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Objective To evaluate the effect of the self-made Zishen decoction combined with conventional western medicine therapy and health education on the patients with early diabetic nephropathy. Methods The 112 patients with DN were randomly assigned to 2 groups (each group 56 patients) at a ratio of 1:1. The control group was treated with control of glucose, blood pressure, lipid, and diet therapy, and the treatment group was with self-made prescription of invigorating the kidney and health education based on the control group treatment. All patients were treated for 6 months. The SF-36 scale was used to assess the quality of life, and the clinical effect was determined based on the blood biochemical indexes. Results Total clinical effect of the treatment group was 85.7%(48/56), and the control group was 67.9%(38/56) (χ2=4.057, P=0.044). Compared with the control group after treatment for 6 months, the physical condition (72.17 ± 13.41 vs. 64.59 ± 11.83, t=3.172), social function (64.58 ± 14.54 vs. 58.94 ± 14.62, t=2.047), physical role function (55.82 ± 10.11 vs. 47.46 ± 10.18, t=4.360), emotional role function (60.43 ± 10.20 vs. 56.04 ± 11.44, t=2.143), energy (69.86 ± 11.43 vs. 62.47 ± 11.12, t=3.468), general health status (68.57 ± 11.25 vs. 62.45 ± 11.78, t=2.812) of the treatment group were significantly improved (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion The self-made Zishen decoction and health education combined with conventional western medicine can improve the clinical effect and quality of life of patients with DN.
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Objective To investigate the gene mutations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐1 drug resistance among anti‐retrovirus (ARV ) treated‐naive men who have sex with men (MSM ) in Shanghai to provide evidence‐based data for optimized treatment .Methods All 669 treatment‐nave cases of HIV‐1 infection identified among MSM in 2013 were recruited and their plasma was collected .RNA was extracted and amplified by nest reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction ,and DNA was sequenced and then phylogenetically analyzed .Finally ,subtypes were identified and drug resistance was analyzed in comparison with International HIV Drug Resistance Database .Results The pol gene fragments of 645 cases were obtained .Primary drug‐resistance rate was 2 .48% (16/645) ,including mutations conferring resistance to protease inhibitor (PI) (0 .31% ,2/645) ,nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) (0 .16% ,1/645) ,non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) (1 .70% ,11/645) and both NRTI and NNRTI (0 .31% ,2/645) ,respectively .Mutations conferring resistance to CRF01_AE were 12 cases (2 .99% ) ,while mutations conferring resistance to CRF07_BC and CRF_01B were 0 .61%(1/163) and 4 .65% (2/43 ) including 1 case of CRF52_01B and unidentified CRF_01B , respectively . Resistance to NNRTI in B subtype were 2 .70% (1/37) .Conclusion The prevalence of HIV‐1 drug resistance‐associated mutations among MSM in Shanghai ,2013 is still low ,but resistance to NNRTI is relatively high .CRF01_AE is the major subtype of drug resistance .It is necessary to strengthen the HIV drug resistance surveillance in MSM group in Shanghai .
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic effect ofZishen decoction combined with standard treatment of western medicine for for stage IV diabetic nephropathy with Qi and Yin deficiency.MethodsA total of 112 patients with stage IV diabetic nephropathy and Qi and Yin deficiency were randomized to thestandard treatment and the combined treatment groups, 56 in each. The standard treatment group received conventional treatment, including blood glucose controlling, antihypertensive, blood lipid regulating and diet controlling. The combined treatment group receivedZishen decoction on the basis of conventional treatment. All the patients were treated for 3 months. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), total cholesterol (TG), triacylglycerol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured by an automatic chemistry analyzer. The urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsCompared with the standard treatment group, the SCr (53.51 ± 18.12μmol/Lvs. 62.66 ± 21.14μmol/L;t=2.459,P<0.05), UAER(100.73±84.24μg/minvs. 156.24 ± 96.38μg/min;t=3.245,P<0.05), TG(1.73±0.22 mmol/Lvs. 2.06 ± 0.21 mmol/L;t=8.112,P<0.01), TC(4.56 ± 0.62 mmol/Lvs. 5.10 ±0.31 mmol/L;t=5.830, P<0.01), LDL-C (2.42 ± 1.05 mmol/Lvs. 3.31 ± 0.81 mmol/L;t=5.022,P<0.01) in the combined treatment group decreased significantly, and the HDL-C (1.67 ± 0.33 mmol/Lvs. 1.36 ± 0.41 mmol/L;t=4.460,P<0.01) increased significantly. ConclusionZishen decoction on the basis of conventional treatment can improve the SCr and UAER, and regulate the blood lipid in the patients with stage IV diabetic nephropathy and Qi-Yin deficiency.
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Objective To investigate the pollution of phthalate ester in indoor environment. Methods Settled dust samples from 10 households, 10 offices and 10 student dormitories in Beijing were collected. Seven kinds of phthalate esters in these samples were determined with solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography (SPE-HPLC) .Dates were analyzed statistically by nonparametric tests. Results The main phthalate esters in dust were di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP). Of phthalate esters, DEHP with the range of 28-6 073 mg/kg had the highest concentration in indoor dust. The total level of phthalate esters in households was the highest, offices followed, student dormitories was the last. The Kurskal-Wallis H test showed that the concentrations of BBP, DEHP and DCHP in dust were significantly different in 3 types of rooms (P