AnalysisofgenderdifferencesincoronaryarterydiseaseinpatientswithHIVinfectionbasedonCCTA / 实用放射学杂志

Objective Toanalyzethedifferencesofthecoronaryarterycalciumscore,andtheprevalence,severity,characteristics ofcoronaryarteryplaquesbetweenAIDSinfectedfemaleandmale.Methods 158AIDSpatients(72femalesand86 males)and102 HIVGuninfectedpatients(49femalesand53 males)withsuspectedcoronaryarterydiseaseinourhospitalwereenrolledbetween March2017andFebruary2018.Patientsunderwentcoronarycomputedtomographyangiography (CCTA)bythethirdgenerationdual sourceforceCT.Thedifferencesofcoronaryarteryplaquesbetweengenderswereassessed.Results In HIVGuninfectedpatients,the prevalenceoftotalplaque,mixedplaque,severestenosisandtwoGvesseldiseasewassignificantlyhigherinmalethanfemale(allP＜0.05) andtheprevalenceofnonGcalcifiedplaquewassignificantlylowerinmalethanfemale(allP＜0.05).InAIDSpatients,theprevalence oftotalplaque,calcifiedplaque,severestenosisandCACS＞100wassignificantlyhigherin malethanfemale(allP＜0.05)andthe prevalenceofnonGcalcifiedplaqueandmixedplaquesignificantlywaslowerinmalethanfemale(allP＜0.05).Theprevalenceofthree ormorevesselsdiseasein maleAIDSpatientswassignificantlyhigherthanfemaleAIDSpatients.Conclusion MaleAIDSpatients havehighercoronarycalcifiedscoreandheaviercoronaryatherosclerosisburdens.Inaddition,femaleAIDSpatientshavelesscoronary atherosclerosisburdens,butmixedplaqueseemtobemorefrequently.

CT imaging features of hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the CT feasures of hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComa),to improve the understanding and diagnosis of this disease.Methods CT findings and clinical data of 13 patients with hepatic PEComa were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among the 1 3 PEComa patients,2 cases were multiple focis and 1 1 cases were single lesion.The maximum diameter of the lesions ranges from 26 mm to 96 mm,with mean diameter (52.77±24.94)mm.The density of 6 cases large lesions was heterogeneous on plain CT image,and the atery phase showed significantly inhomogeneous enhancement and the enhancement decreased in venous phase.7 cases of small lesions was homogeneous in density and showed uniform enhancement in arterial phase.The adjacent organs were compressed in 4 cases,the hepatic artery was located at the margin or inside the tumor in 4 cases,the portal vein or its branch passed through the tumor in 2 cases,and the inferior vena cava was compressed and shifted in 1 case.Conclusion CT manifestations of hepatic PEComa have some characteristics,when the tumor shows homogeneous in density and uniform enhancement in arterial phase,and the enhancement decreases in venous phase,with the thick vessel in the center or at the peripheral,it may prompt diagnosis.

Correlational Research on the Sleep Status and Psychosocial Factors of Patients with Colorectal Cancer before Surgery / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To examine the sleep status and relevant psychosocial factors in patients with colorectal cancer before surgery and improve their sleep quality. Methods A cross?sectional survey method was used. Participants were 107 cases of patients with colorectal cancer from the Department of Anorectal Surgery in The First Hospital ,which is affiliated with China Medical University. The Athens insomnia scale(AIS),Ham?ilton depression scale(HAMD),Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),perceived social support scale(PSSS),self?esteem scale(SES),medical cop?ing questionnaire(MCMQ),memorial University of Newfoundland scale of happiness(MUNSH),Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ),and Wong?Baker face scale were used to assess preoperative sleep in patients with colorectal cancer and related psychosocial factors. Results Among the 107 cases,there were 24 cases of insomnia,with an insomnia incidence of 22.43%. No statistical differences were found in demographic charac?teristics and clinical characteristics(P>0.05). According to the degree of insomnia,there were significant differences between groups(P<0.05) for depression,anxiety,social support,avoidance,yield,happiness,and EPQ?N. Before the surgery,the degree of depression,anxiety,and EPQ?P had a significant positive effect on the degree of insomnia (P< 0.05). Conclusion The degree of insomnia before surgery in patients with colorectal cancer is closely associated with depression,anxiety,coping styles,social support,and personality characteristics.

