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Objective To investigate the current situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in hospitals in Yunnan Province in 2015, and provide basis for formulating HAI control measures.Methods A cross-sectional survey on HAI prevalence rate , antimicrobial use,and pathogenic detection in 116 hospitals in Yunnan Province were conducted by combined methods of bed-side survey and medical record reviewing.Results A total of 64 386 hospitalized patients participated in the survey, the prevalence rate of HAI was 2.11%(n=1 357), and case prevalence rate was 2.29%(n=1 476).Difference in prevalence rates of HAI, antimicrobial usage rates, and pathogenic detection among hospitals of different beds were all significant(all P <0.01).The top 3 departments of HAI distribution were intensive care units(20.99%), burn departments(8.00%), and hematology departments (7.34%);the main infection site was lower respiratory tract(42.68%);HAI mainly caused by gram-negative bacteria(69.28%), the major were Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Antimicrobial usage rate at the survey day was 35.62 %, bacterial detection rate in patients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial use was 59.56%.Conclusion The cross-sectional survey on prevalence of HAI is helpful for understanding the current status of HAI, calculation of the percentile distribution of each index can promote self-evaluation for HAI-related work in each hospital.
RESUMO
Objective To evaluate the significance of arthroscopy in diagnosis and treatment of acute posterior dislocation of the hip. Methods From August 2005 to April 2009, 32 patients with acute posterior hip dislocation underwent hip arthroscopy in our hospital. All patients were confirmed by symptoms, signs, X-ray examination and CT scan. There were 26 males and 6 females, at mean age of 38.5 years (range 23-55 years). An arthroscope was introduced to evaluate the intraarticular lesions routinely. Then, arthroscopic debridement was performed. Eight patients with acetabular fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation after arthroscopy. The Sanders scores were employed to evaluate the postoperative hip functions. Results Among 32 patients, there were 29 patients with loose bodies, three with tear of the ligamentum, 12 with labrum injuries and eight with acetabulum fractures that required a second stage open reduction and internal fixation. There were no complications of vessel or nerve injuries peri- or post-operatively. An average period of follow-up for 10 months (range, 5-24months) were available for all patients, which showed excellent results in 23 patients, good in five and fair in four according to the Sanders scores. Conclusion Hip intraarticular lesions can be evaluated and confirmed by the arthroscope, under which the loose bodies, tear of the ligamentum teres and labrum injuries can be cleared effectively.