Analysis of traffic accidents caused by epileptic seizures in 7 patients without definite diagnosis / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To elucidate the phenomenon that epileptic seizure occurs in patients with epilepsy without definite diagnosis when driving a motor vehicle and its hazards.Methods:From January 2020 to June 2022, 7 epileptic patients who experienced traffic accidents caused by seizures were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, and their demographic data, traffic accident related data and epilepsy diagnosis and treatment data were summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 7 adult patients with epilepsy were collected, including 6 males, 4 of whom had been driving for more than 10 years. Among them, 1 patient drove a bus, and the other 6 patients drove private cars. Totally 5/7 of the accidents resulted in personal injury, and 3/7 of the accidents resulted in personal death. In 5 patients, video electroencephalogram showed interictal epileptiform discharges. In 2 patients, the imaging findings suggested the presence of cerebral cortical lesions that may lead to seizures. In terms of the form of seizure, 3 patients′ seizure type was focal to bilateral tonic-clonic, and the other 4 patients were very probable to be focal impaired awareness seizure.Conclusions:Undiagnosed epileptic seizures lead to traffic accidents, endanger patients and public safety, which need to attract attention from both doctors and patients, as well as the whole society.

Detection of serum antibody levels after inoculation of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine / 预防医学

Objective @#To investigate the serum levels of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 after inoculation of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, so as to provide insights into the evaluation of the vaccine immunogenicity. @*Methods @#In this single-arm Objective performance criteria trial, residents aged 18 to 59 years and inoculated with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Xihu District, Hangzhou City from October to December of 2020 were selected using a cluster sampling method. Blood samples were collected prior to inoculation, 14 and 28 days post-inoculation of the first dose, and 28 days post-inoculation of the second dose. Serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies were detected using the magnetic particle-based chemiluminescence immunoassay. The seroconversion of antibodies and dynamic changes of antibody levels were analyzed.@*Results @#Totally 310 participants were enrolled, including 133 subjects on day 14 post-inoculation of the first dose, 97 subjects on day 28 post-inoculation of the first dose and 254 subjects on day 28 post-inoculation of the second dose. The seroconversion rates of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody were 6.02%, 28.87% and 98.43%, and the median IgG antibody levels were 1.76 ( interquartile range, 3.25 ), 5.69 ( 9.95 ) and 52.05 ( 47.60 ) AU/mL ( P<0.05 ), respectively, while the seroconversion rates of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody were 9.02%, 11.34% and 12.99%, and the median IgG antibody levels were 1.89 ( 3.28 ), 2.06 ( 4.71 ) and 2.65 ( 4.01 ) AU/mL ( P>0.05 ), respectively. In addition, higher serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies were detected post-inoculation relative to pre-inoculation ( P<0.05 ), and higher serum IgG antibody levels were found in subjects aged 18 to 39 years than in those aged 40 to 59 years ( P<0.05 ). @*Conclusions @#Inoculation of two doses of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine achieves a high immunogenicity among residents aged 18 to 59 years 28 days post-inoculation, and the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody is detectable in some residents following inoculation of the first dose.