Analysis on the individual-response behavior and the influence factors to violent terrorist attacks among undergraduates in Guangzhou / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze related behaviors of individual preparedness and influencing factors on violent terrorist attacks among undergraduates.Methods A total of 1 800 undergraduates from 5 colleges or universities in Guangzhou were selected,using the stratified cluster method.A questionnaire involving the response to violent terrorist attack behavior was used to assess the individual preparedness behaviors among undergraduates.A self-made questionnaire was applied to collect information on demographic factors,cognitive and preparedness behaviors.Results The mean score of individual preparedness behavior among undergraduates was 13.49 ± 5.02 while information on seeking behavior was 4.27 ± 1.64,avoidance behavior was 5.97± 2.16 and violent terrorist attack response behaviors was 23.73 ± 7.21,with 30.0 percent of undergraduates behaved properly.Significant differences were found in the scores of behaviors on the response to violent terrorist attack with different gender,major they pursue or religious belief (P＜0.05),among undergraduates involved in this study.Results from the logistic regression analysis revealed that persons being girls (OR=1.46,95％ CI:1.06-2.01),with bigger perceived probability (OR=1.60,95％ CI:1.12-2.30),with higher alertness (OR=3.77,95％ CI:2.15-6.61),with stronger coping confidence (OR=0.34,95％ CI:0.24-0.48) and bigger affective response (OR1=3.42,95％ CI:2.40-4.86; OR2 =0.23,95 ％ CI:0.1 3-0.41),would present more prominent behavior responses when facing the violent terrorist attack.Conclusion Individual response behaviors to violent terrorist attacks among undergraduates were relatively ideal.Perceived probability,alertness,coping confidence and affective response appeared to be independent influencing factors related to response behaviors against violent terrorist attack.In colleges and universities,awareness on violent terrorist attacks should be strengthened among undergraduates.Focus should target on psychological education dealing with disaster,knowledge and skills needed for emergency response,so as to respond to the emergency on campus.

Analysis on the incidence and influencing factors of psychological violence among college students in Guangzhou in 2010 / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the incidence and influencing factors of psychological violence among college students in Guangzhou in 2010.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Convenience sampling method was used and 2 200 college students from 61 classes of three universities in Guangzhou were interviewed with self-designed questionnaire about the incidence and influencing factors of the psychological violence in 2010. The valid sample was 2 060. Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression were used to assess the incidence and influencing factors of the psychological violence between different genders.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 66.3% (1 365/2 060) college students reported having experienced at least one kind of psychological violence during the past 12 months, either as a perpetrator or as a victim. The proportion of psychological violence among males (72.3%, 775/1 072) was significantly higher than that in females (59.7%, 590/988)(χ(2) = 36.39, P < 0.05). The incidence of perpetration only, victimization only, and both perpetration and victimization of psychological violence were 16.1% (331/2 060), 8.9% (184/2 060) and 41.3% (850/2 060), respectively. The incidence of victimization only in females was 10.4% (103/988), which was significantly higher than that in males (7.6%, 81/1 072) (χ(2) = 5.20, P < 0.05). The incidence of both perpetration and victimization in males was 47.3% (507/1 072), which was significantly higher than that in females (34.7%, 343/988) (χ(2) = 33.56, P < 0.05). In males, the multinomial logistic regression showed the risk factors for perpetration only was having harmful behavior habits (OR = 1.90). For victimization only, the risk factors were with siblings (OR = 2.42) and prior mistreatment by teachers from primary to senior high school (OR = 1.78). For both perpetration and victimization, the risk factors were with siblings (OR = 1.88), having harmful behavior habits (OR = 1.98), bad family economic conditions (difficult OR = 1.99, general OR = 1.67) and prior mistreatment by teachers from primary to senior high school(OR = 2.07). In females, the risk factors for perpetration only were self-claimed shortage of monthly living expenses(OR = 2.14) or just enough (OR = 2.26), having harmful behavior habits (OR = 1.69) (all P values<0.05) . For victimization only, the risk factors were bad family economic conditions (difficult OR = 6.67, 15 persons; general OR = 3.81), bullied by others before university(OR = 2.05). For both perpetration and victimization, the risk factors were self-claimed shortage of monthly living expenses (OR = 1.81), bad family economic conditions (OR = 2.43), disharmonious relations between parents (OR = 1.76), physical punishment by parents (OR = 1.66), bullied by others before university (OR = 2.14) and prior mistreatment by teachers from primary to senior high school(OR = 1.73). Having a religious faith was the protective factor (OR = 0.38) (all P values<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The incidence of psychological violence among college students is very serious in Guangzhou in 2010. And the influencing factors of it between different genders are different. Females are affected by a wider ranges of factors than males, and are more influenced by family and parents.</p>

Quality of life and related factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Guangdong province / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the quality of life and related factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Guangdong province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 443 subjects older than age 18 who had been diagnosed as HIV/AIDS were recruited from AIDS Outpatient Clinic Departments in Guangzhou and Shenzhen. HIV/AIDS-targeted quality of life(HAT-QoL)scale was used to measure the quality of life on the patients. Nonparametric test method and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to explore the related factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average scores of the following nine domains of HIV/AIDS-targeted quality of life scales were:overall function as 59.89 ± 23.35, concerns on medication as 62.91 ± 24.01, worries on factors as being disclosed, on health, on financial situation were 19.97 ± 23.04, 54.05 ± 12.24 and 35.94 ± 26.45, respectively, trust on providers as 68.72 ± 26.17, rate of understanding HIV as 61.46 ± 25.72, on life satisfaction as 56.90 ± 25.30 and on sexual function as 50.82 ± 23.86. Factors associated with quality of life would include sex, age, residential area, education, employment, marital status, complications, HAART-related prescriptions, route of infection and duration of HIV/AIDS etc.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The quality of life among HIV/AIDS patients had declined, especially on worries related to disclosure and financial situation. More attention should be paid on those with poor education, low income and lack of family support in order to improve their quality of life and reducing mortality.</p>

