Cannabinoid alleviates anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in mice via inhibiting microglia activation / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanism of cannabinoid (CBD) on the anxiety- and depression-like behaviors induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice.Methods:C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS to establish the model of neuroinflammation. CBD was injected intraperitoneally 24 h after modeling. Behavioral tests were performed to evaluate the anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in mice. CBD-pretreated BV-2 microglia cells were stimulated with LPS in vitro. The levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and CD86 in mouse cerebral cortex, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and BV-2 cells were measured by qRT-PCR. The protein level of nuclear factor (NF-κB) in mouse brain and BV-2 cells was determined by Western blot. Results:CBD significantly increased the residence time and movement distance of LPS-treated mice in the central area in the open filed test (OFT), and reduced the immobility time in tail suspension test (TST) and force swimming test (FST). In addition, CBD alleviated the neuroinflammation and inhibited the activation of microglia in mouse brain. In vitro, CBD significantly inhibited the activation of BV-2 microglia cells. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that CBD could inhibit NF-κB expression. Conclusions:LPS could induce the activation of BV-2 microglia cells and the expression of inflammatory factors in mouse brain accompanied with abnormal behaviors. CBD could inhibit the activation of microglia, alleviate the neuroinflammation in different regions of mouse brain and improve behavioral performance.

Developmental relationship between mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells and hematopoietic cells during human embryogenesis / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the developmental relationship between mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) and hematopoietic cells during human embryogenesis.@*Methods@#Aborted embryos at different developmental stages were used in this study after medical abortion. Embryonic blood tissues were isolated and digested into single cells. These single cells were plated in semisolid medium in favor of the differentiation of colony-forming cell with high proliferative potential (HPP-CFC) and incubated for 10 to 14 d. Individual colonies with diameter more than 0.5 mm were picked and replated in liquid medium. Fibroblastic adherent cells appeared in the replated colonies were cultured for cell proliferation and cytokins expressed on cell surface were identified to analyze whether they had the characteristics of MSPCs.@*Results@#This study summarized the dynamic development of HPP-CFCs and other hematopoietic progenitor cells in different tissues including aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region, yolk sac and embryonic liver. From the 28-somite stage, a proportion of HPP-CFCs in AGM region could give rise to adherent fibroblastic cells in addition to hematopoietic cells. The adherent cells harbored the differentiation potential of MSPCs and could inhibit the proliferation of T cells in lymphocyte transformation test.@*Conclusions@#This study suggests some prehematopoietic precursors in AGM region can give rise to both hematopoietic progenitors and MSPCs during human embryogenesis.

Developmental relationship between mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells and hematopoietic cells dur-ing human embryogenesis / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To analyze the developmental relationship between mesenchymal stem/pro-genitor cells (MSPCs) and hematopoietic cells during human embryogenesis. Methods Aborted embryos at different developmental stages were used in this study after medical abortion. Embryonic blood tissues were isolated and digested into single cells. These single cells were plated in semisolid medium in favor of the dif-ferentiation of colony-forming cell with high proliferative potential ( HPP-CFC) and incubated for 10 to 14 d. Individual colonies with diameter more than 0. 5 mm were picked and replated in liquid medium. Fibroblastic adherent cells appeared in the replated colonies were cultured for cell proliferation and cytokins expressed on cell surface were identified to analyze whether they had the characteristics of MSPCs. Results This study summarized the dynamic development of HPP-CFCs and other hematopoietic progenitor cells in different tis-sues including aorta-gonad-mesonephros ( AGM) region, yolk sac and embryonic liver. From the 28-somite stage, a proportion of HPP-CFCs in AGM region could give rise to adherent fibroblastic cells in addition to hematopoietic cells. The adherent cells harbored the differentiation potential of MSPCs and could inhibit the proliferation of T cells in lymphocyte transformation test. Conclusions This study suggests some prehemato-poietic precursors in AGM region can give rise to both hematopoietic progenitors and MSPCs during human embryogenesis.

The immunomodulatory function and clinical applications of mesenchymal stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the abilities of self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation and immunomodulation, and have become the focus of current research. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the immunomodulation of MSCs to different immune cells and the clinical applications of MSCs in the treatment of immune-related diseases. METHODS: The first author searched the PubMed and the CKNI databases for relative articles from January 1974 to December 2016. The key words were mesenchymal stem cells, immunomodulation, MSC1 and MSC2, autoimmune diseases in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally, 52 representative articles were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: MSCs can inhibit the function of T lymphocytes, reduce the activation, proliferation and antibody secretion of B lymphocytes, affect the polarization of macrophages, inhibit the maturation of dendritic cells, inhibit the proliferation and toxicity of NK cells, so MSCs have the great potential in the treatment of immune-related diseases. However, MSCs exhibit the opposite immunomodulatory abilities under different inflammatory microenvironments, and moreover the definite and controllable mechanism of this phenomenon is still unclear, Therefore, future investigations may focus on the specific mechanism of MSCs in the clinical treatment of immune-related diseases.