Study on specific antibodies in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and recipients of inactivated vaccine / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To detect the serum levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG antibodies in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and recipients of inactivated vaccine in different periods for understanding their variation patterns in vivo. Methods:Chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to detect the levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG antibodies in 144 serum samples of 44 COVID-19 patients, 381 serum samples of 118 asymptomatic infected cases and 398 serum samples of 273 inactivated vaccine recipients collected at different periods. The results were statistically analyzed together with basic characteristics and vaccination status.Results:The positive rates of IgM antibody in COVID-19 patients, asymptomatic infected cases and inactivated vaccine recipients were 52.27% (23/44), 23.73% (28/118) and 14.29% (39/273). The positive rate of IgM antibody was higher in COVID-19 patients than in asymptomatic infected cases and vaccine recipients (χ 2=12.106, P=0.001; χ 2=34.755, P<0.001). The positive rates of IgG antibody in the three populations were 100.00% (44/44), 97.46% (115/118) and 98.81% (166/168), and the differences were not statistically significant (χ 2=2.944, P=0.229). In COVID-19 patients, the concentration of IgM antibody in <40 years old group was lower than that in ≥40 years old group (Waldχ 2=6.609, P=0.010), and the concentration of IgG antibody in patients with vaccination was higher than that in patients without vaccination (Waldχ 2=12.402, P<0.001). In asymptomatic infected cases, the concentration of IgG antibody was higher in people with vaccination than in those without vaccination (Waldχ 2=4.530, P=0.033). In SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients, the concentration of IgG antibody in <40 years old group was higher than that in ≥40 years old group (Waldχ 2=9.565, P=0.002). Dynamic analysis of antibody levels showed that from week 1 to week 9, the concentrations of IgM and IgG antibodies in COVID-19 patients were higher than those in asymptomatic infected cases and vaccine recipients. Conclusions:The concentrations of IgM and IgG antibodies in COVID-19 patients were higher than those in asymptomatic infected cases and inactivated vaccine recipients. COVID-19 patients aged ≥40 years had higher level of IgM antibody. COVID-19 patients and asymptomatic infected cases who had received vaccination had higher concentration of IgG antibody. Inactivated vaccine showed good immunogenicity after whole course of immunization, and the IgG antibody level in <40 years old group was higher.

Diagnostic efficiency and safety of bronchial needle aspiration for lymph node staging of non-small cell lung cancer in elderly patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency and safety of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration(EBUS-TBNA)in lymph node staging of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)in elderly patients.Methods:Thirty-five patients aged ≥70 years and 58 patients aged 60-69 years with NSCLC receiving EBUS-TBNA in our hospital from March 2015 to December 2018 were enrolled.All patients underwent EBUS for all visible mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes, and those with enlarged lymph nodes(short axis ≥6 mm)were further examined with TBNA.The diagnostic efficiency and safety of EBUS-TBNA were analyzed.Results:The sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA was 0.94, the specificity was 1.00, the Yoden index was 0.94, the positive predictive value was 1.00, and the negative predictive value was 0.82.Tumor staging was changed in 20 patients after EBU-TBNA, resulting in changes in assessment on tumor resectability in 5 cases.EBUS-TBNA had excellent agreement with postoperative pathology in evaluating resectability(Kappa=0.95). The sensitivity and specificity were 1.00 and 0.97, respectively.The incidence of complications of EBUS-TNBA was 6.5%.The elderly group had a worse performance status( P<0.05)compared with the control group, but the complication rates(5.7% vs 6.9%, P>0.05)were similar between the two groups. Conclusions:EBUS-TBNA is highly effective and safe in the diagnosis of NSCLC in patients aged 70 and older.

Progress of CT perfusion in early diagnosis of stroke-like epileptic seizures / 中华神经科杂志

Seizures (including postictal state) account for about 38% of stroke mimics, which are easily confused with acute ischemic cerebrovascular events. Electroencephalogram, with a low interictal positive rate, has limitations in early diagnosis of epileptic seizures because it is usually unavailable in the emergency room. In acute settings, CT perfusion imaging is economical and has a short examination time. It is widely used for early screening and evaluation of suspected stroke. Seizures are accompanied by perfusion changes and have certain characteristics. CT perfusion patterns in different periods, especially for focal hyperperfusion, can distinguish stroke-like seizures from cerebrovascular events at an early stage. It helps to make a clear diagnosis and appropriate clinical decisions, leading to improve patients′ prognosis.

Emergency multimodal computed tomography for the diagnosis of stroke mimic--epileptic seizure

@#Background and Objectives: Stroke mimics are medical conditions producing stroke-like symptoms but eventually get diagnosed as non-stroke diseases. Epileptic seizure is a common type of stroke mimic. The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of emergency multimodal computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of epileptic seizure. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the case group of patients with suspected stroke in the emergency stroke care service of the First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University from September 2017 to October 2019. We included those who underwent multimodal CT, including non-contrasted cranial CT, CT perfusion with CT angiography, and were ultimately diagnosed as epileptic seizures. Ten patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke were assigned as controls. Results: A total of five cases met the inclusion criteria. Multimodal CT was completed within 2.25 to 3.50h from symptom onset. On CT perfusion, hyperperfusion was shown in four cases and slightly increased perfusion in one case with epileptic seizures. Cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume were significantly increased, while time to peak and mean transit time decreased in the regions of interest of the epileptic hemisphere when compared to either the non-affected hemisphere or the ischemic area in the control group (P<0.05). The abnormal perfusion areas did not follow vascular territory supply and CT angiography did not show vessel occlusion in the case group. Conclusion: Emergency multimodal CT could be used effectively to differentiate epileptic seizure from stroke.

