RESUMO
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of lacosamide （LCM） and carbamazepine （CAR） as monotherapy in the treatment of adult patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy. METHODS By methods of retrospective analysis， 84 adult patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy， were admitted to the Department of Neurology， Huaihe Hospital of Henan University during Sept. 2020-Jun. 2022， were divided into the control group （40 cases， receiving CAR treatment） and the observation group （44 cases， receiving LCM treatment） according to different medication regimens. Total response rate， epilepsy seizure frequency， blood lipid levels， and the occurrence of adverse events （AEs） of patients were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS In the first month after treatment， there was no statistically significant difference in the total response rate between the observation group （63.64%） and the control group （55.00%， P＞0.05）； the frequency of epilepsy seizure in both groups was significantly reduced compared to before treatment （P＜0.05）， but there was no statistically significant difference between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. In the third month after treatment， the total response rate of the observation group （90.91%） was significantly higher than control group （67.50%， P＜0.05）； the frequencies of epilepsy seizure in both groups were significantly reduced compared to before treatment， and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group （P＜0.05）. In the third month after treatment， the levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG） and low-density lipoprotein cholestrol （LDL-C） in the control group and the level of LDL-C in the observation group were significantly higher than before treatment， and the levels of TC， TG and LDL-C in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of AEs between the observation group （15.91%） and the control group （17.50%， P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Both LCM and CAR have certain effects in the treatment of newly diagnosed epilepsy in adults， which can reduce the frequency of epilepsy seizure in patients and have comparable safety. Meanwhile， LCM has better long-term efficacy than CAR in treating newly diagnosed epilepsy in adults， and its impact on the patient’s blood lipid is smaller than CAR.