Transition of autophagy and apoptosis in fibroblasts depends on dominant expression of HIF-1α or p53 / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

It has been revealed that hypoxia is dynamic in hypertrophic scars; therefore, we considered that it may have different effects on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and p53 expression. Herein, we aimed to confirm the presence of a teeterboard-like conversion between HIF-1α and p53, which is correlated with scar formation and regression. Thus, we obtained samples of normal skin and hypertrophic scars to identify the differences in HIF-1α and autophagy using immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, we used moderate hypoxia in vitro to simulate the proliferative scar, and silenced HIF-1α or p53 gene expression or triggered overexpression to investigate the changes of HIF-1α and p53 expression, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell proliferation under this condition. HIF-1α, p53, and autophagy-related proteins were assayed using western blotting and immunofluorescence, whereas apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry analysis, and cell proliferation was detected using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) staining. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation was performed to verify the binding of HIF-1α and p53 to transcription cofactor p300. Our results demonstrated that, in scar tissue, HIF-1α expression increased in parallel with autophagosome formation. Under hypoxia, HIF-1α expression and autophagy were upregulated, whereas p53 expression and apoptosis were downregulated in vitro. HIF-1α knockdown downregulated autophagy, proliferation, and p300-bound HIF-1α, and upregulated p53 expression, apoptosis, and p300-bound p53. Meanwhile, p53 knockdown induced the opposite effects and enhanced HIF-1α, whereas p53 overexpression resulted in the same effects and reduced HIF-1α. Our results suggest a teeterboard-like conversion between HIF-1α and p53, which is linked with scar hyperplasia and regression.

The clinical efficacy of exercise training on type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中国糖尿病杂志

Objective To observe the changes of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in blood sugar,TC,TG,HDL C,plasma insulin,body mass index(BMI), microalbuminuria,etc before and after moderate intensity exercise training.Methods 28 patients with mean age of 59.0?7.6 years did moderate intensity exercise training for 1～1.5 hours every day for 12 month.At the same time they received the treatment of diet and oral antidiabetic drug com pared with 40 controls without exercise training. Before and after the observing period we measured the values of items above.Results Plasma glucose level , HbAlc,AUCGS(the area under the curve of glucose sugar) and BMI in fat diabetes with training team were obviously decreased compared with those before observation( P 0.05).Conclusion Exercise training can significantly descend blood sugar, insulin resistance and BMI of obese people ,improve lipidmetabolism and ascend insulin sensitivity. So the action of exercise can't be replaced by the diet and oral drug.