Exploration of clinical characteristics of influenza A virus infection in children / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of influenza A virus infection in children, and provide evidence for early identification of severe patients.Methods:A total of 114 patients with influenza like symptoms admitted to Shanghai Children′s Medical Center from October 2017 to May 2019 were enrolled in our study.All the patients were confirmed influenza A infection by Xpert-Xpress influenza/respiratory syncytial virus detection platform.The patients were divided into mild influenza A group (47 cases) and severe influenza A group (67 cases with pneumonia). The clinical data of these patients were analyzed and compared.Results:The male to female ratio of 114 cases was 1.28∶1.The age of included patients ranged from 1 month 12 days to 12 years old, and the median age was 3.00 (4.27) years old.The most common clinical manifestations were fever, cough and wheezing, accounting for 79.82%, 68.42%, and 43.00%, respectively.The rate of mixed infection was 24.56%, and adenovirus(5.26%), respiratory syncytial virus(4.39%) as well as mycoplasma(3.51%) accounted for the top three, and the rate of mixed bacterial infection was 12.28%.The median age of the patients in the severe influenza A group was 1.00 (3.58) years, and that in the mild influenza A group was 4.00 (5.00) years, with statistical difference ( Z=-3.81, P<0.001). The mixed infection rate was 38.80% (26/67) in severe influenza A group and 4.26% (2/47) in mild influenza A group, with statistical difference ( χ2= 17.8, P<0.001). The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in peripheral blood was 2.64 (3.37) in severe influenza A group and 1.17 (2.02) in mild influenza A group, with statistical difference ( χ2=-2.46, P=0.01). Conclusion:Children with smaller age, mixed infection and higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio are easy to develop into severe cases.The detection system of Xpert-Xpress influenza / respiratory syncytial virus is a simple, rapid and accurate method for influenza detection, which provides a good basis for diagnosis and treatment.

The application value of FilmArray detection in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective:To explore the application value of FilmArray detection in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection and conduct economics analysis.Methods:From December 1, 2016 to November 30, 2017, 1 380 patients were enrolled in our study.Some children(FilmArray group) were tested for respiratory pathogens with FilmArray, while others (control group) were tested by 7-box antigen test of respiratory virus, gold colloid test of influenza and mycoplasma antibody.Those with underlying diseases were excluded.A total of 160 cases in the FilmArray group and 160 cases in the control group were obtained with tendency score matching method.The physical examination of pathogens, clinical indicators, usage of anti-infective drugs and hospitalization related costs were compared.Results:The positive rate of FilmArray test was significantly higher than that in control group (86.88% vs. 45.91%). The most common pathogens detected by FilmArray were adenovirus(39 cases), rhinovirus(34 cases), and parainfluenza virus(30 cases). In the FilmArray group, nine cases were positive for botulinum pertussis, accounting for 5.6% of the total.The hospitalization time of FilmArray group was shorter than that in control group [(8.89±6.23 days vs.(11.51±14.43)days]. In FilmArray group, the antibiotics were used for a shorter time, and 18 children did not use antibiotics during hospitalization.Compared with the control group, the hospitalization cost had no significant difference in the FilmArray group, but the antibiotic cost was less, as well as hospitalization time was shorter.The average hospitalization cost saved by using the FilmArray test was nearly 2 000 yuan per person. Conclusion:The application of FilmArray detection in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection can quickly and accurately identify a various infections of virus, bacteria and atypical pathogen, which guides using anti-infective drugs more reasonably.The application of FilmArray detection shortens the average hospitalization days of children, increases the utilization efficiency of medical resources, and reduces the medical cost and indirect economic loss of children’s families, which has certain economics significance.

