Analysis of 197 cases of pentoxifylline injection and exploring supervision mode of rational drug use in hospitals / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To analyze and evaluate the use of pentoxifylline injection in a hospital, and explore effective supervision mode, so as to provide some reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS: A total of 197 inpatients with pentoxifylline injection who were discharged from October 2021 to June 2022 were randomly selected from HIS system. Referring to drug-label and collecting evidence-based medical evidence to judge the rationality of use of pentoxifylline injection in the hospital. RESULTS: Among the 197 medical records extracted, 140 medical records were unreasonable, accounting for 71.07% of the total medical records. Among them, 111 cases (79.29%) were no indication for use, 13 cases (9.29%) were off-label, 2 cases (1.43%) were inappropriate for indications, 13 cases (9.29%) were inappropriate for usage and dosage, and 1 case (0.71%) was inappropriate for solvent. CONCLUSION: The irrational use of pentoxifylline injection in this hospital is serious. It is necessary to standardize its clinical application through the intervention of smart pharmacy management mode, improving system, strengthening medication education and other ways.

Baicalin Induces Ferroptosis in Gastric Cancer Cells via p53-mediated SLC7A11 Down-regulation / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the inhibitory effect of different concentration of baicalin （0， 100， 200， 400 μmol·L-1） on the proliferation of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells and the underlying mechanism. MethodSGC-7901 cells were treated with baicalin. Then methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） assay was employed to examine the inhibitory effect of baicalin on the cells. At the same time， ferrostatin-1 （Fer-1） was added to observe the viability of cells after baicalin treatment. The expression of ferroptosis-related genes was detected by Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot. The content of malondialdehyde （MDA） and the level of glutathione （GSH） were detected respectively by MTT assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The role of tumor protein 53 （p53）/solute carrier family 7 member 11 （SLC7A11） pathway in the regulation of ferroptosis was investigated respectively via overexpression and small interfering RNA （siRNA） methods. ResultCompared with the blank group， baicalin decreased the viability of SGC-7901 （P<0.05， P<0.01） in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The intervention of Fer-1 significantly alleviated the decrease of SGC-7901 cell viability caused by baicalin （P<0.01）. In addition， compared with the baicalin group， Fer-1+baicalin group showed decrease in MDA content and the mRNA and protein levels of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 （PTGS2） in the cells （P<0.01）， and increase in GSH activity and mRNA and protein levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4） （P<0.01）. The protein level of SLC7A11 in the baicalin group was decreased compared with that in the blank group （P<0.05， P<0.01） in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the baicalin group， the reactive oxygen species （ROS） level and MDA content in SLC7A11-overexpressing cells were significantly decreased after baicalin treatment （P<0.01）， and the GSH activity was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The fluorescence intensity of p53 in the cells of the baicalin group was increased compared with that of the blank group （P<0.01）. Compared with the baicalin group， the expression level of p53 protein in the cells transfected with p53 siRNA was significantly decreased after baicalin treatment （P<0.01）， and the expression level of SLC7A11 was significantly increased （P<0.01）. ConclusionBaicalin can effectively inhibit the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells by regulating p53/SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis.

Distribution of CYP2C9∗3 and VKORC1-1639G>A gene polymorphism in Anhui Han population and their influence on the stable dose of warfarin / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To study the distribution of CYP2C9∗3 and VKORC1-1639G>A gene polymorphism in Han population in Anhui province and their influence on the stable dose of warfarin. METHODS: The blood samples of 1 169 patients from 6 tertiary general hospitals in 5 areas of Anhui province from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected, the genotype of CYP2C9∗3 and VKORC1-1639G>A was detected by fluorescent staining in situ hybridization technique. RESULTS: The distribution of CYP2C9∗3 genotypes in 1 169 patients: the frequencies of AA, AC and CC genes were 90.16%, 9.24% and 0.60%, respectively; The distribution of VKORC1 genotype: the frequencies of AA, AG and GG genes were 84.26%, 14.71% and 1.03% respectively; There was no significant difference between the two genotypes in gender, age and regional distribution (P>0.05). The average daily warfarin dose of CYP2C9∗3 AA genotype in 755 patients with stable warfarin dose was (3.02±0.59) mg/d, which was significantly higher than patients with AC genotype and CC genotype; The average daily warfarin dose of patients with VKORC1-1639AA genotype was (2.72±0.40) mg/d, which was significantly lower than that of patients with AG genotype and GG genotype (P<0.05). And the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); There are significant differences in gender, age and clinical diagnosis between patients with stable dose of warfarin and those without stable dose (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes are associated with the stable dose of warfarin. Clinical anticoagulation therapy guided by CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes can provide guidance for individualized medication of warfarin.