Epidemiological analysis on expressway traffic injury from 2007 to 2009 in China / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To provide scientific support for the prevention and control of expressway traffic injury by analyzing the epidemiological features of expressway traffic injury in China.Methods The secular trend and epidemiologic features of expressway traffic injury from 1994 to 2009 in China were analyzed.The indicators including mortality of mileage,accident rate of mileage,and accident mortality were used to evaluate the severity of expressway traffic injury in China.Cluster analysis was used to compare the differences of accident rate of mileage and accident mortality from 29 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions.Results Except for the yearly increase of the accident mortality and the fluctuant decrease of the mortality and accident rate of mileage,other indicators reflecting the domestic expressway traffic injury from 1994 to 2009 were increased and then decreased,when the decreased indicators were still higher than those in 1994.In addition to the number of accidents of the four basic traffic injury indicators,the proportions of other three indicators(number of wounded and death,direct property damage)in the road traffic injury were increased year by year and the increase was the most obvious in regard of the direct property damage which had accounted for more than 30％ since 2006.The data from 2007 to 2009 showed that the peak time of traffic accidents was at around 4:00 am and around 4:00 pm.The traffic accidents caused by the drivers accounted for 93.02％ and the drivers with less than five years of driving accounted for 40.92％.Pedestrians and passengers were vulnerable to the expressway traffic injury and the accident mortality was the highest(72.75 per 100 accidents).Rear collision(44.17％)and bumping the fixed objects(16.35％)were the major accident types.There was a high accident proportion on the dry road(77.60％)and sunshine day(65.39％).Conclusions With worsening situation of the expressway traffic injury in China,we should,based on the epidemiological features of traffic injury on expressway,take appropriate measures such as strengthening traffic management of expressway and education of road users and improving the emergency medical service level.

Survey on undergraduate students' cognition,attitude and behavior toward psychological counseling / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To understand the cogniton,attitude and behavior of the psychological counseling in college students,and the results should be helpful to mental health promotion programs.Methods 585 college students were recruited by a cluster sampling.A self-designed questionnaire about the psychological consultation was finished by the subjects.All the data were entered a database with Epi Data V3.1 software.Statistical analysis of the data was done on the SPSS software (V13.0).Chi-square test was used to compare the constituent ratio difference among different groups.Results 64.10% students considered the function of counseling was to help person better understand themselves;63.72% of students agreed with that it is very necessary to carry out psychological counseling in college.When they encountered some confusion which beyond their ability to solve,they will at first resort to their friends,parents other than counseling Center in campus.32.58% of students didn’t know the counseling center in their college.Only 8.38% of students ever went to the counseling center.Conclusions Although the majority of students hold positive attitudes and cognition about psychological counseling.However,their behavior was negative.It is contradictory between their cognition and behavior.It is very necessary to explore the deeper reasons and carry out some targeted health education in college students.

Case control study on the risk factors of primary open angle glaucoma in China / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The purpose of this study is to comprehensively explore the risk factors of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two groups of data based on distinct resources were analyzed to explore the risk factors of POAG. One group of data was based on hospital records between 1995 and 2000 which composed of 107 patients with POAG and 149 controls without POAG. The other group of data was based on 40 patients with POAG and 120 matched controls without POAG. The former was designed by non-matched case control study, the latter was done by 1:3 matched case control study. The relationships between POAG and the factors such as age, sex, family history, diabetes, hypertension, intraocular pressure (IOP), cardiovascular diseases, smoking, drinking and mutation of TIGR gene were studied by logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The simple factor analysis showed that the risk of POAG was related to age, family history, hypertension, IOP, cardiovascular diseases, smoking, drinking and the mutation of TIGR gene (T353I). However, logistic regression analysis confirmed that POAG mainly related to IOP, family history, hypertension, smoking, alcohol intake and the mutation of TIGR gene.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The most important risk factor of POAG was IOP. Family history, hypertension, smoking and the mutation of TIGR gene were also important risk factors of POAG. However, alcohol intake was a protective factor for POAG.</p>

A study on risk factors for falling down in elderly people of rural areas in Laizhou City / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To study the status and risk factors for falling down in elderly people in rural areas, and to provide evidences for preventions. Methods A total of 1 003 farmers aged 60 years old and over were surveyed to study the falls occurred during the previous 12 months before March 2001 in the elderly in a town of Laizhou City by cluster sampling method. Results The average incidence of falling down was 22.6%, 15.9% for men and 28.4% for women, respectively. The risk factors of falls included gender, age, single-living, falling history in the previous year, at least combined two kinds of chronic diseases, manifesting at least two symptoms, gait abnormalities, as well as complaining poor physical status and poorer general conditions than the previous year. Less social actions was negatively associated with the falls. Conclusions The falling in the elderly walkers results from an outcome of combination of multifactors. Since the complex pathogenesis, it should be prevented by a combination of several methods.