Astragaloside Ⅳ inhibits inflammation after cerebral ischemia in rats through promoting microglia/macrophage M2 polarization / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of astragaloside Ⅳ (AS-Ⅳ) on microglia/macrophage M1/M2 polarization and inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia in rats.@*METHODS@#Forty eight male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation control group, model control group and AS-Ⅳ group with 16 rats in each. Focal cerebral ischemia model was induced by occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (MCAO) using the intraluminal filament. After ischemia induced, the rats in AS-Ⅳ group were intraperitoneally injected with 40 mg/kg AS-Ⅳ once a day for 3 days. The neurological functions were evaluated by the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and the corner test on d1 and d3 after modelling. The infarct volume was measured by 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining on d3 after ischemia. The expression of M1 microglia/macrophage markers CD86, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, M2 microglia/macrophages markers CD206, arginase-1 (Arg-1), chitinase-like protein (YM1/2) and anti-inflammatory factors interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) was detected by real-time RT-PCR. The expression of CD16/32/Iba1 and CD206/Iba1 was determined by double labeling immunefluorescence method in the peripheral area of cerebral ischemia.@*RESULTS@#Compared with model control group, AS-Ⅳ treatment improved neurological function recovery and reduced infarct volume after ischemia (@*CONCLUSIONS@#The findings suggest that AS-Ⅳ ameliorates brain injury after cerebral ischemia in rats, which may be related to inhibiting inflammation through promoting the polarization of the microglia/macrophage from M1 to M2 phenotype in the ischemic brain.

Chinese medicine Buyang Huanwu decoction promotes neurogenesis and angiogenesis in ischemic stroke rats by upregulating miR-199a-5p expression / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the mechanism of Chinese medicine Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD) promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis in ischemic stroke rats.@*METHODS@#Male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, BYHWD group, antagonist group and antagonist control group with 14 rats in each. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery for 90 min with intraluminal filament and reperfusion for 14 d in all groups except sham operation group. BYHWD (13 g/kg) was administrated by gastrogavage in BYHWD group, antagonist group and antagonist control group at 24 h after modeling respectively, and BrdU (50 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally in all groups once a day for 14 consecutive days. miR-199a-5p antagomir or NC (10 nmol) was injected into the lateral ventricle at d5 after ischemia in antagonist and antagonist control groups, respectively. The neurological deficits were evaluated by the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and the corner test, and the infract volume was measured by toluidine blue staining. Neurogenesis and angiogenesis were detected by immunofluorescence double labeling method. The expression level of miR-199a-5p was tested by real-time RT-PCR, and the protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were determined by Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#BYHWD treatment significantly promoted the recovery of neurological function (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Buyang Huanwu decoction promotes neurogenesis and angiogenesis in rats with cerebral ischemia, which may be related to increased protein expression of VEGF and BDNF through upregulating miR-199a-5p.

