RESUMO
OBJECTIVE To explore and establish a long-term mechanism for rational control of intravenous fluids in hospitals. METHODS On the basis of the establishment of rules and regulations， through the exploration and implementation of the core technical strategy of “six-step method”， a new mode of intravenous infusion control was established. The contents of the “six-step method” were as follows： the first step was to sort out the diseases that did not require intravenous infusion； the second step was to sort out the alternative drugs/dosage forms； the third step was to sort out the alternative routes of infusion； the fourth step was to develop drug specifications； the fifth step was to explore the personalized medication needs of clinical departments； the sixth step was to develop a department-specific integrated infusion regimen. The utilization rate of intravenous fluids in inpatients and the average daily amount of intravenous fluids per bed in inpatients were used as the main indicators to evaluate the control effect. RESULTS The comparison of the average values of three months before and after the implementation of the “six-step” management mode in the department of thoracic surgery of our hospital showed that after management and control， the average utilization rate of intravenous fluids in inpatients decreased by 1.74%， the average daily use of intravenous fluids in inpatients per bed decreased by 0.30 bags/bottle， and the per capita use of infusion drugs under key control gradually decreased. CONCLUSIONS The “six-step” management mode can reduce the utilization rate of intravenous fluids in inpatients， and this management mode is practical and feasible.
RESUMO
From the interest of subjects in clinical trials,this paper analyzed the ethical issues of the following cases.It included that the standard operating procedures of the clinical trial were contrary to the programs;the clinical trials failed because of statistical problems;unnecessary duplication blood increased the damage to subjects.It is recommend that relative researchers of the clinical trials of in vitro diagnostic reagent should grasp the scientificity and ethicality,improve the quality of clinical trials and effectively protect the rights and interests of subjects.
RESUMO
The technological level of medical device trials researchers directly affects the validity and risk of trials,but now almost all the research programs and informed consents don't have designate researchers.The analyses of the contents of three informed consents suggested that "researcher information" was that the subjects paid great attention to and had the right to know;in order to respect the subject autonomy,maintain the justice of research,reduce the harm and maintain social harmony,the information of researchers of medical device clinical trials with significant risk involved operation should be informed to subjects.In this regard,policy and ethical review should make clear requirements in practice.