Effect of H. pylori on the expression of CCAAT enhancer binding protein α and Cx43 and its role in gastric carcinogenesis / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of H. pylori on the expression of CCAAT enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and connexin 43 (Cx43) in gastric carcinogenesis.
@*METHODS@#Different gastric mucosal epithelial cell lines (GES-1 cells, AGS cells and SGC-7901 cells) were cultured. A total of 6 cases of chronic non-atrophic gastritis tissues, 12 cases of gastric precancerous lesions tissues and 12 cases of gastric cancer tissues were collected under endoscopy. The expression of C/EBPα and Cx43 mRNA in the above-mentioned cells and tissues was detected by real-time PCR. The GES-1 cells and East Asian CagA+ H. pylori strains were co-cultured for 24 and 48 h as an experimental group, and those cell lines without H. pylori infection were cultured for 24 and 48 h as a control group. Real-time PCR and Western bolt were used to detect the expression of mRNA and proteins of C/EBPα and Cx43 in GES-1 cells, respectively.
@*RESULTS@#The expressions of C/EBPα and Cx43 mRNA in the AGS and SGC-7901 cells were lower than those in GES-1 cells (all P<0.05), and both of them decreased more profoundly in the SGC-7901 cells than those in the AGS cells (both P<0.05). The expressions of C/EBPα and Cx43 mRNA were lower in the gastric cancer tissues than those in the chronic non-atrophic gastritis tissues (both P<0.05) and gastric precancerous lesion tissues (both P<0.05). The C/EBPα expression was positively correlated with Cx43 expression (gastric precancerous lesion tissues: r=0.679, gastric cancer tissues: r=0.792; both P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expressions of C/EBPα and Cx43 mRNA and protein in the experimental group were decreased at 24 and 48 h after culture (both P<0.05), which were lower at 48 h than those at 24 h (both P<0.05).
@*CONCLUSION@#H. pylori infection can down-regulate the expressions of C/EBPα and Cx43 on gastric epithelial cells, which may be associated with gastric carcinogenesis.

The practice and thinking for the general practitioners’ contracted service in Zhejiang Province / 中国卫生政策研究

In 2012, the contracted service with the general practitioners ( rural doctors) was implemented in Zhejiang Province. This paper conducted an analysis on the existing problems in the contracted service from three as-pects of policy background, policy objective, main measures and the following suggestions have been put forward:Strengthening the whole family team of doctors and information construction, and improving the multi sectoral coopera-tion mechanism in order to establish the classified diagnosis and treatment system as targeted to lay a good foundation.

The influence of mesenchymal stem cell on T lymphocyte transformation / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To study the immunoregulatory ability of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) on T cells. Methods MSC were isolated and cultured from bone marrow and CD3 + T cells from peripheral blood. Then the action of MSC on T cell proliferation was investigated. ELISA assay tested IFN-? and IL-10 secretion of CD3 + T cells. Results The data showed that MSC inhibited T cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner when there was 2?10 5/well (96-well plate) CD3 +T cells. While MSC stimulated T cell proliferation when there was 5?10 4/well CD3 + T cells. High dose CD3 +T cells produced high level IFN-? and IL-10 in the absence of MSC, while when there were MSC in the culture, 5?10 4/well CD3 +T cells secreted more IFN-? and IL-10 than 2?10 5/well CD3 + T cells. Conclusion The result suggested that the effect of MSC on T cells was complex, not only correlating with the cell concentration of MSC but also of T cells.

ROLE OF ADHESIVE MOLECULES IN MEDIATING HEMATOGENOUS METASTASIS OF DIFFERENT LUNG CARCINOMA CELL LINES AND THE REGULATION EFFECT OF TEA POLYPHENOLS / 解放军医学杂志

Confocal microscope and flow cytometry were used to study the adhesion and the expression of adhesive molecules between different metastatic lung cancer cells and endothelial cells (EC) in vitro. Tea polyphenols (TP) were tested for their effect on tumor cell endothelial adhesion.The results showed that the adhesion and expression of CD44?CD54 were significantly higher in PG cells than those in D9 cells. Treatment of EC monolayers with LPS(0 5ug/ml) for six hours caused an increase in adhesion of PG to EC and adhesive molecules expression. TP could inhibit the adhesion of PG to EC and expressions of CD44 and CD54 in dose dependent manner. It suggested that adhesion molecules might play an important role in mediating the adhesion of lung carcinoma to EC and hematogenous metastasis; TP had an inhibitory effect on metastasis of lung cancer.