Effects of long-chain non-coding RNA CASC9 targeting miRNA-195-5p on cell proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer BxPC-3 cells / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) tumor susceptibility candidate gene 9 (CASC9) on the proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell BxPC-3, and to identify the targeting relationship between miR-195-5p and CASC9.Methods:40 pairs of pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent normal pancreas tissues resected by surgery and diagnosed by histopathology in Xiangyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine from April 2017 to May 2018 were collected. Four pancreatic cancer cells (AsPC-1, HPAC, BxPC-3, PANC1) and normal pancreatic ductal epithelial cells HPDE6-C7 were used in experiments. The expression level of CASC9 in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The BxPC-3 cells were divided into si-CASC9 group (transfected with siRNA against CASC9), si-control group (transfected with siRNA that did not match CASC9), CACS9 group (transfected with CASC9 overexpressed plasmid), and CASC9/miR-195-5p group (co-transfected with CASC9 overexpressed plasmid and miR-195-5p mimics). Cell proliferation activity was detected by MTT assay. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of Bax and Bcl-2. The targeting relationship between CASC9 and miR-195-5p was identified by bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assay.Results:The expression level of CASC9 in pancreatic cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues (4.7±1.25 vs 2.15±0.82, P=0.04), and the expression levels of CASC9 in pancreatic cancer cell lines AsPC-1, HPAC, BxPC-3, and PANC1 cells were 1.43±0.12, 1.86±0.13, 2.03±0.14, and 1.73±0.15, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in HPDE6-C7 cells (1.00±0.10, P<0.001). The expression in BxPC-3 cells was the highest. The proliferation activity of cells in si-CASC9 group decreased significantly compared with that in si-control group (on day 3 0.57±0.05 vs 0.72±0.04, P=0.01; and on day 4 0.75±0.07 vs 0.95±0.07, P=0.02). Bax expression was up-regulated (1.39±0.13 vs 1.07±0.11, P=0.03), while Bcl-2 expression was significantly down-regulated (1.44±0.11 vs 1.71±0.12, P=0.04). The cell proliferation activity of CASC9/miR-195-5p group was significantly decreased compared with that of CASC9 group ( P<0.005). The expression level of Bax was significantly higher than that of CASC9 group (0.68±0.04 vs 0.56±0.03, P=0.01), and the expression level of Bcl-2 was significantly lower than that of CASC9 group (1.05±0.03 vs 1.47±0.04, P<0.001). Conclusions:miR-195-5p can reverse the effect of CASC9 on promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells by targeting lncRNA CASC9.

The role of EBUS-TBNA in the systematic evaluation of lymph node staging and resectability analysis in non-small cell lung cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the role of endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in lymph node staging and resectability assessment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).@*Methods@#The clinical data of 154 patients with NSCLC who underwent EBUS-TBNA from March 2015 to December 2018 were collected. All accessible mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes were systematically explored and punctured using EBUS-TBNA. EBUS-TBNA and CT were used for preoperative staging and resectability evaluation.@*Results@#The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of EBUS-TBNA were 94.2%, 100.0% and 96.0%, respectively, while those of CT were 89.9%, 31.8% and 72.0%, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of EBUS-TBNA in lymph nodes with short diameter less than 15 mm were 92.4%, 100.0% and 96.0%, respectively, while those of CT were 80.7%, 34.8% and 60.1%, respectively, with statistical differences (P<0.05). The staging of 62 patients was changed, 27 cases were up-regulated and 35 cases were down-regulated. Among them, 32 cases had been changed to resectable. The evaluating resectability of EBUS-TBNA showed excellent consistency with that of pathological results (Kappa=0.95). The sensitivity and specificity were 100.0% and 97.2%, respectively.@*Conclusion@#EBUS-TBNA can systemically evaluate the metastatic status of NSCLC patients and improve the accuracy of preoperative lymph node staging and resectability assessment.

Relationship between hemoglobin level and the prognosis of cerebral infraction in elderly patients aged 75 years and over / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between hemoglobin levels and prognosis of cerebral infarction in elderly patients aged 75 years and over.Methods A retrospective analysis of 238 elderly patients (≥75 years old) with cerebral infarction admitted into our hospital from January 2016 to June 2018 was performed.The age,gender,serum creatinine and risk factors for stroke (hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,homocysteine,atrial fibrillation,smoking,drinking),coronary heart disease,previous stroke history,tumor history,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score,hemoglobin,hematocrit and other basic data were recorded.The patients were divided into the group with good prognosis (mRS score ≤ 2) and the group with poor prognosis (mRS score ＞ 2).The relationship between hemoglobin levels and the prognosis of cerebral infarction in elderly patients were analyzed.Results After 6 months of follow-up,124 (52.1％,124/238) stroke patients had a good prognosis,and 114 (47.9％,114/238) patients had a poor prognosis,including 21 deaths.Anemia at admission (OR =2.433,95％CI:1.213-4.591,P=0.011),new-onset anemia after hospitalization (OR =2.615,95％CI:1.333-6.521,P =0.043) and the low level of minimum hemoglobin during hospitalization (OR =0.847,95 ％ CI:0.671-0.971,P =0.038) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly stroke patients aged ≥75 years.New-onset anemia after hospitalization (OR =1.015,95％ CI:1.002-1.027,P--0.022),the low level of minimum hemoglobin during hospitalization (OR =0.801,95％CI:0.654-0.981,P=0.027),the decrement of hemoglobin ≥ 20 g/L (OR =1.342,95％ CI:1.011-1.763,P =0.000) at reexamination were independent risk factors for the mortality in elderly patients with cerebral infarction.Conclusions Anemia at admission,new-onset anemia after hospitalization,and the low level of minimum hemoglobin during hospitalization are independent predictors for poor prognosis in cerebral infarction patients aged ≥75 years.The decrement of hemoglobin ≥20 g/L after admission is an independent predictor for high mortality in elderly patients with cerebral infarction.