Distributions of MTHFR gene polymorphism and its correlation with blood Hcy in patients with hypertension in southern Anhui province / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To investigate the distribution characteristics of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism and its correlation with blood Hcy in hypertensive patients and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of H-type hypertension in southern Anhui Province. METHODS: A total of 657 hypertensive patients were treated in our hospital from October 2019 to August 2020 were selected as the research objects. The MTHFR C677T and A1298C loci were genotyped by fluorescence staining in situ hybridization, and the blood Hcy concentration was determined by the enzyme cycle method. The distribution characteristics of MTHFR gene in the Han nationality hypertensive population in southern Anhui Province were analyzed, and compared with the reported MTHFR gene distribution data of hypertensive populations in other regions and ethnic groups. RESULTS: Among the 657 patients, the distributions of CC, CT and TT types at the C677T site of MTHFR gene were 212(32.27%), 321 (48.86%), 124(18.87%), and the distribution of AA, AC, and TT types at the A1298C site were 467 (71.08%), 171(26.03%), 19(2.89%). There was no gender difference in the distribution of the two loci of this gene in the hypertensive population in southern Anhui Province (P > 0.05). The distribution frequency of CC genotype at C677T locus is lower than that in Foshan and Guangxi, but higher than that in Henan, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia; the frequency of CT genotype is higher than that in Foshan and Guangxi; the frequency of TT genotype is higher than that in Foshan and Guangxi. Guangxi region was lower than Henan region, Xinjiang region and Inner Mongolia region, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). CONCLUSION: The distribution of MTHFR gene polymorphism in the Han nationality hypertensive population in southern Anhui is significantly different from other regions, and it is also significantly related to the level of Hcy, which has obvious regional characteristics. The genetic detection technology combined with the determination of Hcy concentration can provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of H-type hypertension in southern Anhui Province.

Distributions of MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism among cerebral stroke patients in southern Anhui province / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To investigate and analyze the distribution characteristic of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene polymorphism among cerebral stroke patients and to provide prevention and treatment for stroke patients in southern Anhui Province. METHODS: A total of 114 patients with cerebral stroke in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College from January 2018 to October 2019 were included. The MTHFR C677T genotype was performed by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. The MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism distribution data of the cerebral stroke population in southern Anhui Province was compared with the reported gene distribution data of Han Chinese stroke population in other parts of China. RESULTS:The frequencies distribution of TT, CT and CC genotypes of MTHFR C677T were 28.90%, 50.00%, 21.10%. The frequencies of C and T alleles were 53.95% and 46.05%. There was no gender difference in the distribution of this gene. There were significant difference in CC genotype between Chongqing area, Heilongjiang area and Guangzhou area (P<0.05). There were significant difference in TT genotype between Chongqing area, northern Henan area and Heilongjiang area (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The distribution of MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism in the Han population of southern Anhui Province is different from other areas. It can provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of cerebral stroke in high-risk population in southern Anhui Province by genetic testing technology.

