patient with deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity at one month after operation, two patients with posterior dislocation of the hip, four patients with periprosthetic fracture and four patients with severe anemia requiring blood transfusion (P>0. 05). Conclusion For femoral neck fracture in the elderly, compared with PA hip arthroplasty, DAA hip arthroplasty has less bleeding, earlier time to get out of bed and shorter hospital stay, with satisfactory short-term results.

Treatment of underactive bladder with clean intermittent self-catheterization / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome and the problems of patients who have performed the clean intermittent self-catheterization(CISC)through detailed telephone interviews and then develop corresponding measures to solve.Methods In this study,telephone interviews were carried out in 27 patients who were diagnosed as detrusor underactivity from January 2011 to September 2015,and received CISC as treatment.They were asked to finish the micturition diary and answer questions from 4 questionnaires of which the first one was IPSS and the other 3 parts were ICDQ,InCaSaQ,and SF-36. Results 27 patients completed the follow-up interview,and the median time of CISC is 1 8 months.The average frequency of voiding by catheterization was 3.7 times a day.After the intervention of CISC,the symptoms of voiding difficulty and chronic urinary retention in all the 27 patients were relieved.11.1% of the 27 patients experienced urinary tract infection.The average ICDQ score was 0.4 and 88.9% of them were satisfied with the current states and what they experienced after performing CISC.The average InCaSaQ score was 2.15.The average physical and mental score from SF-36 questionnaire was 76.9 and 79.2 respectively.Conclusions CISC is an easy-to-do operation that relieves retention effectively and protects upper urinary tract function.The incidence of complications is quite low and the influence on quality of life is moderate,making it easy to persist in the long term of bladder management.

In vitro cultivation, identification and osteoinduction of adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have the potential of self-proliferation and multi-directional differentiation, while mesenchymal stem cells are few in adult bone marrow. In vitro purification, amplification and osteoinduction are very important for the research of bone tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE:To establish a simple and reliable in vitro cultivation and identification system of adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and to induce the mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts. METHODS:Bone marrow were extracted from adult anterior superior iliac, the density gradient centrifugation and adhesion method were used to isolate, purify, culture and amplify the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Osteogenic medium was prepared by mixing appropriate amount of dexamethasone,β-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid C. The cells were divided into osteoinduction group and blank control group for observation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were in typical long spindle-shape. The cells grew into rapid proliferation phase at 8-11 days and the growth curve was S-shape. CD44 and CD90 were in positive expression, while CD34 and CD45 were negative. The alkaline phosphatase activity was increased with culturing time prolonging, and reached the summit at the 12th day. The alkaline phosphatase activities of osteoinduction group were higher than those in the blank control group at different time points. These results suggested that in vitro cultivation, identification and osteoinduction system could obtain mesenchymal stem cells with high purity and good osteogenic differentiation capacity.

Cultivation and morphology of nanobacteria in sera of patients with kidney calculi / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To detect,culture,and characterize the nanobacteria(NB) from sera of patients with kidney calculi in our department.Methods:Blood samples of 24 patients with kidney calculi and of 3 healthy volunteers in our department were collected for NB culture in this study.We used immunohistochemistry,von kossa staining,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM) to investigate the appearance and components of cultural NB.Results:Twenty-two blood samples out of 24(91.67%) showed growth of NB,while no NB were detected in volunteers' blood samples.The infection rate of stone group was obviously higher than that of healthy volunteers.After a 4-week culture period,the light microscope revealed coccoid-shaped NB with a diameter of 100-500 nm,which could be identified by immunohistochemistry and von kossa staining.SEM and TEM(negative staining) revealed NB with a hollow interior coated in needle-like apatite crystals.Such nanopaticles could bud-off new ones and therefore appeared like living organisms.Conclusion:NB can be identified from sera of most patients involved in kidney calculi.It may have intimate relation to the formation of kidney calculi because the infection rate of NB blood samples of stone patients was significantly higher than that of healthy volunteers.Immunohistochemistry,von kossa staining,SEM and TEM are special methods for identifying NB from different aspects.The appearance and character are important points to distinguish NB from other nano-sized particles.