Relationship between hemoglobin level and the prognosis of cerebral infraction in elderly patients aged 75 years and over / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the relationship between hemoglobin levels and prognosis of cerebral infarction in elderly patients aged 75 years and over.@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis of 238 elderly patients (≥75 years old) with cerebral infarction admitted into our hospital from January 2016 to June 2018 was performed. The age, gender, serum creatinine and risk factors for stroke (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, homocysteine, atrial fibrillation, smoking, drinking), coronary heart disease, previous stroke history, tumor history, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, hemoglobin, hematocrit and other basic data were recorded. The patients were divided into the group with good prognosis (mRS score ≤ 2) and the group with poor prognosis (mRS score > 2). The relationship between hemoglobin levels and the prognosis of cerebral infarction in elderly patients were analyzed.@*Results@#After 6 months of follow-up, 124 (52.1%, 124/238) stroke patients had a good prognosis, and 114 (47.9%, 114/238) patients had a poor prognosis, including 21 deaths. Anemia at admission (OR=2.433, 95%CI: 1.213-4.591, P=0.011), new-onset anemia after hospitalization (OR=2.615, 95%CI: 1.333-6.521, P=0.043) and the low level of minimum hemoglobin during hospitalization (OR=0.847, 95%CI: 0.671-0.971, P=0.038) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly stroke patients aged ≥75 years. New-onset anemia after hospitalization (OR=1.015, 95%CI: 1.002-1.027, P=0.022), the low level of minimum hemoglobin during hospitalization (OR=0.801, 95%CI: 0.654-0.981, P=0.027), the decrement of hemoglobin ≥20 g/L (OR=1.342, 95%CI: 1.011-1.763, P=0.000) at reexamination were independent risk factors for the mortality in elderly patients with cerebral infarction.@*Conclusions@#Anemia at admission, new-onset anemia after hospitalization, and the low level of minimum hemoglobin during hospitalization are independent predictors for poor prognosis in cerebral infarction patients aged ≥75 years. The decrement of hemoglobin ≥20 g/L after admission is an independent predictor for high mortality in elderly patients with cerebral infarction.

Application of coagulation biomarkers in the diagnosis of thrombotic diseases in critically ill children / 中国小儿急救医学

Thrombotic diseases in children are much rare compared with adults,and the incidences are increasing in PICU during recent years.The characters of clinical presentations and the results of laboratory tests are different among various kinds of thrombotic diseases in children with venous thromboembolism,arterial thrombosis and thrombotic microangiopathy.The pathophysiological mechanism of thrombotic diseases comprise of coagulation activation and fibrinolysis suppression.Biomarkers of coagulation can reflect the early situation of coagulation and fibrinolysis.Fully and reasonably understanding the changes of various coagulation biomarkers in children is helpful for the early prediction and diagnosis of thrombotic disease.

Research progress: The association between homocysteine and ischemic stroke / 中华老年医学杂志

Homocysteine is a risk factor for ischemic stroke.The association between homocysteine and ischemic stroke has been becoming a hot spot of research all over the world,but has not yet got a consistent result up to now.In this article,we reviewed the pathogenic mechanism,intervention,new treatment strategies,and summarized the current progress of the association of homocysteine with ischemic stroke.