Aspirin-Triggered Resolvin D1 Inhibits TGF-β1-Induced EndMT through Increasing the Expression of Smad7 and Is Closely Related to Oxidative Stress

The endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is known to be involved in the transformation of vascular endothelial cells to mesenchymal cells. EndMT has been confirmed that occur in various pathologic conditions. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is a potent stimulator of the vascular endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (ATRvD1) has been known to be involved in the resolution of inflammation, but whether it has effects on TGF-β1-induced EndMT is not yet clear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of AT-RvD1 on the EndMT of human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells line (HUVECs). Treatment with TGF-β1 reduced the expression of Nrf2 and enhanced the level of F-actin, which is associated with paracellular permeability. The expression of endothelial marker VE-cadherin in HUVEC cells was reduced, and the expression of mesenchymal marker vimentin was enhanced. AT-RvD1 restored the expression of Nrf2 and vimentin and enhanced the expression of VE-cadherin. AT-RvD1 did also affect the migration of HUVEC cells. Inhibitory κB kinase 16 (IKK 16), which is known to inhibit the NF-κB pathway, had an ability to increase the expression of Nrf2 and was associated with the inhibition effect of AT-RvD1 on TGF-β1-induced EndMT, but it had no effect on TGF-β1-induced EndMT alone. Smad7, which is a key regulator of TGF-β/Smads signaling by negative feedback loops, was significantly increased with the treatment of AT-RvD1. These results suggest the possibility that AT-RvD1 suppresses the TGF-β1-induced EndMT through increasing the expression of Smad7 and is closely related to oxidative stress.

Intra-articular injection of synovial mesenchymal stem cells to treat articular cartilage injury / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Among various seed cel s, synovial mesenchymal stem cel s have unique advantages in the repair of articular cartilage injury. OBJECTIVE:To review the progress of synovial mesenchymal stem cel s and its intra-articular injection in the treatment of articular cartilage injury. METHODS:The first author searched PubMed and CNKI by computer to retrieve articles published from January 2004 to December 2004 using the keywords of“synovial mesenchymal stem cel s;intra-articular injection;cartilage repair”in English and Chinese, respectively. Final y, 57 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:It is easy to isolate and culture synovial mesenchymal stem cel s, which has great advantages in cartilage repair. What’s more, intra-articular injection therapy for articular cartilage injury is feasible and safe. Intra-articular injection of synovial mesenchymal stem cel s is a very promising treatment for cartilage damage, but there are stil many problems to be solved in the future.

Histological pathological changes in articular cartilages after firearm injury / 军事医学

Objective To investigate the pathological change in articular cartilages after firearm injury.Methods Four rabbits from 28 New Zealand healthy rabbits were chosen as control group and subjected to joint capsule incision only. Another 24 rabbits were equally divided into 6 experimental groups( groups B to G) and subjected to medial femoral condyle cartilage surface damage by the nail gun.After the operation, their specimens were collected after 6 h,3 d,7 d,14 d,28 d and 56 d, respectively.Tissue sections were observed and stained by HE staining and toluidine blue staining.The histolopathological changes in articular cartilage after firearm injury were detected.Results The color of articular cartilages in experimental groups became lighter, the cell number increased but then decreased, the articular cartilage layer disappeared, the cell shape became uneven, cells began to cluster and the Mankin score increased, and the statistical differences between experimental groups and control group were significant.Conclusion The histological pathological changes in articular cartilages after fiream injury seem to follow some pattern.The degeneration seems obvious after 7 days and then becomes heavier.

Content Determination of Catalpol in Zengye Chengqi Syrupus by HPLC / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To establish a method for the determination of catalpol in Zengye Chengqi Syrupus by HPLC. Methods High performance liquid chromatography was performed on an Eclipse XDB C18 column (150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid (1∶99) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, 210 nm as the detection wavelength, the temperature of column was set at 30 ℃. Results Catalpol showed good linear relationship at the range of 0.052-0.258 μg (r=0.999 9), the average recovery (n=5) was 98.23% (RSD=0.76%, n=9). Conclusion The method was accurate, reliable and specific. It can be used for the quality control and evaluation of Zengye Chengqi Syrupus.