Study on expression profile of long non-coding RNA in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To investigate the aberrant expression of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension,and explore the lncRNA role in pathogenesis of CTEPH.Methods A total of 5 pulmonary artery endarterium tissue of CTEPH patients and 5 pulmonary artery endarterium tissue of healthy controls were collected.Using high-throughput gene microarray technology to detect two groups of lncRNA and mRNA expression spectrum,build lncRNA-mRNA express network,Pathway and GO analysis to explore the gene function.Results Differential expression of 185 lncRNA was observed in the CTEPH tissues compared with healthy control tissues.Further analysis identified 464 regulated enhancerlike lncRNA and overlapping,antisense or nearby mRNA pairs.Coexpression networks were subsequently constructed and investigated.The expression levels of the lncRNA,NR_036693,NR_027783,NR_033766 and NR_001284,were significantly altered.Gene ontology and pathway analysis demonstrated the potential role of lncRNA in the regulation of central process,including inflammatory response,response to endogenous stimulus and antigen processing and presentation.Conclusion Differentially expressed lncRNA may exert a partial role in CTEPH,the results of this study will help in the future about diagnosis and treatment of CTEPH.

Recent advance in long term video electroencephalagraphy and anti-epileptic drugs withdrawal in pre-surgical evaluation of refractory epilepsy / 中华神经医学杂志

Surgery should be considered for disabling and focal drug resistant epilepsy in patients.Successful epilepsy pre-surgical evaluation should be based on comprehensive and multiple discipline work-up.One of the most important investigations of epilepsy pre-surgical evaluation is electroencephalography (EEG),especially long-term video-EEG monitoring (LTM).There has not been any consensus of successful LTM,LTM duration,and Anti-epileptic drugs withdrawal strategy in pre-surgical evaluation at home and abroad.With the newly published literatures,we reviewed the progress of LTM and anti-epileptic drugs withdrawal in pre-surgical evaluation of refractory epilepsy.This new review may help to increase the effectiveness and safety of LTM in epileptic pre-surgical evaluation.

Clinical study of thromboelastography for assessment of coagulation disorders in children with sepsis / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To study the clinical significance of thromboelastography (TEG) for determining the presence of coagulation disorders in septic children.Methods A total of 100 patients suffering from sepsis or severe sepsis in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Shanghai Children's Medical Center from February 2014 to January 2015 were recruited.TEG tests and conventional coagulation laboratory tests (CCTs) including platelet count,fibrinogen,prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time,D-dimers,and international normalized ratio (INR) were carried out in all patients at the primary diagnosis of sepsis.Another 25 healthy children taking physical examination were enrolled as control group.Rank Sum Test was used to detect the differences in coagulation markers and TEG between the groups and there was statistical significance when P ＜ 0.05.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the roles of TEG and CCTs tests in this study.Results Of them,there were 56 patients with sepsis and 44 with severe sepsis.The male to female ratio was 63∶ 37,the median age was 11.5 (3.3-48) months,and 71％ patients suffered from underlying disease.According to TEG,72 patients had coagulation disorders,including 28 with hypercoagulation and 44 with hypocoagulation.CCTs tests showed 50 patients had coagulation disorders,including 29 with non-overt DIC and 21 with overt DIC.The rate of hypercoagulability was significantly higher in non-DIC group than in non-overt DIC group (46％vs.17.2％,P =0.016).The rate of hypocoagulability was significantly higher in overt DIC group than in non-overt DIC group (100％ vs.44.8％,P ＜ 0.01).Patients with hypercoagulation disorders had significantly shorter R (coagulation reaction time) and K (coagulation formation time) and greater α (angle α),MA (maximal amplitude) and CI (comprehensive coagulation index) compared with control group (P ＜ 0.01).According to CCTs results,patients with hypercoagulation had significantly prolonged PT compared with control group (P =0.002).Compared with sepsis group,severe sepsis group had significantly prolonged R and K and lower α,MA and CI (P ＜ 0.01).ROC analysis demonstrated that area under the curve (AUC) of TEG and CCTs variables for diagnosis of severe sepsis were significantly greater than 0.5.Both variables of α (P =0.000 2) and K (P =0.004 1) had significantly greater AUCs compared with Fib.Conclusions There were 72％ septic patients with coagulation disorders.The hypercoagulability occurred earlier in patients with sepsis and the hypocoagulability occurred later in patients with severe sepsis.The TEG may provide important information for clinicians to deal with coagulation disorders in septic children.